Community Evaluation of Protected Areas Governance and Management Effectiveness: A Case Study of Manyara Region, Tanzania
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2018
Pages:
75-88
Received:
21 September 2018
Accepted:
30 October 2018
Published:
28 November 2018
Abstract: Protected areas (PAs) governance is increasingly seen as a critical determinant for PA management effectiveness. This paper aims to explore the actors involved in PA governance and management and their roles, and the factors influencing the PA management success as perceived by local communities in Manyara region, Tanzania. This study further explores the community perceptions of PAs governance using good governance principles including legitimacy and voice, accountability, performance, and fairness and rights. A mixed methods approach was used in this research which comprised structured household interviews, key informant interviews and document review. Respondents ranked local community involvement (12.6%) and environmental education and awareness (13.8%) as the top most important or relevant factors for PA management success in the region. Overall perceptions of respondents indicate that legitimacy and voice (83%), fairness and rights (75%) and performance (68%) were the good principles of PA governance while transparency was the weak governance criteria which may undermine effective community participation in PAs management in the region. This study suggests the need for full involvement and coordination of many stakeholders including the local communities, integration of multilateral governance principles and improving environmental education and awareness for effective governance and management of PAs in the region.
Abstract: Protected areas (PAs) governance is increasingly seen as a critical determinant for PA management effectiveness. This paper aims to explore the actors involved in PA governance and management and their roles, and the factors influencing the PA management success as perceived by local communities in Manyara region, Tanzania. This study further explo...
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Development Paths and Mechanisms of Green Collar Human Resource in China: Based on Classification and Green Literacy Survey
Liu Junzhen,
Ji Yunfei,
Wang Hongxuan,
Liu Yu
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 5, September 2018
Pages:
89-96
Received:
12 October 2018
Accepted:
1 November 2018
Published:
28 November 2018
Abstract: With the development of concerns about environmental issues and advocacy and layout of the Green Economy in almost every country, a large number of Green-collar human resources demands inevitably have emerged. Green collar human resource development has become extremely urgent and important. It becomes significant to explore the approaches and major mechanisms for the development of green collar talent resources. Based on the clarification of the green meaning and extension meaning, and the literature review of green work, green employment and green collar, the authors summarize and analyze the unique working and living values, norms and behaviors of green collar. Then, 300 Chinese white-collars in workplace were investigated for their Green Literacy in their daily work and life. The survey found that the green behavior of employees in their daily work and life is not optimistic, and lacking of environmental legal knowledge, know-how skills of coping environment and pollution issues, supportive hardware facilities and cultural atmosphere were major Problem. According to the two essential classification dimensions of the Green-collars: green work and work greenly, the authors put forward the following categories of Green-collar human resources: “Non-green collar", "Light green collar", "Fake green collar", "True green collar" and "Decent green collar", Accordingly two typical evolution paths and development approaches were identified. Finally, the authors proposed and discussed the major Green-collar talents development mechanisms, including national green macroeconomic guidance, government policy support, green company certification and green management practices in enterprises, green culture propaganda, green-collar talents education and training, green collar work and life support in workplace, and society communication between green collars.
Abstract: With the development of concerns about environmental issues and advocacy and layout of the Green Economy in almost every country, a large number of Green-collar human resources demands inevitably have emerged. Green collar human resource development has become extremely urgent and important. It becomes significant to explore the approaches and majo...
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