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Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors in Pediatric Age Group: A Clinicopathological Study over 21 Years in Eastern Rajasthan (India)
Rajendra Kumar Tanwar,
Bharti Saxena,
Shankar Lal Mohanpuria,
Harsh Goyal,
Laxmi Agarwal,
Madhu Saxena,
Man Mohan Agarwal
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
57-61
Received:
18 August 2020
Accepted:
3 September 2020
Published:
27 October 2020
Abstract: Background: The aim of this study is to analyze the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and treatment outcome of rare cases of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors in a government tertiary care hospital centre keeping fertility preservation surgery as a goal in young girls below 21 years of age. Methods: This is a retrospective study comprising of 24 patients diagnosed to have malignant ovarian germ cell tumors who attend the department of Radiation Oncology from 1998 to 2019 over 21 years period. The patients were evaluated on the basis of their age, obstetric history, investigations, and serum tumor markers estimation. All patients were staged according to FIGO, ECOG score were noted. Unilateral Salphingo oophorectomy (USO) with or without staging laparotomy surgery was done and BEP chemotherapy regimen was given. Response to treatment was evaluated by regular clinical examination, radiological and tumor marker studies. Results: In our study 17 patients were in FIGO stage III and 6 patients were in stage IV. The size of the primary tumor was 10-20 cm. in 15 patients. The various histology observed was-dysgerminoma -8, malignant teratoma-5, mixed germ cell tumor-5, yok sac tumor-4 and embryonal carcinoma in 2 patients. Eighteen patients underwent fertility preservation surgery i.e. USO - 15, and 3 patients underwent USO with staging laparotomy. In 14 patients 3-4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (BEP regimen) was administered and all of them achieved complete remission. Conclusion: Malignant ovarian germ cell tumors carries excellent prognosis in spite of advanced stage disease. Patients should be referred to oncology centre and to be operated by gynecologic oncologist/ oncosurgeon. Adjuvant chemotherapy should be given to achieve complete remission.
Abstract: Background: The aim of this study is to analyze the clinicopathological features, diagnosis and treatment outcome of rare cases of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors in a government tertiary care hospital centre keeping fertility preservation surgery as a goal in young girls below 21 years of age. Methods: This is a retrospective study comprising o...
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Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of Cervix: Report of a Rare Case and Review of Literature
Rajendra Kumar Tanwar,
Bharti Saxena,
Harsh Goyal,
Shagufta Siddiqui,
Rakesh Kumar Singh,
Ravindra Singh Gothwal,
Madhu Saxena
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
62-67
Received:
25 October 2020
Accepted:
5 November 2020
Published:
16 November 2020
Abstract: Background – Primitive neurocetodermal tumor / Ewing’s sarcoma (PNET/ES) of uterine cervix is extremely rare tumor and only 27 cases have so far been reported in the literature. We hereby present one case report diagnosed by histopathology and IHC and review of literature. Objective –A young girl aged 20 years was admitted. Her routine investigations and CT and MRI scan of chest, abdomen and pelvis were performed. Biopsy was taken from vaginal mass and histopathologist reported as round cell tumor. The slides were reviewed by another pathologist and found to be rhabdomyosarcoma. Thus immunohistopathology was done and a diagnosis of PNET/ES was established. Methods – The patient presented with complains of vaginal bleeding, generalized body ache, poor nutritional intake, found extensive loco regional disease with metastases to liver, lung and multiple bones, stage FIGO IV, performance score ECOG -4. Owing to her low general condition, we could not plan any anti-cancer treatment like chemotherapy or radiation therapy. She was discharged on symptomatic treatment. Results – Her biopsy and immunohistopathology turn out to be PNET/ES of uterine cervix. Conclusion - The rarity of this entity poses a challenge to pathologists and oncologists. The PNET/ES of uterine cervix can be potentially curable if presented at an early stage and found operable. IHC plays an important role in establishing this rare diagnosis.
Abstract: Background – Primitive neurocetodermal tumor / Ewing’s sarcoma (PNET/ES) of uterine cervix is extremely rare tumor and only 27 cases have so far been reported in the literature. We hereby present one case report diagnosed by histopathology and IHC and review of literature. Objective –A young girl aged 20 years was admitted. Her routine investigatio...
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Identification of 11 Differentially Expressed Hub Genes and Their Upstream microRNAs in Nasal-type NK/T-cell Lymphoma Based on Clinical Sample Analysis
Daxia Cai,
Ying Yang,
Zewei Jiang,
Dongmei He
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
68-81
Received:
27 October 2020
Accepted:
13 November 2020
Published:
23 November 2020
Abstract: Nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma (nasal-type NKTL) is one of the most lethal cancers for. Our study aimed to identify hub differentially expressed genes (DE- genes) and their upstream microRNAs between nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma (NKTL) tumor samples and normal nasal tissues through integrated bioinformatics. The 503 DE-genes and 106 DE-miRNAs were identified between NKTL and human normal nasal samples. GO and KEGG analysis were significantly enriched in meiotic recombination, regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion, deubiquitination, enriched in meiotic recombination, regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusion, and stem cell division. And 11 differential expression hub genes and their upstream microRNAs were identified between nasal-type NKTL and normal nasal samples. In summary, after a series of analyses, we found that 11 hub DE-genes and their upstream DE-miRNAs (CDC27- miR-548c-3p, FREM2- miR-373*, ARHGAP29-miR-548c-3p, QSER1-miR-548c-3p, CD3EAP-miR-149*, SF3A1- miR-548c-3p, AQP4-miR-29b, ZFP36L2-miR-142-3p, SRP72-miR-16, TSC22D2-miR-16, TSC22D2-let-7f, DOCK5-miR-16) between nasal-type NKTL and normal nasal samples. They are highly likely to be serve as promising biomarkers in nasal-type NKTL.
Abstract: Nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma (nasal-type NKTL) is one of the most lethal cancers for. Our study aimed to identify hub differentially expressed genes (DE- genes) and their upstream microRNAs between nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma (NKTL) tumor samples and normal nasal tissues through integrated bioinformatics. The 503 DE-genes and 106 DE-miRNAs were ...
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FKBPL Is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltrates and T Cells Exhaustion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Feng Tian,
Lifu Wang,
Baiqiang Ma,
Bingzhen Li,
Daxia Cai
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
82-93
Received:
11 November 2020
Accepted:
20 November 2020
Published:
27 November 2020
Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. And FKBPL plays a crucial role on the development of cancers. This study aims to explore the prognostic potential of FKBPL and comprehensively analyze the correlations between FKBPL, immune infiltration, and T cells function in HCC. GEO database, Oncomine databases, TIMER2.0 and GEPIA2 were used to analyze FKBPL expression, relationship between FKBPL expression and survival of HCC patients as well as immune infiltration, related gene marker sets and T cells exhaustion in HCC. We used STRING database to analysis PPI (protein-protein interaction) for FKBPL and visualization by Cytoscape. Metascape was used for enrichment analysis. FKBPL upregulates in most of the cancer types including HCC. Survival analysis demonstrated that FKBPL shows significant impact on survival of HCC patients with overall survival and disease-free survival. And survival rate of HCC patients with high FKBPL expression was significantly correlated with race, gender and tumor purity of HCC patients. Moreover, FKBPL expression positively correlates with high immune infiltration levels in most of the immune cells and functional T cells including exhausted T cells, Th1, Th2 and Tfh. Specifically, multiple key genes of exhausted T cells comprising PD-1, CTLA4, LAG3, TIM-3, and GZMB have remarkable interaction with FKBPL. At last, we found10 genes including PRRT1, ANKRD49, RBCK1, CSNK1D, HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, GTSE1, CDKN1A, AVPR2, and EGFL8 were interacted with FKBPL. Enrichment analysis showed that apoptotic signaling pathway, regulation of myeloid cell differentiation, cell death in response to oxidative stress, PIP3 activates AKT signaling may involve in HCC tumor progression about FKBPL. In conclusion, FKBPL is a potential prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates and T cells exhaustion in HCC.
Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. And FKBPL plays a crucial role on the development of cancers. This study aims to explore the prognostic potential of FKBPL and comprehensively analyze the correlations between FKBPL, immune infiltration, and T cells function in HCC. GEO database, Oncomine da...
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Precancerous Cervical Lesion Among Women in Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tesfay Temesgen,
Girmay Adhena,
Zerihun Figa
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
94-99
Received:
1 September 2020
Accepted:
19 September 2020
Published:
16 December 2020
Abstract: Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women in the world and particularly in Africa. Countries of the glob adopted proven the importance of precancerous lesion screening. However, cervical cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of precancerous cervical lesions among women screened at public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 234 women screened in five public hospitals of Addis Ababa selected by systematic sampling technique. Data were collected by interview using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire. The association of the variable was done by using binary and multiple logistic regressions and a 95% confidence interval were computed to determine the level of significance. Variable with P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of cervical precancerous lesion was 14.1% [(95% CI: (9.4, 18.8)]. Having multiple sexual partners ((AOR = 4.17, 95% CI: (1.3, 13.36)], Being human immune virus positive (HIV) [AOR = 8.16, 95% CI: (2.08, 32.09)], early initiation of sex (before 18 years old) [AOR = 2.34, 95% CI: (1.13, 5.7)], having history of sexual transmitted disease [AOR = 9.97, 95% CI: (2.98, 33.4) and, having a husband with history of sexual transmitted disease [AOR = 4.07, 95% CI: (1.35, 12.3)] were factors significantly associate with the risk of being positive with precancerous cervical lesion. Conclusion: A significant number of women were positive for visual inspection with acetic acid screening (precancerous cervical lesion). Enhancing early cervical cancer screening and addressing community awareness on comprehensive sexual and reproductive health issues tailored to age and culture and early treatment of sexually transmitted diseases are important measures to decrease the problem.
Abstract: Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women in the world and particularly in Africa. Countries of the glob adopted proven the importance of precancerous lesion screening. However, cervical cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. This study...
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Castleman Disease in Children from Histopathology to Therapy
Asmaa Hamoda,
Hanaa Rashad,
Ola Ahmad,
Hala Reda,
Iman Zaki,
Naglaa Elkinaai,
Mohamed Sedki,
Alaa El Hadad,
Samah Semary
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, December 2020
Pages:
100-103
Received:
11 April 2020
Accepted:
15 December 2020
Published:
22 December 2020
Abstract: Background: Castleman disease (CD) describes a group of rare lymphoproliferative disorder with characteristic histopathology. It presents with heterogeneous clinical features whether unicentric (UC) or multicentric disease (MCD). The aim of the work was to describe clinic-pathological characteristics, management and outcome of different types of castleman disease in CCHE. It is a retrospective study, all children with (CD) treated from July 2007 till end of 2017 were analyzed as regard diagnosis, management and outcome. The results showed that, twelve patients with a median age of 11.5 years (ranging from 4 - to 17 years) were enrolled. Eight of them (66.6%) were males and 4 (33.3%) were females (33.3%). Histopathology was either hyaline vascular in 8 patients (66.6%) or plasma cell variant in 4 patients (33.3%). Nine patients (75%) had uni-centric disease (UC) with lymphadenopathy. Three patients (25%) were multi-centric disease (MCD); out of them one patient had immune bi-cytopenia, small intestinal thickening and splenomegaly and another one had extensive pulmonary involvement and respiratory distress, while the third patient had pleural effusion and ascites. HIV antibody was negative for all patients. Regarding the three MCD patients, IL-6 was normal in one patient, and extremely high in second one, while it hasn’t been done for the third patient. All UC patients underwent surgical excision and are alive with no active disease till now. All MCD patients received systemic steroids as initial therapy, followed by R- CHOP (Rituximab-cyclophosphamide-doxorubicin-vincristine-prednisone) as salvage therapy, except for one patient with pulmonary involvement who didn’t achieved clinical response and received single agent Rituximab with Anti IL-6. Unfortunately this patient is still having uncontrolled systemic manifestation, while the other two patients showed partial response. In conclusion, Uni-centric castleman disease is a localized surgically cured disease. MCD treatment remains challenging, and the outcome is controversial, so Uniform treatment guidelines are mandatory.
Abstract: Background: Castleman disease (CD) describes a group of rare lymphoproliferative disorder with characteristic histopathology. It presents with heterogeneous clinical features whether unicentric (UC) or multicentric disease (MCD). The aim of the work was to describe clinic-pathological characteristics, management and outcome of different types of ca...
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