Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Simvastatin on Human Dental Pulp Cells
Kanwal Maheshwari,
Vijay Maheshwari,
Laisheng Chou
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, September 2023
Pages:
59-66
Received:
4 September 2023
Accepted:
25 September 2023
Published:
9 October 2023
Abstract: Statins, specifically hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors (HMG-Co-A), are well-recognized for their capacity to reduce plasma cholesterol levels. Nevertheless, a comprehensive investigation into the biocompatibility of Simvastatin with human dental pulp cells has been somewhat lacking. The principal objective of this study was to conduct an in-depth examination of the effects of varying concentrations of Simvastatin on critical aspects such as cell attachment, proliferation, toxicity, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in normal human dental pulp cells. To execute this, dental pulp cells derived from healthy human pulp tissue were subjected to Simvastatin treatments at concentrations ranging from 1 µmol/L to 100 µmol/L, with a control group at 0 µmol/L. The evaluation encompassed an assessment of cell attachment at a 16-hour interval. Subsequent investigations spanned proliferation rates and cytotoxicity assessments conducted at 7, 14, and 21 days. Additional analyses included cell cycle progression and apoptotic events at 1- and 3 days post-treatment. The statistical analysis relied on ANOVA, with a significance threshold set at p-values of ≤0.05. The results yielded several noteworthy findings. Notably, a concentration of 25 µmol/L demonstrated a substantial and statistically significant enhancement (p < 0.001) in cell attachment efficiency. However, it became evident that all tested concentrations of Simvastatin led to a marked reduction in the proliferation rate (p < 0.001) and a concurrent increase in cytotoxicity (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the analysis of cell cycle progression and apoptosis revealed a progressive and statistically significant increase with the passage of time (p < 0.001). In summary, the outcomes of this investigation underscore a prominent adverse effect of Simvastatin on normal human dental pulp cells. Specifically, this statin appears to detrimentally influence cell proliferation and overall cell viability through the induction of apoptosis, as indicated by the findings of this study.
Abstract: Statins, specifically hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors (HMG-Co-A), are well-recognized for their capacity to reduce plasma cholesterol levels. Nevertheless, a comprehensive investigation into the biocompatibility of Simvastatin with human dental pulp cells has been somewhat lacking. The principal objective of this study was to ...
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Study of the Effect of Gallium Replacement by Thallium in CuGa(1-x)TlxS2 Structure by First-Principles Calculations on CASTEP
Sangare Kassoum,
Diomande Sékou,
Bede Affoué Lucie
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, September 2023
Pages:
67-74
Received:
2 September 2023
Accepted:
26 September 2023
Published:
14 October 2023
Abstract: A natural extension of the zinc-blende compounds from which they crystallographically derive, chalcopyrites are of great interest to the scientific community. Indeed, this family of compounds has many applications, from optoelectronics to diiodes electroluminescence. In order to improve their properties, the current study employs first-principles calculations using the CASTEP software to investigate the effect of gallium substitutional by thallium atoms (TlGa) in the CuGaS2 (CGS) chalcopyrite structure. The effect, including structural, electrical and optical properties was studied. Several representatives semiconductors CuGa(1-x)TlxS2 were studied, x represents the atomic ratio of Thallium taken from 0 to 40. Properties, convergence of the cutoff energy and the K-mesh were carried out based on first-principles calculations of density functional theory (DFT). The optimized cutoff energy and the optimized K-mesh was found to be 420 eV, 6 6 3 respectively. The results show that, TlGa doping induced intermediate band (IB), which can be ascribed to donors’ states. That results in a shift of the conduction band minimum (CBM) of CGS towards lower energies. When increasing Tl atomic ratio, the band gap energy decreases from 0.758 (x=0) to 0.172 eV (x=0.40). From optical properties study, CuGa0.78Tl0.22S2, CuGa0.67Tl0.33S2, CuGa0.60Tl0.40S2 showed high absorption coefficient in visible light range, at ca. 1.5 eV. These results suggest that the substitution of Ga by Tl can significantly impact the optical and electrical properties of compounds may have potential applications in photovoltaic, photocatalytic and optoelectronic devices.
Abstract: A natural extension of the zinc-blende compounds from which they crystallographically derive, chalcopyrites are of great interest to the scientific community. Indeed, this family of compounds has many applications, from optoelectronics to diiodes electroluminescence. In order to improve their properties, the current study employs first-principles c...
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Research Article
Research & Application of the Cracking Resistance Test Method of Base-Coat & Render
Zhang Yinxiang,
Wang Zhaojia,
Chen Xiangjuan,
Huang Tianyong
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 5, September 2023
Pages:
75-82
Received:
13 September 2023
Accepted:
4 October 2023
Published:
28 October 2023
Abstract: The cracking resistance of base-coat & render are important for ETICS. The current cracking resistance test method can not correctly characterize the cracking resistance of base-coat & render. The suitability of the self-developed test method for cracking resistance and the existing methods was studied and compared. The results show: the value of the ultra flexural-displacement by the new test method is more suitable for representing the cracking resistance performance than the impact resistance, the ratio of compressive/flexural strength, the tensile strength, the transverse deformation. The new test method developed by ourselves can directly compared the correlation between mesh specimens and non-mesh specimens, accurately test the effect of fiberglass mesh in the render. The value of the ultra flexural-displacement of base-coat is nearly linear positive correlation with the amount of the VAE emulsion powder in the base-coat. The fiberglass mesh is important for the render cracking resistance. The position of the mesh in the render can significantly influence the render cracking resistance. As the sample with mesh in fixed position, whether cracking is mainly depend on the base-coat, whereas whether breaking is mainly depend on the mesh. The research results have provided a direct basis for the establishment of relevant standards; should be helpful to solve the industry problem that the surface of ETICS engineering is easy to crack.
Abstract: The cracking resistance of base-coat & render are important for ETICS. The current cracking resistance test method can not correctly characterize the cracking resistance of base-coat & render. The suitability of the self-developed test method for cracking resistance and the existing methods was studied and compared. The results show: the value of t...
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