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Target Killings in Karachi, Pakistan
Muhammad Anjum Saeed,
Rao Nadeem Alam
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, April 2016
Pages:
7-15
Received:
5 February 2016
Accepted:
29 February 2016
Published:
28 March 2016
Abstract: Target killing has become a worse phenomenon and it is difficult to justify the state’s atrocities against her citizens. States are adopted this tool for controlling uprising and mutiny within the legitimate boundaries. This paper tries to find out the basic reasons for target killing. This paper also instigates the rise of ethic extremism in Pakistan particularly in Karachi.
Abstract: Target killing has become a worse phenomenon and it is difficult to justify the state’s atrocities against her citizens. States are adopted this tool for controlling uprising and mutiny within the legitimate boundaries. This paper tries to find out the basic reasons for target killing. This paper also instigates the rise of ethic extremism in Pakis...
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Decisive Is What the Tattoo Shows: Differences in Criminal Behavior Between Tattooed and Non-tattooed People
Nina Zeiler,
Erich Kasten
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, April 2016
Pages:
16-20
Received:
14 February 2016
Accepted:
28 February 2016
Published:
29 March 2016
Abstract: Background: Many people have prejudices that subjects with tattoos have a tendency to criminal behavior. This article deals with the question if there really are differences in the inclination to criminal behavior between tattooed and non-tattooed people. Method: The investigation was conducted using 15 short descriptions of criminal behavior, which represent different crimes i.e. theft, burglary, malicious damage, consuming drugs, drinking alcohol in public transport or acting violent. The participants had to rate from zero to ten how they would react in these situations. A total of 110 persons (average age 23.5 y., 66.4% male, 33.6% female; 55% no tattoo, 45% tattooed) were interviewed. Results: There was a small but significant difference between tattooed and non-tattooed people. Interestingly there was a significant intra-group difference between more pacific and more aggressive tattoo themes. In consideration of the gender, the number of tattoos and the visibility of tattoo no significant differences or correlations were discovered. Conclusion: Decisive for the tendency toward criminal behavior is not, whether someone has a tattoo or not; more important is what the tattoo shows. Apparently people with aggressive tattoos are more prone to criminal behavior, but not people with peaceful tattoos.
Abstract: Background: Many people have prejudices that subjects with tattoos have a tendency to criminal behavior. This article deals with the question if there really are differences in the inclination to criminal behavior between tattooed and non-tattooed people. Method: The investigation was conducted using 15 short descriptions of criminal behavior, whic...
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A Formulation to Eradicate Bureacratic Corruption in Indonesia: A Model of Ethics in Public Administration
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, April 2016
Pages:
21-25
Received:
24 March 2016
Accepted:
5 April 2016
Published:
6 May 2016
Abstract: This study tried to reveal ways to reduce bureaucratic corruption that occurred in the institutions of government agencies. Bureaucratic corruption phenomenon almost spreaded in various state structures. Most studies on bureaucratic corruption had not been able to devise means and strategies that were best in handling and reducing corruption. The results of this study also tried to offer the formulation of a new formula to eradicate corruption in Indonesia Bureaucracy through Public Administration Ethical Approach. The method used in this study described the use of literature review, which deepens various concepts of corruption eradication of bureaucracy in the literature data, read, record and process materials that formulated the theory of a formula that was expected to be the first clue to the bureaucracy of corruption eradication in Indonesia.Several theories were used in formulating the theory, among others: Teleological, Deontological; and Virtue Ethics in the Ethics Administration. Teleological theory emphasized the good and bad aspects as well as the causes and consequences of bureaucratic corruption. Deontological theory emphasized the right or bad, either an action does not depend on the outcome rather than the compulsory nature of the act itself. Deontological ethics assume that acts of corruption are things of any bad consequences. The theory of virtue ethics emphasized "good character" as evidenced by integrity. Virtue ethics could be understood from the order from the soul to do something well. The results of this study concluded that the reduction of bureaucratic corruption ideally starts from the strengthening of ethical values that are useful to distinguish between the good and the bad; better consistency of actions; morals for the government; promoting honesty and fairness; both administrative and legal actions across the government bureaucracy in Indonesia. Similarly, some of the options in reducing bureaucratic corruption are namely: needs for greater control over participatory community social dynamics; and criticism and supervision of bureaucratic behavior. The study concludes that, the corruption of the bureaucracy can be reduced if the integrity of state officials, virtue and conscience of the government to end the bad deeds is achieved.
Abstract: This study tried to reveal ways to reduce bureaucratic corruption that occurred in the institutions of government agencies. Bureaucratic corruption phenomenon almost spreaded in various state structures. Most studies on bureaucratic corruption had not been able to devise means and strategies that were best in handling and reducing corruption. The r...
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Construction and Value Orientation of City Reading Index System in Digital Reading Era
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, April 2016
Pages:
26-31
Received:
21 May 2016
Published:
24 May 2016
Abstract: Due to the use of Internet and development of new media, reading demands and reading actions have dramatically changed in Information Age. It is of great importance that how to form a scientific and objective city reading index, which is in accordance with the characteristics of this age. Under this background, many cities in China try to establish their own city reading index system which can effectively promote city reading to systematize, normalize and standardize. This paper is based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method for scientific research, and takes existing index system of city reading for reference while uses the index system of Chengdu for empirical example. By this means, it explains the construction ideas and methods of city reading index systems in digital reading era and comes up with some understandings of value orientation of city reading index systems.
Abstract: Due to the use of Internet and development of new media, reading demands and reading actions have dramatically changed in Information Age. It is of great importance that how to form a scientific and objective city reading index, which is in accordance with the characteristics of this age. Under this background, many cities in China try to establish...
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Exploring the Concept of Ghetto
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, April 2016
Pages:
32-36
Received:
9 March 2016
Accepted:
25 March 2016
Published:
27 May 2016
Abstract: The existence of ghetto is an intractable problem in the field of city studies from ancient time to current society. The unclear concept of ghetto is one of the most controversial theme and various scholars put forward different ideas that are based on empirical, historical or social point of view. This paper tends to explore an explicit concept of ghetto by analyzing three popularly accepted examples of real ghetto and various scholars’ views.
Abstract: The existence of ghetto is an intractable problem in the field of city studies from ancient time to current society. The unclear concept of ghetto is one of the most controversial theme and various scholars put forward different ideas that are based on empirical, historical or social point of view. This paper tends to explore an explicit concept of...
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