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Analysis of Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Gastric Cancer
Zhao Xueyu,
Li Donghai,
Liu Ming
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
79-83
Received:
23 May 2018
Accepted:
7 June 2018
Published:
29 June 2018
Abstract: Objective Western Inner Mongolia is a high risk area of gastric cancer. However, detailed clinical and pathological data of gastric cancer has been lacking. Our hospital is one of the largest gastric cancer diagnoses and treatment centers in western Inner Mongolia. This study was designed to investigate the characteristics of clinical data of patients with gastric cancer in Western Inner Mongolia at our hospital over the past eight years. Methods Data of 1548 cases of gastric cancer patients from 2007.01.01 to 2015.01.01 in our hospital was retrospectively analyzed for their clinical characteristics. Results Of the 1548 patients, 1251 cases (80.81%) were male and 297 (19.19%) were female, and the average age was 60.94±10.90 years old. The cancer location was mainly on the antrum, accounting for 40.76%. Different ages of gastric cancer location constituent ratio was different, and the difference was significant (χ2=39.836, P=0.000). Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was a major histological type, accounting for 46.58%. Different ages of histological classification and the differentiation constituent ratio was also different, and the difference was significant (χ2=67.300, P=0.000). There were 144 cases of early gastric cancer, accounting for 9.30%; 1404 cases of advanced gastric cancer, accounting for 90.70%. The majority pathologic type of advanced gastric cancers were Bormann Ⅲ(53.92%). Ⅲ+Ⅳ stage was a majority of TNM stage, accounting for 72.41％. Different ages of TNM stage was different, the difference was significant (χ2=9.013, P=0.029). Conclusion Advanced gastric cancer is the major type of patients with gastric cancer in Western Inner Mongolia. Gastric cancer has a higher incidence in older male patients. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and cancer in antrum have a larger probability. Compared with older patients, there is higher occurrence of malignant cancer and earlier TNM stage in younger patients. Mongolian patients and Han patients showed no significant difference.
Abstract: Objective Western Inner Mongolia is a high risk area of gastric cancer. However, detailed clinical and pathological data of gastric cancer has been lacking. Our hospital is one of the largest gastric cancer diagnoses and treatment centers in western Inner Mongolia. This study was designed to investigate the characteristics of clinical data of patie...
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Evaluation of the Performance of PCR and Hybrid Capture 2 in the Detection of Human Papillomavirus Associated with Cervical Cancer in Algeria
Melhag Mohamed,
Kerroucha Rabah,
Melouli Hamid,
Midoun Nori,
Zemour Lakhdar,
Ayyach Ghassan,
Asselah Fatima,
Bendissari Kheira,
EL Kebir Fatima Zohra
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
84-91
Received:
28 May 2018
Accepted:
2 July 2018
Published:
27 July 2018
Abstract: To evaluate and compare the performance of PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and second-generation capture hybridization (HC2) in the detection of high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV-HR) and to estimate their prevalence among normal cervical, dysplastic and cervical cancer in the Algerian population. 264 women were subjected to cyto-histological and colposcopic diagnostics and to the HPV test by PCR and Hybrid capture 2. The search for HPV DNA by conventional PCR was carried out with MY09 / 11 consensus primers and the typing of HPV with the hybridization technique in solution, Digene Sharp Signal for PCR. Hybrid Capture® 2 was performed with the digene HPV HC2 DNA Test kit. The PCR and HC2 performance tests included sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, Youden's index, and Yule's Q coefficient. HPV-HR research has shown that these viruses are associated with 100% high-grade lesions, 88.2% by PCR and 83.3% by HC2 (p = 0.8) with invasive cancer. The PCR and HC2 performance tests were in favor of HCV HPV testing which was more sensitive, more specific, more predictive and more effective. The results on the prevalence of HPV-HR associated with cervical lesions are comparable to those in the literature. In comparison with PCR, the capture hybridization technique 2 is recommended for HPV diagnosis because of its better performance and simplicity.
Abstract: To evaluate and compare the performance of PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and second-generation capture hybridization (HC2) in the detection of high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV-HR) and to estimate their prevalence among normal cervical, dysplastic and cervical cancer in the Algerian population. 264 women were subjected to cyto-histological and ...
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Study Effect of Vitamins D3 and B6 Supplementation on Treatment Response in Breast Cancer Using Antibody-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles Immunoassay for Circulating Endothelial Cells
Hewida Hassan Fadel,
Mohamed Ahmed Abdel Mohsen,
Khaled El Sayed Soliman,
Hanaa Mohamed Kohail,
Shehata Mahmoud EL Sewedy
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
92-100
Received:
26 June 2018
Accepted:
9 July 2018
Published:
2 August 2018
Abstract: In cancer patients, oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the initiation, promotion, progression of disease, in addition to, the continuous exposure to OS throughout the surgical procedure, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The present study was designated to evaluate the role of vitamin D3 and B6 supplementation in combination with anti-cancer therapies in maintenance the redox status and their impact on angiogenesis, the main step in cancer progression and aggressiveness, as well as on the side effect of surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Our investigations were at two levels, firstly, assessment of chemical parameters for redox status and angiogenic factors, secondly, assessment level of circulating endothelial cells by applying immunoassay using antibodies coupling nanoparticles. Blood samples were collected once from 15 apparently healthy women (GP-I) and four times from 20 BC patients; (GpII)before mastectomy (B. M.), after mastectomy (A. M.), after ending of chemotherapy course (A. C.) and after 3 months later (A.3M) for both subgroups to Monitor the oxidant-antioxidants status (MDA and TAS) and angiogenic biomarkers (VEGF, ES and CECs). Our data reveals that comparing to control group, BC patients show significant elevation of MDA, VEGF and CECs (P<0.001) as well as ES (P<0.05). The serum level of CECs decreased significantly (P<0.001) in BC patients supplemented with vitamins from the beginning of chemotherapy comparing to those receiving chemotherapy alone and then supplemented with vitamins for three months later. Supplementation with vitamins D3 and B6 reduces the oxidative stress, the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy as vomiting and fatigue, in addition to interfere with angiogenesis.
Abstract: In cancer patients, oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in the initiation, promotion, progression of disease, in addition to, the continuous exposure to OS throughout the surgical procedure, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The present study was designated to evaluate the role of vitamin D3 and B6 supplementation in combination with anti-ca...
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General Mechanisms of Resistance to Pharmacological Therapy Applied to Tumor Cells
Fernández-Lázaro Diego,
Fernández-Lázaro César Ignacio
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
101-105
Received:
27 July 2018
Accepted:
9 August 2018
Published:
6 September 2018
Abstract: The management of cancer involves procedures, which include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, whose are aimed at destroying tumor cells and preserving healthy tissues. Development of drug resistance is one of problems during the treatment of local and/or disseminated disease, also is one of the biggest problems in relapses of cancer. A plethora of cytotoxic drugs that selectively, but not exclusively, target actively proliferating cells include such diverse groups as DNA alkylating agents, antimetabolites, intercalating agents and mitotic inhibitors. Resistance constitutes a lack of response to drug-induced tumor growth inhibition. This article discusses the various mechanisms of acquired drug resistance that have been reported in the context of cancer drug therapies. The drug resistance may be inherent in a subpopulation of heterogeneous cancer cells or be acquired as a cellular response to drug exposure. Also, different mechanisms have been proposed that could explain tumor refractoriness due to resistance to anti-tumor drugs, some of them are: intrinsic resistance due to their genetic characteristics, acquisition of resistance mechanisms after exposure to a drug, mechanisms that alter transport of the drug. drug through the plasma membrane, DNA repair, alterations in target molecules, difficulty of the drug to access the target cells and growth factors. The knowledge of these mechanisms of resistance, could serve as a therapeutic strategy to control or delay the progression of the disease and therefore improve the quality of life of the patient.
Abstract: The management of cancer involves procedures, which include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, whose are aimed at destroying tumor cells and preserving healthy tissues. Development of drug resistance is one of problems during the treatment of local and/or disseminated disease, also is one of the biggest problems in relapses of cancer. A pletho...
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Factors Affecting the Uptake of Cervical Cancer Screening in Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
Phylis Mbaka,
Rebecca Waihenya,
Christopher Oisebe,
Raphael Lihana
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, September 2018
Pages:
106-111
Received:
14 August 2018
Accepted:
7 September 2018
Published:
11 October 2018
Abstract: Cervical malignancy afflicts women of all societies. In Kenya, 4,802 women are diagnosed with cervical malignancy and almost 2500 die annually with only 3.2% of cervical screening uptake. The Main goal of this study was to find out the factors that contribute to the uptake of cervical screening at Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospital. This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study that used a purposeful sampling method. An interview-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from women and hospital key informants. Multivariate regression was used to analyse associations between study variables. A total of 246 participants were recruited. Uptake of cervical screening was 23.1%, with 83.6% being aware of cervical cancer. Fear of results (69.5%), lack of information (69.8%) and fear of the screening procedure (65.2%) were major cervical screening barriers. Free cervical screening (93.5%) comprehensive cancer health education (90.2%), voluntary cervical screening centres (84.9%), mass media cervical cancer campaigns (83.3%) and cervical cancer screening mobile clinics (81.7%) to be the likely motivators to cervical screening uptake. Multivariate regression showed that older women participated more in uptake than young women (p = 0.001), those who had used contraceptives (p=0.001) and those with higher income (p = 0.03). In conclusion, there was a low uptake of screening for cervical cancer disease. A comprehensive and appropriate sensitization program is required, which eventually may increase uptake of cervical screening.
Abstract: Cervical malignancy afflicts women of all societies. In Kenya, 4,802 women are diagnosed with cervical malignancy and almost 2500 die annually with only 3.2% of cervical screening uptake. The Main goal of this study was to find out the factors that contribute to the uptake of cervical screening at Mama Lucy Kibaki Hospital. This was a descriptive a...
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