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The Study of Lineage and Privacy of the Child Resulting from Gamete and Embryo Donation in Islamic Jurisprudence and Iranian Law
Mohammad Moradi,
Ehsan Heydari Motlagh
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
144-152
Received:
5 August 2014
Accepted:
9 September 2014
Published:
20 September 2014
Abstract: The embryo donation has been studied by many scientists and practitioners after the approval of the act of the embryo donation to infertile couples in 1382. The main question posed here is concerned with the lineage and intimacy status of this donation for the child and also “to whom does the child belong”? To answer this question this result was obtained that in Iranian law, the complete assignment of the child to the applicant couple has not been accepted. Iranian law is also silent on lineage field. But from jurisprudents point of view and regarding verses and traditions, the child’s original parents are the owners of ovule and sperm and also about the lineage of the owner of uterus, she is the child’s “consented” mother. If the child is a girl as she is served as the father’s stepdaughter, he would be confident to the child. The objective of this study was to clarify the child lineage induced by embryo donation with donors and receivers in Iranian law. To write this thesis, a library method has been used. At the end of the writing some recommendations have been proposed that are useful to solve some of the present and future problems.
Abstract: The embryo donation has been studied by many scientists and practitioners after the approval of the act of the embryo donation to infertile couples in 1382. The main question posed here is concerned with the lineage and intimacy status of this donation for the child and also “to whom does the child belong”? To answer this question this result was ...
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Predictors of Intentions Not to Use the Female Condom among University of Botswana Students
Tsholofelo Cedric Nkobodo
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
153-161
Received:
14 September 2014
Accepted:
25 September 2014
Published:
10 October 2014
Abstract: This article presents an assessment of predictors of intentions not to use the female condom among University of Botswana students. The female condom seemed the right response to contraception and HIV/AIDS prevention interventions that empower women and address gender inequalities. However, the method’s worldwide acceptability has been dodged with uncertainty as a result of its low uptake despite the fact that women and girls continue to be affected and infected by HIV/AIDS more than their male counterparts. To the best knowledge of the researcher, unacceptability of this method has not been extensively researched on in Botswana thus far despite numerous concerns surrounding the nonuse of this method. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of University of Botswana students. A total of 1410 students were interviewed. The study targeted university students who ever had sex as their acceptability of the method could lead to broader acceptability among the general population as they poses attributes of people receptive to new technologies. The data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. Bivariate analysis results indicated that intentions not to use the female condom were more pronounced among females than males. Multivariate analysis results indicated that negative prejudice towards the method (OR = 2.687, p < 0.01), lack of exposure to female condom campaigns (OR = 2.647, p < 0.01), misconceptions (OR = 2.462, p < 0.01), source of first ever information on the method (OR = 0.476, p < 0.01), believing the female condom was never adequately promoted in Botswana (OR = 2.302, p < 0.05) and believing there is no need for female condoms (OR = 4.911, p < 0.001) were principal predictors of intentions not to use the female condom. This study findings call for intensifying campaigns promoting the use of the method as a contraceptive and barrier method against HIV/AIDS among university students as their acceptability of the method could lead to broader acceptability among the general population. The government needs to focus on programming that emphasizes educating the public about this method using health care service providers as the main drivers of campaigns for the use of this method. Education will increase knowledge about this method and help curb negative information shared among the public concerning female condoms.
Abstract: This article presents an assessment of predictors of intentions not to use the female condom among University of Botswana students. The female condom seemed the right response to contraception and HIV/AIDS prevention interventions that empower women and address gender inequalities. However, the method’s worldwide acceptability has been dodged with ...
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Childhood Aggression in Ogun State, Nigeria: Fallout from Violent Movies Viewing
James Adeniyi Adekoya,
Abiodun Adekunle Ogunola
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
162-169
Received:
26 September 2014
Accepted:
14 October 2014
Published:
10 November 2014
Abstract: The level of aggression shown by children particularly during their formative and educational years have been found to be associated with the volume and type of aggression and violence they watch n the television. The study sample consisted of 199 students drawn from a secondary school in Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State. Video films consisting of violent scenes were shown to the participants for a period of time after which they were examined for their level of aggression after watching the films. The results showed that participants who were exposed to viewing violent movie reported higher level of aggression than those who are exposed to non-violent movies (t = 3.593, df = 197, p>0.05). The result also showed that female participants reported a higher level of verbal aggression than their male counterparts (t = 0.002 df = 197, p<0.05). The study opined that young children need to be monitored in the selection of what they watch on television because they could be easily influenced or prone to imitating any action they observe on the screens.
Abstract: The level of aggression shown by children particularly during their formative and educational years have been found to be associated with the volume and type of aggression and violence they watch n the television. The study sample consisted of 199 students drawn from a secondary school in Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State. Video films consisting of violent sce...
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Socio-Cultural Factors to Breaking through the Glass Ceiling: A Case Study of University of Ghana, Legon
Hannah Benedicta Taylor-Abdulai,
Lipsey Samuel Appiah-Kwapong,
Grace Sintim-Adasi,
Emelia Sarpong,
Akosua Darkwa
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
170-176
Received:
16 October 2014
Accepted:
29 October 2014
Published:
20 November 2014
Abstract: The study looked at socio-cultural factors that impede women faculty career progress. A total of 142 faculties made up of 33 females and 109 males were sampled for the study using a stratified sampling strategy from the faculties, schools and institutes. Using a mixed method, the study compared male and female faculty of the University of Ghana, Legon using a proxy of roles and responsibilities both at home to find out which gender has more responsibilities in taking care of family and home. The findings in the study show the prevalence of subtle gender discrimination mechanisms that hinder women’s opportunities for career advancement and other career opportunities. The study shows that the university does not effectively create the necessary conditions to support mothers with children under two years. The invisibility of female faculty is as a result of their roles as wives and mothers, which invariably leaves them with little or no time to participate in informal networks. The study found that many women than men experience conflict regarding their ability to simultaneously play the role of wife, mother and worker. The study recommends that in order for the University of Ghana, Legon to retain those women who are already in the system, it is necessary to give them responsibilities that would increase their skills in leadership positions. Structural changes, such as "family friendly" policies in the form of flexible faculty meeting time may also be helpful so that female faculty with children can participate effectively in the university.
Abstract: The study looked at socio-cultural factors that impede women faculty career progress. A total of 142 faculties made up of 33 females and 109 males were sampled for the study using a stratified sampling strategy from the faculties, schools and institutes. Using a mixed method, the study compared male and female faculty of the University of Ghana, Le...
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Women in Bangladesh Civil Service: Stumbling Blocks towards the Way of Participation
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2014
Pages:
177-182
Received:
3 November 2014
Accepted:
11 November 2014
Published:
20 November 2014
Abstract: Bangladesh is considered as a developing country, half of the total population comprises women. Their socioeconomic condition is poor. The position of women in the family is very complex regarding different aspects like tradition, security, and equality of men-women, social dignity and for multifaceted stress. Here participation of men and women social development activities is not equal. Many activities of women are not counted as productive work. Consequently, socioeconomic development cannot be achieved in the real sense without the strong participation of women at the decision making activities in society. According to practice of our society, Women are leg behind culturally, socially and economically. All kinds of conveniences and chances are needed to be delivered to ensure active participation of women in all spheres of life. The government is the largest employer in Bangladesh. Therefore, women’s inclusion in different cadre service is very noteworthy and needs superior attention from for the appointment of women in Bangladesh Civil Service (BCS). The Government of Bangladesh (GOB) has already taken some policy measures to ensure justifiable participation of women in the civil service arena. A quota system was introduced by GOB to increase participation of women in the government service sector. Yet the presentation of women in government services has not got a reasonable level. Hence, detecting the stumbling blocks of women's participation in the BCS and take necessary steps to remove the stumbling blocks is the main purpose of my research. An effort has been made in this paper to evaluate the prevalent employment status of women in BCS cadres with a focus on the stumbling blocks faced by the women civil servants which discourage participate them in the BCS.
Abstract: Bangladesh is considered as a developing country, half of the total population comprises women. Their socioeconomic condition is poor. The position of women in the family is very complex regarding different aspects like tradition, security, and equality of men-women, social dignity and for multifaceted stress. Here participation of men and women so...
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