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Growth of Abelmoshus esculentus L. (Okra) and Telfairia occidentalis Hook F. (Fluted Pumpkin) Treated with Beauty Salon Wastewater
Akinbuwa Olumakinde,
Kekere Otitoloju,
Ezemba Constance
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, March 2019
Pages:
31-37
Received:
9 November 2018
Accepted:
13 December 2018
Published:
13 April 2019
Abstract: Waste water has been identified as a widespread problem in all categories of dense settlements in Africa due to poor or absence of waste management. Beauty salons generate large amount of waste water and its indiscriminate discharge into water drains in Nigeria predisposes home gardens and water sources for irrigation to contamination, thus having contact with crops and affecting their growth. In view of this, two widely grown field and home garden vegetables in Nigeria, Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Okra) and Telfairia occidentalis HOOK F. (Fluted pumpkin), treated with beauty salon wastewater (BSWW) were assessed for growth. The plants were cultivated in experimental pots and irrigated with 0(control), 25, 50, 75 or 100% concentration of the wastewater. The experiment lasted for eight weeks and laid out in a completely randomized (CRD) design with each treatment having 6 single-plant replicates. The height of both plants increased significantly at 25-75% concentrations of BSWW when wastewater-treated plants were compared with the control. T. occidentalis produced significantly (p≤0.05) more number of leaves at 50% BSWW than the control when plants irrigated with waste water were compared with the control. The highest increase in number of A. esculentus leaves was also significant at 75% BSWW concentration. Significant (p≤0.05) increase in leaf area of T. occidentalis was recorded at 75% concentration of BSWW with 78.83cm2 compared to 48.85cm2 in the control. Similarly, A. esculentus had the highest value of leaf area that was significant at 75% concentration of wastewater when plants exposed to waste water treatment were compared with the control. At 25-75% concentrations of BSWW, a significant (p≤0.05) increase in stem girth of both plants was recorded relative to plants without wastewater treatment. The use of beauty salon wastewater in irrigation of vegetables can serve as an alternative source of fertilizer for improved growth.
Abstract: Waste water has been identified as a widespread problem in all categories of dense settlements in Africa due to poor or absence of waste management. Beauty salons generate large amount of waste water and its indiscriminate discharge into water drains in Nigeria predisposes home gardens and water sources for irrigation to contamination, thus having ...
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The Performance of Wheat Varieties in Resisting the Drought at Nilphamari District of Bangladesh
Matiur Rahman,
Meghna Guhathakurta,
Musfikur Rahman
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, March 2019
Pages:
38-44
Received:
31 October 2018
Accepted:
15 April 2019
Published:
28 June 2019
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of resisting the drought to wheat varieties at three Upazilas of Nilphamari district of Bangladesh namely, Saidpur, Nilphamari Sadar and Jaldhaka. The main objectives that the study aimed to achieve include, (i) identification of drought stress tolerant wheat varieties by the small and marginal farmers through adaptive trials thus found more productive and profitable; and (ii) demonstration of modern wheat cultivation technologies generated awareness, improved knowledge, attitude and perceived adoption of modern wheat production among the demonstrating as well as neighbouring farmers. Four separate trials for identification of drought stress tolerant varieties were planned and implemented using Split-Plot design. Crop production technologies as recommended by BARI were used in the trials. Study findings showed comparatively lower yield in ‘zero’ irrigation i.e. rainfed condition in all the varieties (ranging from 3.89 tons to 4.05 tons/ha, average being 3.97 tons/ha) as against single irrigation (4.07 tons-4.61 tons/ha, average being 4.32 tons/ha), two irrigation (4.11 tons–4.59 tons/ha, average being 4.41tons/ha) and three irrigations (4.56 tons–4.94 tons, average being 4.70 tons/ha). The yield difference between ‘0' & 1,1 & 2, and 2 & 3 irrigations did not reveal a significant difference in most of the varieties. But in most of the varieties, significant differences were observed between ‘0' and 3 irrigations. In ‘0' irrigation, all the varieties performed similar with respect to yield, but BARI Gom21 performed slightly better over the other varieties.
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the performance of resisting the drought to wheat varieties at three Upazilas of Nilphamari district of Bangladesh namely, Saidpur, Nilphamari Sadar and Jaldhaka. The main objectives that the study aimed to achieve include, (i) identification of drought stress tolerant wheat varieties by the small and ma...
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Evaluation of the Storage Quality of Coconut Seed Using Extracts of Mangifera indica Against Ceratocysis paradoxa, the Bole Rot Fungus
Okwelle Austin Achinike,
George Tubo Stephen
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, March 2019
Pages:
45-49
Received:
10 December 2018
Accepted:
21 May 2019
Published:
1 July 2019
Abstract: The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera Linn) is undoubtedly the most economically important species in the palm family of Areacacea. Coconut meal is solely prepared from the coconut seed which, has been found to be attacked by several disease causing microorganisms especially Ceratocysis paradoxa, a fungus that causes the devastating Bole rot disease. The study is designed to assess the storage stability of coconut seed by applying bioorganic extracts of Mangifera indica on the bole rot pathogen, Ceratocysis paradoxa. Four different concentrations (3, 6, 9 and 12 %) of the stem and root extracts of M. indica were obtained using a fair-fold sterile cheese cloth and tested on the fungus cultured on plates of Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium. Data obtained was analysed using the two-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The result showed significant fungal mycelial growth inhibition with the 9% root extract concentration than the stem extracts concentrations. The antifungal properties of M. indica root extract can be further harnessed, processed and packaged as one of the natural bioorganic alternatives to chemical fungicides.
Abstract: The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera Linn) is undoubtedly the most economically important species in the palm family of Areacacea. Coconut meal is solely prepared from the coconut seed which, has been found to be attacked by several disease causing microorganisms especially Ceratocysis paradoxa, a fungus that causes the devastating Bole rot disease. Th...
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Role of Dendrtic Cells in IgA Nephropathy Pathogenesis
Zhi Xiao,
Binbin Wang,
Shufang Li
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 2, March 2019
Pages:
50-57
Received:
26 August 2019
Published:
27 September 2019
Abstract: Objective to discuss the possible role and mechanism of DCs in IgAN attack. Method Stimulating factors such as recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF), recombinant human interleukin-4 (rhIL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) etc. were used in vitro jointly to induce and culture DCs, a flow cytometry was used to detect expression of HLA-DR, CD83 and CDla of DCs membrane surface molecules, the MTT method was used to detect capacity of DCs of the IgAN patient group to stimulate proliferation of allogeneic T cells and the difference between the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 12 (IL-12) secreted by DCs and that of the normal control group. Result Combined application of cytokines GM-CSF, IL-4 and TNF-a is able to induce proliferation and differentiation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell into a mature dendritic cell. The surface of mature dendritic cells highly expresses human leucocyte antigen HLA-DR and surface maturity markers of relative specificity of dendritic cells, CD83 and CD1a. The capacity of DCs of the IgAN patient group to stimulate allogeneic T lymphocyte proliferation is higher than that of the normal control group and the difference has statistical significance (P<0.05). The capacity of DCs of the patient group influenced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate allogeneic T lymphocyte proliferation significantly increases compared with that of DCs of the patient group not influenced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the difference has statistical significance (P<0.05). The IL-6 secreted by the DCs of the IgAN patient group is higher than that of the normal control group and the difference between the two groups has statistical significance (P<0.05). The IL-12 secreted by the DCs of the IgAN patient group is lower than that of the normal control group and the difference between the two groups has statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion DCs may regulate the balance between Thl/Th2 cells by secreting cytokines so as to play an imporat role in occurence and progression of IgAN and such factors as infection etc. may strengthen the functions of DCs thus easily triggering IgAN.
Abstract: Objective to discuss the possible role and mechanism of DCs in IgAN attack. Method Stimulating factors such as recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF), recombinant human interleukin-4 (rhIL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) etc. were used in vitro jointly to induce and culture DCs, a flow cytometry was use...
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