BRCA1 Promoter Hypermethylationas an Early Diagnostic Tool for Breast Cancer
Tehseen Hassan,
Showkat Ahmad Bhat,
Sabhiya Majid,
Manzoor R. Mir,
Purnima Shrivastava
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, March 2017
Pages:
9-13
Received:
1 May 2017
Accepted:
24 May 2017
Published:
23 June 2017
Abstract: Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women after cervical cancer. As Cancer development and progression is dictated by chain of alterations in genes. Over the past few years, the Kashmir valley has witnessed a tremendous increase in the incidence of breast cancer in its unexplored ethnic population. The aim of present study was to find out the role of Promoter Hypermethylation of BRCA1 gene in Breast cancer patients. Material Methods: The DNA was extracted from all the samples and was modified using bisulphite modification kit. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was used for the analysis of the promoter hypermethylation status of BRCA1 gene. Results: The epigenetic analysis revealed that unlike other high risk regions, Kashmiri population has a different promoterhypermethylation profile of BRCA1 gene as 68% of the cases showed BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation in comparison to 20% of the normal cases, the association of promoter hypermethylation with breast cancer and normal cases was found to be significant (P=0.0006). The frequency of BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation was found to be certainly higher in Stage III/IV (75%) compared to Stage I/ II (62%) but the difference was not statistically significant(P =0.0674). The frequency of promoter methylation was foundhigher (77.1%) in age group above 60- years) than ages below 60 years. Conclusion: These results suggest that BRCA1 aberrant promoter hypermethylation in Kashmiri population contributes to the process of carcinogenesis in breast cancer and is reportedly one of the commonest epigenetic changes in the development of breast cancer.
Abstract: Background: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women after cervical cancer. As Cancer development and progression is dictated by chain of alterations in genes. Over the past few years, the Kashmir valley has witnessed a tremendous increase in the incidence of breast cancer in its unexplored ethnic population. The aim of present st...
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Colorectal Cancer Demographics and Survival in a London Cancer Network
Roy Gurprashad,
Adil Khan,
Alex Oldman,
Clare Peckitt
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, March 2017
Pages:
14-19
Received:
6 June 2017
Accepted:
20 June 2017
Published:
20 July 2017
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine whether a relationship exists between age, ethnicity, gender and survival of patients within a London Cancer Network. All patients with non metastatic colorectal cancer diagnosed and treated within the South West London Cancer Network between January 2001 and January 2006 were included for analysis. Consent was gained from all hospitals within the London Cancer Network, and data was subsequently requested from the Thames Cancer Registry. In total, 3151 patients were analysed. The results demonstrated that from 2003 there was a yearly increase in new cancer diagnosis. The ratio of male to female patients was approximately equal over the time period (51.5% male, 48.5% female). The overall mean patient age at diagnosis was 70.76 years. Asian, black and mixed race patients had better survival rates than white European patients (hazard ratios 0.96, 0.87, 0.96 respectively). Patients in the age cohort ‘50-59 years’ had a 5 year survival rate of 57.8 months (hazard ratio 1.63), whilst the ‘under 40 years’ age cohort had the longest 5 year survival rate of 67.4 months. When comparing tumour sites, patients with rectosigmoid tumours had the lowest 5 year survival rate (hazard ratio 1.12), and those with rectal tumours (n=816, hazard ratio 0.88) had the longest 5 year survival rate. Median and overall survival for all patients was 38.84 months and 42.3% respectively. Surgery with neoadjuvant therapy resulted in the longest 5 year survival rate at 62.8%. Surgery alone had a 5 year survival rate of 43%. The results could be used to help design a prognostic indicator tool as a means by which to assist clinicians in providing patients with information on survival outcomes.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine whether a relationship exists between age, ethnicity, gender and survival of patients within a London Cancer Network. All patients with non metastatic colorectal cancer diagnosed and treated within the South West London Cancer Network between January 2001 and January 2006 were included for analysis. Consent ...
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