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Comparative Antiproliferative Activity of Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts of Detarium senegalense and Leaf of Cymbopogon citratus
Francis Agada,
Chika Muhammad,
Ahmad Uba,
Halilu Emmanuel Mshelia,
Halima Lawal Zubairu
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
38-46
Received:
13 January 2018
Accepted:
29 January 2018
Published:
7 March 2018
Abstract: Malignant cancer cells exhibit uncontrollable high proliferation similarly to meristematic cells of seeds, this led to the establishment that agents capable of producing antiproliferative effects are potential anticancer agents. The experimental plant used for this research was Sorghum bicolor seeds. The sole aim of this research work is to unveil the antiproliferative potential of Detarium senegalense and to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of leaf extract of Cymbopogon citratus on radicle length of Sorghum bicolor seeds. The three extracts were prepared at concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/cm3 as well as methotrexate (reference standard) at concentration of 0.05 mg/cm3. The growth lengths were measured at 24, 48 and 72 hours of the experiment and expressed as percentage inhibition and percentage growth. The extracts produced considerable amount of antiproliferative effect on the radicle length of the seeds. The antiproliferative activity of the three extracts were concentration (dose) dependent, as the concentration of the extracts of leaves of D. senegalense increases, the percentage inhibition also increases, with a percentage of 89.47 % at an optimum concentration of 100 mg/cm3. Similarly, D. senegalense stem bark and C. citratus leaves showed percentage inhibition which corresponds to 73.68 % at optimum concentration of 100 mg/cm3 and 86.84 % at an optimum concentration of 80 mg/cm3 after the 72 hours of the incubation period. This research work however, has unveiled the use of D. senegalense as potential therapeutics for cancer treatment especially in developing countries, and has added a new-found knowledge to science.
Abstract: Malignant cancer cells exhibit uncontrollable high proliferation similarly to meristematic cells of seeds, this led to the establishment that agents capable of producing antiproliferative effects are potential anticancer agents. The experimental plant used for this research was Sorghum bicolor seeds. The sole aim of this research work is to unveil ...
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The Expression and Significance of STAT6, VEGF and MVD in Nasal Polyps
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
47-50
Received:
15 February 2018
Accepted:
1 March 2018
Published:
22 March 2018
Abstract: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the expression levels of STAT6, VEGF and microvessel density (MVD) score in nasal polyp tissues and to explore the underlying relationships during the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. 40 cases with surgical removal of nasal polyps were included, comparing with control group of 10 inferior turbinate mucosal tissues resected from nasal septum deviation correction surgery, from the same time period. By immunohistochemistry, the protein expression levels of STAT6, VEGF and MVD were determined. The results showed that the positive expression rate of STAT6 in mucosal epithelium and glands of nasal polyp tissues was 70%, which was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0.01). The positive expression percentage of VEGF was 75%, which also higher than that in control group (P < 0.01). The MVD values in nasal polyp group was 22.67±7.54, while 7.04±2.63 in control group. The expression of STAT6 was closely related with the expression of VEGF and MVD, increasing with the level of VEGF and MVD. In general, the expression levels of STAT6, VEGF and MVD in nasal polyp group were increased and themselves were positively correlated, indicating the significant importance in the development of nasal polyp.
Abstract: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the expression levels of STAT6, VEGF and microvessel density (MVD) score in nasal polyp tissues and to explore the underlying relationships during the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. 40 cases with surgical removal of nasal polyps were included, comparing with control group of 10 inferior turbinate mucosal ...
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N-Nitrosation of Dimethylamine by Bacillus cereus Isolated from Fermented Palm Sap (Elaeis guineensis)
Adeleke G. E.,
Adedosu O. T.,
Oyewo E. B.,
Fatoki J. O.,
Abioye D. H.,
Ishola A. A.,
Maduagwu E. N.
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
51-61
Received:
31 December 2017
Accepted:
5 March 2018
Published:
27 March 2018
Abstract: This study investigated the nitrosating activities of intact cells and cell fractions of Bacillus cereus isolated from fermented palm wine (Elaeis guineensis) during incubation with dimethylamine and nitrite or nitrate. The pH values of the incubation mixtures were 7.2 ± 0.07 and 7.1 ± 0.07 in the presence of nitrite and nitrate, respectively. The N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) level in cell debris was significantly higher compared with cell extract, cell suspension and sterile controls. The time-course of NDMA formation in cell debris showed a significant (p < 0.05) early decline followed by an increase. The kinetic data obtained from Lineweaver-Burk plots of NDMA formation showed that Michaelis -Menten constant (Km) value was 37.5% lower, while initial velocity (Vmax) was 20.0% higher in cell debris relative to cell extract, when a fixed DMA concentration was used against varying nitrite concentrations. However, at a fixed nitrite concentration against varying DMA concentration, Km value was 44.4% lower, while Vmax was 166.7% higher in cell debris compared with cell extract. Investigation of nitrosation mechanism showed that Vmax values in the cell debris were 41.7, 50.0 and 55.6 μmol NDMA/mg protein, while the values were 34.5, 37.0 and 43.5 μmol NDMA/mg protein in cell extract for the respective three nitrite concentrations. This study has shown that intact Bacillus cereus cells catalyzed nitrosation of dimethylamine at near neutral pH, and the nitrosation, which was higher in cell debris than cell extract of the bacterium, followed a sequential mechanism of enzyme catalysis.
Abstract: This study investigated the nitrosating activities of intact cells and cell fractions of Bacillus cereus isolated from fermented palm wine (Elaeis guineensis) during incubation with dimethylamine and nitrite or nitrate. The pH values of the incubation mixtures were 7.2 ± 0.07 and 7.1 ± 0.07 in the presence of nitrite and nitrate, respectively. The ...
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Prediction and Depiction of Potential RNA-Based Therapeutics for Oncogenic E6 and E7 Genes of Human Papilloma Virus Types 16 & 18: A New Class of Treatment for Lung Cancer
Moinul Abedin Shuvo,
Sayeedul Alam Prince,
Arifuzzaman
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
62-69
Received:
2 February 2018
Accepted:
25 February 2018
Published:
2 April 2018
Abstract: Unlike almost all the cervical, penile, vulvar, and anal cancers, where Human papilloma virus has long known to play a vital role, a causative link between carcinogenic Human papilloma virus and lung cancer have been found to be highly variable and contradictory. Data also shows geography and race-dependenty. Apart from etiological factors, viral carcinogen can manipulate the cell cycle, hamper cell apoptosis and also interrupt the cell division in host cell which lead to the lung cancer. Molecular studies of carcinogenic Human papilloma virus have found that E6/E7 acts as mitotic mutators which play an important role in pathogenicity and oncogenicity. Analysis of genome sequence of Human papilloma virus revealed that ORF having conserved in early region, E6 and E7 required for viral pathogenicity and oncogenicity can be the suitable target for RNAi technology. RNAi works by silencing or turning off gene expression to control pathogenicity and oncogenicity by blocking its replication processes. Therefore, the work is done on the basis of rational siRNA designing method by targeting viral oncogenic E6 and E7 genes of Human papilloma virus types16 & 18. Searching siRNA target sequences, multiple sequence alignment, forecasting secondary structure and RNA-RNA interaction prediction was done by various computational software tools for designing RNA-based therapeutics (siRNA). In this study, four effective siRNA were predicted rationally for oncogenic E6 and E7 genes of Human papilloma virus types 16 & 18 which might be used as a potential RNA based therapeutics to control the rate of carcinogenesis and degree of oncogenicity. The outcome of this study provides a basis of the researchers towards understating to development of RNA-based therapeutics (siRNA) at genomic level.
Abstract: Unlike almost all the cervical, penile, vulvar, and anal cancers, where Human papilloma virus has long known to play a vital role, a causative link between carcinogenic Human papilloma virus and lung cancer have been found to be highly variable and contradictory. Data also shows geography and race-dependenty. Apart from etiological factors, viral c...
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Extensive Bone Lesions and Skin Lesions Revealing an Acute Transformation of an Extramedullary Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Bienvenu Houssou,
Mouna Lamchahab,
Halima Hadri,
Boubker Messoudi,
Abdeljabbar Messoudi,
Asma Quessar
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 2, June 2018
Pages:
70-73
Received:
13 March 2018
Accepted:
29 March 2018
Published:
5 May 2018
Abstract: Extramedullary blast transformation as the initial presentation of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with bone marrow remaining in the chronic phase is an unusual event. We report the case of a 30-year-old with chronic CML at the medullary level and an acute transformation revealed by extensive bone lyses and skin lesions. A 30-year-old man had cutaneous nodules, functional impotence and paresis. Radiological investigations revealed osteolytic lesions of the right humeral head, right clavicle, ribs, C5 and C7 vertebrae with medullary compression. Anatomo-pathological study and immunohistochemistry of nodules and osteolytic lesions resulted in granulocytic sarcoma with CD10 +, CD34 +, CD13 +, CD33 +, CD117 and MPO positive. The myelogram was in favor of chronic phase CML. He was put on imatinib, the chemotherapy could not be started because his condition was impaired and he dies by metabolic disorder. The acute transformation of chronic phase CML into extra marrow remains unusual. The care is a real challenge hence the need for consensual recommendations.
Abstract: Extramedullary blast transformation as the initial presentation of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia with bone marrow remaining in the chronic phase is an unusual event. We report the case of a 30-year-old with chronic CML at the medullary level and an acute transformation revealed by extensive bone lyses and skin lesions. A 30-year-old man had cutaneous no...
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