Characterization of Bromelain from Parts of Three Different Pineapple Varieties in Nigeria
Omotoyinbo O. V.,
Sanni D. M.
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2017
Pages:
35-41
Received:
16 December 2016
Accepted:
29 December 2016
Published:
17 April 2017
Abstract: Bromelain was extracted from crown, flesh, core, and peel of some variant of Nigerian pineapple fruits in order to evaluate its amount and characteristics. Each part of pineapple after separation was weighed, blended, filtered and then filtrate was precipitated with ethanol and centrifuged. All extracts from each stage were collected and assayed for bromelain activity. The concentration of protein was also measured by using BSA as standard while proteolytic activity was determined using Azocasein 1% (w/v) as substrate at standard conditions. The optimum temperature and pH were also evaluated. The result showed that bromelain could be obtained from all parts of pineapple. Ananas fitzmulleri (Agric) had the highest weight (1486.42 g) and flesh content (53.5%) compared to other varieties while bromelain obtained from all parts and in the different varieties had optimum activity at 40°C and pH of 7. Hence ethanol precipitation method is viable for bromelain recovery.
Abstract: Bromelain was extracted from crown, flesh, core, and peel of some variant of Nigerian pineapple fruits in order to evaluate its amount and characteristics. Each part of pineapple after separation was weighed, blended, filtered and then filtrate was precipitated with ethanol and centrifuged. All extracts from each stage were collected and assayed fo...
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The Study of Biofield Energy Treatment Based Herbomineral Formulation in Skin Health and Function
Johanne Dodon,
Mahendra Kumar Trivedi,
Alice Branton,
Dahryn Trivedi,
Gopal Nayak,
Mayank Gangwar,
Snehasis Jana
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2017
Pages:
42-53
Received:
30 March 2017
Accepted:
19 April 2017
Published:
9 May 2017
Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the The Trivedi Effect®- Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment based new proprietary herbomineral formulation and cell medium (DMEM) on various skin health parameters using HFF-1, HaCaT, and B16-F10 cell lines. It contained minerals (zinc chloride, sodium selenate, and sodium molybdate), L-ascorbic acid, along with the mixture of Centella asiatica extract and tetrahydrocurcumin (THC). The test formulation and DMEM were divided into two parts each, one part of each was coded as untreated (UT), while the second part of each was treated with the Biofield Treatment by Johanne Dodon and denoted as the Biofield Energy Treated (BT) test items. MTT assay result showed that the test formulation was safe and nontoxic up to 80 µg/mL concentration. The fibroblast cell proliferation assay using BrdU method showed a significant increased cell proliferation at 2.13, 8.75, and 17.53 µg/mL by 3.90%, 14.68% and 29.54%, respectively in the BT-DMEM + BT-Test formulation group compared to the untreated group. The collagen data showed an increased synthesis by 7.42% and 3.84% in the UT-DMEM + BT-Test formulation and BT-DMEM + BT-Test formulation groups, respectively at 0.625 µg/mL with respect to the untreated group. Similarly, the elastin synthesis was increased by 19.8% and 25.8% in the UT-DMEM + BT-Test formulation and BT-DMEM + BT-Test formulation groups, respectively at 5 µg/mL with respect to the untreated group. However, the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation showed an increased level of hyaluronic acid by 1.7% in UT-DMEM + BT-Test formulation group compared to the untreated group. Melanin synthesis inhibition was observed by 15.21% and 11.43% in UT-DMEM + BT-Test Formulation and BT-DMEM + BT-Test Formulation groups, respectively at 0.125 µg/mL compared with the untreated group in B16-F10 melanoma cell line. Anti-wrinkling effects showed an improved cell viability by 7.65% at 1.25 µg/mL in the BT-DMEM + BT-Test formulation experimental group compared with the untreated test group. In addition, the Biofield Energy Treated Test formulation/DMEM showed a significant wound healing activity and high cellular migration of fibroblast and keratinocytes in HFF-1 and HaCaT cells, respectively. Overall, the data suggested that Biofield Treated formulation/DMEM could be helpful for skin healing, improvement the skin health, elasticity, and tightness, as well as, improving skin health issues such as wrinkling, pigmentation disorders, redness, swelling, skin cancer, aging, rashes, and skin sagging.
Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the The Trivedi Effect®- Consciousness Energy Healing Treatment based new proprietary herbomineral formulation and cell medium (DMEM) on various skin health parameters using HFF-1, HaCaT, and B16-F10 cell lines. It contained minerals (zinc chloride, sodium selenate, and sodium molybdate), L-ascorbi...
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Effects of Aqueous Stem Extract of Achyranthes aspera on Bitis arietans Venom Protease and Phospholipase A2 Activity
Hope Chinyere Nwune,
Mohammed Adamu Milala,
Hassan Zanna
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 3, May 2017
Pages:
54-58
Received:
16 February 2017
Accepted:
27 March 2017
Published:
27 May 2017
Abstract: Aqueous stem extract of Achyranthes aspera was investigated for inhibitory activity against Bitis arietans venom protease and phospholipase A2 activity. The elemental analysis and phytochemical screening of the plant extract were carried out. The activities of protease and phospholipase A2 (Vo) of the crude Bitis arietans venom was determined and the data obtained was used to estimate KM, Vmax and Kcat. Inhibition studies were carried out using the same procedure except that different concentrations of the extracts (5%, 10%, 15% for protease assay and 0.5%, 0.75%, 10%, 1.25% and 1.5% for phospholipase A2 assay) were added to the reaction mixture. The result showed that the Bitis arietans venom protease had a Vmax of 0.062 ± 0.013 µmol/min, KM of 0.496 ± 0.095mg/ml and a Kcat of 0.125 ± 0.001min-1. The result also indicates that the Bitis arietans phospholipase A2 had a Vmax of 3.27 ± 0.030min-1, KM of 8.358 ± 0.050 mg/ml and Kcat of 0.391 ± 0.002min-. The aqueous stem extract produced a statistically significant (P<0.05) decrease in the Vmax, KM and Kcat of the Bitis arietans venom phospholipase A2 in a dose dependent manner and a statistically significant (P<0.05) increase in the Vmax, KM and Kcat of Bitis arietans protease in a dose dependent manner. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, steroids, saponins and terpenoids in the extract while the elemental analysis revealed the presence of Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, Mn, Fe and Na. The result suggests that aqueous stem extract of Achyranthes aspera inhibited the Bitis arietans venom phospholipase A2 in an uncompetitive manner while the protease activity was stimulated by the extracts. It was observed that the use of the stem of Achyranthes aspera may be important in the treatment of snake bites.
Abstract: Aqueous stem extract of Achyranthes aspera was investigated for inhibitory activity against Bitis arietans venom protease and phospholipase A2 activity. The elemental analysis and phytochemical screening of the plant extract were carried out. The activities of protease and phospholipase A2 (Vo) of the crude Bitis arietans venom was determined and t...
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