Microbiological Evaluation of Artisanal Food Quality and of Good Manufacturing Practice in Agroindustries of the Far West Region of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil
Eliandra Mirlei Rossi,
Diane Scapin,
Monica Lourdes Rosanelli,
Jessica Fernanda Barreto Honorato,
Larissa Menezes Kochhann
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
113-120
Received:
31 August 2019
Accepted:
29 September 2019
Published:
15 October 2019
Abstract: The foodborne diseases are responsible for high economic looses and expressive social problems, which makes the microbiological quality of foods an important aspect of public health. Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) training courses have been used in order to prevent foodborne diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of artesian food and evaluation of good manufacturing practice in the far west region of Santa Catarina, Brazil. 88 samples of food of animal origin (meat products, fish and fishery products and cattle milk and derivatives) originated and marketed by agroindustries in this region were collected. Microbiological analysis was carried out in accordance with the recommendation and requirement of the RDC 12, from January 2001 and the methodology prescribed by Instruction No. 62, from August 26th, 2003 by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply. Afterwards, the evaluation of good manufacturing practice in these establishments was done. Then, the training at the University’s Microbiology laboratory was carried out based on practical and theoretical instructions for 8 hours. From the 88 samples analysed, 21 (23.86%) were within the allowed standards established by legislation. Of those, 13 (14.77%) were from meat and meat products (salami, sausage, bacon, black pudding and crackling) and 8 (9.09%) cattle milk products (cheese, pasteurized heavy cream, cream chesse and milk). The fish and fishery products were not contaminated. The most frequent isolated microorganisms were fecal coliforms, which 10 (47.62%) samples had contaminations above the allowed standard, followed by positive Staphylococcus coagulase 07 (33.33%) samples, and 4 (19.05%) were contaminated by both microorganisms. Salmonella sp., Listeria monocytogenes and Clostridium suphate-reducers were not isolated in any sample analysed. Good manufacturing practices were evaluated by applying a "check list", elaborated in accordance to the recommendations of the RDC No. 275 Resolution from October 21st, 2002. Through this questionnaire it was shown that 53.65% of agroindustries were appropriated to the legislation, 27.73% were not in accordance and for 18.33% of the industries it was not possible to evaluate, due to not performing the activities described in the "check list". Thus, there is a need to maintain training programs for producers in order to improve the microbiological quality of foods produced by such agroindustries and marketed in the region.
Abstract: The foodborne diseases are responsible for high economic looses and expressive social problems, which makes the microbiological quality of foods an important aspect of public health. Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) training courses have been used in order to prevent foodborne diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological qu...
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Stability Study of the Pigment Extract from a Wild Pycnoporus sanguineus
Huanhuan Zhang,
Xiang Gao,
Xiali Guo,
Alexander Kurakov,
Fuqiang Song
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
121-127
Received:
23 September 2019
Accepted:
4 October 2019
Published:
16 October 2019
Abstract: The stability of crude pigment of Pycnoporus sanguineus strain 28cc under different conditions was assessed. The strain was isolated from the fruit body of the fungus collected in Fenglin National Nature Reserves (China) and had been identified by morphological and rDNA-ITS based approach. The natural pigments were obtained from cultural liquid of submerged culture by adsorption of macro-porous resin (HPD-722) and eluted with 80% ethanol. The natural colorants had a characteristic absorption peak of 416nm (corresponds cinnabarine) used for determination of pigment stability. P. sanguineus pigment tolerant to high temperatures and could keep stability during pasteurization temperature. It had orange-red colors in both acidic and alkaline environment, as well as exhibits good stability at pH 4-7. In the alkaline environment, pigments showed increased in absorbance and deepness in color. P. sanguineus pigments could toleranted to various metal ions (K+, Na+, Cu2+, Zn2+ or Al3+) and displayed strong stability to reductant, but oxidant result in a certain degree of fading. The result from this study indicated that P. sanguineus pigment displayed good stability under various conditions, which is the basis of their market potential. The obtained characteristics of pigment stability of this strain can be used for development of production of natural pigment.
Abstract: The stability of crude pigment of Pycnoporus sanguineus strain 28cc under different conditions was assessed. The strain was isolated from the fruit body of the fungus collected in Fenglin National Nature Reserves (China) and had been identified by morphological and rDNA-ITS based approach. The natural pigments were obtained from cultural liquid of ...
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Alteromonas macleodii KS62 (MTCC 12606): A Novel κ-Carrageenase Producing Microorganism
Prajakta Naval,
Chandra Sainathan
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
128-132
Received:
22 August 2019
Accepted:
11 September 2019
Published:
23 October 2019
Abstract: A κ-carrageenan degrading bacterium was isolated from decaying red seaweeds. Based on biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA sequence the isolate was identified as Alteromonas macleodii KS62. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting κ-carrageenan degrading bacterium of species Alteromonas macleodii. κ-carrageenase enzyme production of 1.6U/ml (12.5U/mg protein) was obtained when Alteromonas macleodii KS62 was grown in a medium containing κ-carrageenan as carbon source. The κ-carrageenase production further increased to 2.9U/ml (14.1U/mg protein) when Alteromonas macleodii KS62 was grown in a medium supplemented with Kappaphycus red seaweed powder. This the first report on κ-carrageenase production using red seaweed biomass as substrate. Efficient κ-carrageenase production establishes the potential of red seaweed biomass to serve as a low cost substrate for economic production of κ-carrageenase enzymes. Enzymatic hydrolysis of κ-carrageenan was studied. κ-carrageenan tetrasaccharide and hexasaccharide were found to be the major end products of enzymatic hydrolysis.
Abstract: A κ-carrageenan degrading bacterium was isolated from decaying red seaweeds. Based on biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA sequence the isolate was identified as Alteromonas macleodii KS62. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting κ-carrageenan degrading bacterium of species Alteromonas macleodii. κ-carrageenase enzyme p...
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Improved Detection of Shigella Species in Diarrheic Children in Ghana Using Invasion Plasmid Antigen H-based Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique
Susan Afua Damanka,
Michael Ofori,
Adi Behar,
Shiri Meron Sudai,
Anya Bialik,
George Enyimah Armah,
Dani Cohen
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2019
Pages:
133-136
Received:
21 November 2019
Accepted:
11 December 2019
Published:
24 December 2019
Abstract: Shigella species play an important role in the morbidity and mortality of children <5 years of age in low and middle-income countries. Previous surveillance studies to evaluate the burden of Shigella disease in Ghana involved conventional culture method which most probably resulted in underestimated prevalence. As efforts are being made globally to introduce vaccines against Shigella and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), this study sought to establish Shigella burden of disease in children <5 years of age for the implementation of appropriate public health measures to control diarrheal disease in Ghana. The study reports data of a collaborative research between Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), University of Ghana and Tel Aviv University (TAU), Israel, under the STOPENTERICS FP7 programme. STOPENTERICS FP7 programme aims to provide novel prophylactic solutions by imposing a two-fold paradigm switch in the development of vaccine candidates against Shigella and ETEC. Bloody diarrheal stool samples were collected from children (cases) (n=269) and from healthy children (controls) (n=38) aged <5 years and tested by traditional culture method in the department of Bacteriology, NMIMR. Samples were shipped and tested using invasion plasmid antigen H-based (ipaH-based) molecular method in TAU. All cases and controls tended Shigella culture-negative at NMIMR. Retesting by ipaH PCR assay in TAU identified Shigella in 31.2% (n=84) of 269 cases and 2.6% (n=1) of 38 controls. The males represented 63.1% (n=53) whilst females represented 36.9% (n=32) of cases (p=0.009). The single asymptomatic carrier (n=1) of the 38 controls, was a 3-month old male child. The asymptomatic carrier in the control group may be regarded as a potential transmitter of disease to vulnerable children of the household. Sanger sequencing confirmed ipaH in 10% of the positive samples. The prevalence of >30% of shigellosis indicates a substantial contribution of Shigella to diarrheal burden in children <5 years in Ghana. The most appropriate diagnosis of shigellosis should be PCR which is capable of detecting small amounts of nucleic acid. Furthermore, molecular screening for the detection of Shigella must be carried out in conjunction with the traditional culture method since isolation alone, may underestimate the prevalence of Shigella. Continuous surveillance will be useful in making evidence-based decisions on the introduction of vaccines against Shigella and ETEC in Ghana.
Abstract: Shigella species play an important role in the morbidity and mortality of children <5 years of age in low and middle-income countries. Previous surveillance studies to evaluate the burden of Shigella disease in Ghana involved conventional culture method which most probably resulted in underestimated prevalence. As efforts are being made globally to introduce vaccines against Shigella and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), this study sought to estab...
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