-
Clinical Study of Quyuhuazhuo on Reducing Blood Hypercoagulability of Malignant Tumors
Aixia Sui,
Wenhua Xu,
Huayue Cong,
Huiling Song,
Yong Liu,
Haibo Jia,
Yongqing Shen
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
125-128
Received:
28 August 2019
Accepted:
16 September 2019
Published:
27 September 2019
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of Quyuhuazhuo on reducing blood stasis syndrome of malignant tumors (hypercoagulable state of blood). Methods: 60 malignant tumor patients with hypercoagulable state were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. In treatment group, 30 patients were treated with Quyuhuazhuo combined with chemotherapy. In control group, the other 30 patients received chemotherapy only. The clinical symptoms were observed. The changes of PLT (platelet), FIB (fibrinogen), PT (prothrombin time), APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) and D-dimer were monitored dynamically before and after treatment. Result: The time of PT and APTT was prolonged significantly in treatment group compared with control group (P<0.05), and the value of PLT, FIB and D-dimer decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: The combined treatment of chemotherapy with Quyuhuazhuo can reduce the hypercoagulable state in malignant tumor patients.
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of Quyuhuazhuo on reducing blood stasis syndrome of malignant tumors (hypercoagulable state of blood). Methods: 60 malignant tumor patients with hypercoagulable state were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. In treatment group, 30 patients were treated with Quyuhuazhuo combine...
Show More
-
Dosimetric Evaluation of TF-3DCRT, FIF-Forward IMRT and FF Inversely Optimized IMRT for Breast Conserving Treatment
Duan Yunlong,
Wang Xiaopeng,
Yang Tao,
Qu Baolin,
Cai Boning,
Dai Xiangkun,
Ge Ruigang,
Xu Wei,
Xu Shouping
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
129-135
Received:
4 August 2019
Accepted:
29 August 2019
Published:
9 October 2019
Abstract: Objective: To compare the dosimetric characteristic of tangential field 3D conformal (TF-3DCRT, TF), field-in-field intensity-modulated (FIF-IMRT, FIF) and fixed-field inversely optimized intensity-modulated Radiotherapy (FFIO-IMRT, FFIO) for breast conserving treatment, and explore the benefit and efficiency for the three techniques. Materials and Methods: TF-3DCRT, FIF-IMRT and FFIO-IMRT treatment plans were analyzed for 16 breast patients (8 right-sided and 8 left-sided) after breast-conserving surgery. The target and organs at risk (OARs) were contoured by the same physician in the CT images. The prescription dose was 50Gy/25f. TF-3DCRT and FIF-IMRT were designed using Varian Eclipse Ver10.0 planning system, and FFIO-IMRT in the planning system of Pinnacle Ver9.6. Treatment plans were compared according to dose volume histogram (DVH) analysis in terms of PTV homogeneity and conformity indices (HI and CI) as well as OARs dose and volume parameters, and the efficiency was also evaluated. Results: In all cases, the treatment plans showed statistically significant difference between TF-3DCRT, FIF and FFIO-IMRT. The MUs were 244.9±8.3MU vs 285.9±20.3MU vs 534.0±56.2MU (p<0.001), the CIs of dose distribution and the target were 0.40±0.12 vs 0.48±0.12 vs 0.57±0.12 (p<0.01), and the HIs were 0.20±0.02 vs 0.13±0.02 vs 0.17±0.02 (p<0.01). Compared with TF and FFIO, FIF-IMRT showed smaller in the dose of D2 and volume of V107 and V110 in the target. FFIO-IMRT generally increased the D mean, V10 and V20 of ipsilateral lung, the D1 of contralateral breast and the mean dose of contralateral lung, heart, esophagus, and spinal cord relative to TF and FIF techniques. Conclusion: In breast-conserving RT, FIF-IMRT improved the overall quality of dose distribution and delivery efficiency, and the patients are most likely to benefit from FIF-IMRT.
Abstract: Objective: To compare the dosimetric characteristic of tangential field 3D conformal (TF-3DCRT, TF), field-in-field intensity-modulated (FIF-IMRT, FIF) and fixed-field inversely optimized intensity-modulated Radiotherapy (FFIO-IMRT, FFIO) for breast conserving treatment, and explore the benefit and efficiency for the three techniques. Materials and...
Show More
-
Epidemiological and Histopathological Features of Small Intestine Cancer in Cameroon: About 47 Cases
Jean Paul Ndamba Engbang,
Servais Eloumou,
Amadou Fewou,
Clémentine Essaga Essaga,
Bruno Djimeli Djougmo,
Gilbert Ateba,
Godefroy Simo,
André Moune
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
136-142
Received:
25 August 2019
Accepted:
9 September 2019
Published:
9 October 2019
Abstract: Bakground: The small intestine represents the longest part of the digestive tract. The small bowel cancer is rare, but is increasing worldwide. Methods: Data was analysed retrospectively from the medical records concerning cancer of the small intestine histologically proven, from different histopathology laboratories in Cameroon, for 13 years (2004-2016). The variables studied were the frequency, age, gender, risk factors, location and histopathologic type Results: 3.34% (47 cases /1407) of digestive cancers observed during the period of study. There were 23 female and 24 male patients, with a mean age of 49,77±15,84 (11 to 78 years), the sex ratio of men to women 1.04. The main risk factors were Intestinal polyp, adenomatous polyp and polyposis with 6 cases 25.00%, respectively. The ileum location was the most represented with 47.37%. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent histological type with 33 cases (70.21%). Conclusion: Small intestine cancer is the sixth malignant tumor of the digestive tract in Cameroon. The mean age of onset is 49.77 years with a relative male predominance. The most common histological type is adenocarcinoma.
Abstract: Bakground: The small intestine represents the longest part of the digestive tract. The small bowel cancer is rare, but is increasing worldwide. Methods: Data was analysed retrospectively from the medical records concerning cancer of the small intestine histologically proven, from different histopathology laboratories in Cameroon, for 13 years (2004...
Show More
-
Role of Duplex Ultrasound for the Assessment of Malignancy in Breast Tumors
Anindita Rani Paul,
Faria Nasreen,
Nasreen Sultana
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
143-149
Received:
15 September 2019
Accepted:
14 October 2019
Published:
23 October 2019
Abstract: Background: Breast cancer is the commonest form of cancer in females which may be curable if detected early. Breast ultrasound (US) is a non invasive, primary screening tool which can evaluate breast tumors in women even with dense breast. By adding color Doppler signal with B-mode US namely Duplex ultrasound better characterization of breast tumors is possible especially for the indeterminate tumors (BIRADS category 3 and 4) on B-Mode US. Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of Duplex Sonography (DS) for assessment of malignancy in breast tumors compared to histopathology. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at National Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Science (NINMAS) from July 2017 to June 2018. A total of 57 female patients having breast tumors (age mean 42.09 years with SD ± 15.85) were included in this study. After clinical assessment, all study patients underwent Duplex Ultrasound and was then subjected to the excisional biopsy and histopathology for confirmation of the diagnosis. Diagnostic performance test of DS was done for diagnosis of breast malignancy compared to histopathology. Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve was also constructed to determine the optimal cut-off point for each spectral Doppler indices. Results: On Color Doppler Sonography (CDS), hypervascularity was more common in malignant tumors than benign lesions (86.7%Vs 18.5%; p=0.001). Spectral Doppler indices including resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were significantly higher in malignant tumors (p=0.001). All of these indices had high diagnostic accuracy for differentiating malignant from benign tumors with area under the curve (AUC) which is equals to 0.90, 0.92 for RI and PI respectively. The optimal cut-off points to differentiate benign and malignant tumors from ROC curve for RI was 0.75 (sensitivity: 89.0%, specificity: 85.0%) and that of PI was 1.2 (sensitivity: 96.6%, specificity: 80.0%). All obtained results of sensitivity, specificity and over all accuracy of DS (considering the vessel number on CDS & BIRADS criteria on B-mode US) were 93.3%, 81.5% and 87.7% respectively. Conversely, conventional B-Mode US alone had a sensitivity, specificity and over all accuracy of 100%, 55.6%, and 78.9% respectively. Addition of CDS to B-mode US in the same session increased specificity from 55.6% to 81.5% and accuracy from 78.9% to 87.7%. Conclusion: Duplex ultrasound has a significant role in the evaluation of breast tumors and adds value to B-mode US for distinguishing malignant tumors from benign lesions.
Abstract: Background: Breast cancer is the commonest form of cancer in females which may be curable if detected early. Breast ultrasound (US) is a non invasive, primary screening tool which can evaluate breast tumors in women even with dense breast. By adding color Doppler signal with B-mode US namely Duplex ultrasound better characterization of breast tumor...
Show More
-
Epidemiological and Histopathological Characteristics of Esophageal Cancers in Cameroon
Jean Paul Ndamba Engbang,
Basile Essaola,
Servais Eloumou,
Zacharie Sando,
Ebock Yvette Takang,
Godefroy Simo,
André Moune,
Roger Gilbert Ateba,
Amadou Fewou
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
150-156
Received:
14 September 2019
Accepted:
7 October 2019
Published:
14 November 2019
Abstract: To describe the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of esophageal cancers in Cameroon. A retrospective study was carried out over a period of 13 years (January 2004-December 2016) in anatomopathological and gastroenterological departments, in five different regions in Cameroon. Only cases of confirmed histological diagnosis of esophageal cancers were included. Information was retried using a performed question which included questions of sociodemographic data, anatomical site, gross appearance, type specimens, histological type. Data statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0. We registered 89 cases of esophageal Cancers within the study period. It was the 4th frequent malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract (6.33%) of all cases. The mean age was 54.89 ± 11.22 years, predominant at 75.28% in the male sex. Smoking was the predominant risk factor among the identified factors associated with the risk of that cancer (21.35%). Lesions of the endoscoy were mostly ulcerative (44.44%) with preferential sites being the lower third portion of the oesophagus (63.33%). 83.15% (74 cases) specimens were biopsies. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most frequent histological type (52.81%), followed by adenocarcinoma (ADK). Malignant tumors of the esophagus are predominantly male in Cameroon and occur mainly in subjects over 50 years. Their incidence is strongly associated with alcohol-toxic intoxication. The tumor lesions sit mainly in the lower third of the organ. The most common histological type is squamous cell carcinoma.
Abstract: To describe the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of esophageal cancers in Cameroon. A retrospective study was carried out over a period of 13 years (January 2004-December 2016) in anatomopathological and gastroenterological departments, in five different regions in Cameroon. Only cases of confirmed histological diagnosis of esophageal ...
Show More
-
Comprehensive Nursing Intervention for the Management of a Tip-conductive Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter in Oncology Patients
Yu Xia Yin,
Lin Ping Song,
Ming Kun Cao,
Tian Heng Lu,
Hai Jun Zhang
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
157-160
Received:
4 November 2019
Accepted:
22 November 2019
Published:
4 December 2019
Abstract: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) play a great role in infusion of chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition, and intravenous fluid. It has the advantages of safety, convenience, long duration and low infection rate compared to central venous catheters (CVCs), becoming more and more popularized in clinical application. However, the clinical application of PICCs also causes complications, such as local infection, phlebitis, deep venous thrombosis, catheter malposition and breakage as well as liquid extravasation. The total complications rate varies mainly for three aspects: patients-related, catheter-related and operation-related. Disease types and severity of patients have been deeply researched. More concerns have been paid on the technology of catheter and operation to decrease the related complications. The intracavitary electrocardiogram (IC-ECG) method has been developed to be a safe, accurate and highly cost effective method. However, the traditional IC-ECG method is complicated and time consuming. Many researches have carried out to overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods. The tip-conductive PICC method came into being. The application of tip-conductive PICC greatly increases the first-attempt successful tip location and the tip location satisfactory. In this article, we reviewed the principle and characteristics of tip-conductive PICC, and comprehensive nursing care intervention including puncture, infection prevention, mechanical phlebitis, catheter blockage and catheter heterotopia and rupture.
Abstract: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) play a great role in infusion of chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition, and intravenous fluid. It has the advantages of safety, convenience, long duration and low infection rate compared to central venous catheters (CVCs), becoming more and more popularized in clinical application. However, the clinical ...
Show More
-
Determination of Thymidine Kinase 1 (TK1) Level as a Risk Warning Biomarker to Improve Early Detection of Breast Cancer
Marwa Sameh Abou El-Eneen,
Hoda Abou Seif,
Rawia Khalil Fawzy,
Abdallah Mohamed Mossa
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
161-166
Received:
22 November 2019
Accepted:
12 December 2019
Published:
24 December 2019
Abstract: Early detection of breast cancer (BC) is a global target to reduce mortality and morbidity also to improve therapeutic and survival outcomes. Currently, mammography is the gold standard in BC diagnosis followed by biopsy when warranted. Thymidine Kinase 1 (TK1) is a proliferative biomarker that succeeded in discovering premalignant transformations of breast cancer before the appearance of any symptoms. This study aimed to provide a non-invasive method to early detect BC by measuring TK1 in sera of women with breast lesions alongside mammography. The study included 271 women divided into five BIRADS categories. Methods and Material: only one blood sample was collected from each woman to detect TK1 concentration, before undergoing mammography and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) or true cut. Results: TK1 levels were significantly different between BI-RADS categories. It was correlated with clinical stage, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and vascular invasion. TK1 levels could distinguish between healthy individuals and patients who had breast lesions with a sensitivity and a specificity as follows 91.3 and 87.5%, respectively. Furthermore, this test could discriminate between benign and malignant breast lesions with a sensitivity of 92.5% and a specificity of 91.2%. Conclusion: These findings suggest the determination of TK1 levels as a risk warning biomarker to improve early detection of BC.
Abstract: Early detection of breast cancer (BC) is a global target to reduce mortality and morbidity also to improve therapeutic and survival outcomes. Currently, mammography is the gold standard in BC diagnosis followed by biopsy when warranted. Thymidine Kinase 1 (TK1) is a proliferative biomarker that succeeded in discovering premalignant transformations ...
Show More
