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Floristic Distribution and Heavy Metal Levels Around Auto-Mechanic Workshop Clusters in the Yenagoa Metropolis, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Bariweni Perekibina Anthony,
Amukali Ogochukwu
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
37-42
Received:
21 May 2018
Accepted:
12 June 2018
Published:
7 April 2020
Abstract: A floristic survey of plant species encountered around auto-mechanic workshop clusters in the Yenagoa Metropolis was conducted using stratified sampling technique and following standard methods in this study. Sampling was done at three intervals; reference point (0m), 50m and 100ms from 5 auto-mechanic workshop clusters and a control site. Results were expressed in simple percentages X±STD. The distributional patterns, frequency of occurrence and Sorensen’s Similarity Index of plant species around auto-mechanic workshop clusters were used to determine prevalence levels and variations from one sample site to another. It was observed that distance decay concept manifested conspicuously as plant species’ diversity increased with increasing distances from the reference points (0m) of the auto-mechanic workshop clusters. Overall plant species diversity at the reference point (0m) was 5±1, 25±23 at 50m and 36±12 at 100m around the auto-mechanic workshop clusters while 37±32 was observed at the control site, respectively. However, the control site showed highest species’ frequency distribution and diversity as compared to the auto-mechanic workshop clusters in this study. Heavy metal levels were generally observed to be higher in soils around auto-mechanic workshop clusters than at the control site showing evidence of anthropogenic effects in samples encountered at the auto-mechanic workshop clusters. Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg and Mn were noticed to have decreased with increasing distances suggesting distance decay while Ni and Fe increased with increasing distances in soils of the auto-mechanic workshop clusters. These had tremendous effects on the distributional patterns of most plant species in this study. This study has shown that plant species like Sc. dulcis (Scrophuriaceae), C. digitalis (Cyperaceae), Py. Polystachyos (Cyperaceae), A. tectorum (Poaceae), P. foetida (Passifloraceae), S. paramidalis (Rubiaceae), as well as C. mucunoides (Febaceae) remain better choices for use as bio-indicators for heavy metal studies around auto-mechanic workshop cluster in the Yenagoa Metropolis since despite exposure to prevailing natural and anthropogenic conditions, they still showed heavy metal tolerance and remediation potentials.
Abstract: A floristic survey of plant species encountered around auto-mechanic workshop clusters in the Yenagoa Metropolis was conducted using stratified sampling technique and following standard methods in this study. Sampling was done at three intervals; reference point (0m), 50m and 100ms from 5 auto-mechanic workshop clusters and a control site. Results ...
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Traditional Ecological Knowledge for Climate Change Assessment and Rainfall Prediction: A Case of Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha District, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
Martha Kidemu,
Martha Gebreyesus,
Mihiret Semere,
Adefires Worku,
Agena Anjulo
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
43-48
Received:
14 March 2020
Accepted:
27 March 2020
Published:
17 April 2020
Abstract: Data on environmental problems of the area, local manifestations of climate change, climate change coping strategies, rainfall prediction mechanisms and their threats were collected in three systematically selected administrative units of the study area using focus group discussion, key informant interview and household (HH) survey from May to June, 2017. Focus group (FG) discussion that participate youth, elders, women, religion and tradition leaders and experts with average members of 15 was organized at each administrative units. Sample key informants (KI) were selected by the focus group members by setting criteria to get deep information. HH survey was conducted from randomly selected 92 HHs samples determined by Kothari (2004). Qualitative data analysis method was used to summarize the information. Results showed that environmental problems in the area are directly or indirectly related to climate. And the communities rely on their indigenous rainfall prediction using meteorological, astronomic and animal behavioral indicators. The main indicators are: wind direction, appearance and shape of cloud, star pattern, moon’s appearance, cattle behavior, chirping of bird, bee’s migration, and color of lake and appearance of rainbow. The study also depicted that most (85%) of the communities heavily rely on the indigenous knowledge for planning agricultural activities or early warnings for preparedness. However, it has been threatened due to critics by religious people, lack of trust of young generation, degradation of the indicators and lack of documentation. There is need for careful evaluation and enhancement for social-ecological resilience of the vulnerable communities.
Abstract: Data on environmental problems of the area, local manifestations of climate change, climate change coping strategies, rainfall prediction mechanisms and their threats were collected in three systematically selected administrative units of the study area using focus group discussion, key informant interview and household (HH) survey from May to June...
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Review the Evolution of Chinese Legislation on Air Pollution Prevention and Control
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
49-56
Received:
15 February 2020
Accepted:
23 March 2020
Published:
28 April 2020
Abstract: As the quality of the atmospheric environment continues to deteriorate, the demand for improving the quality of atmosphere environment sharply increases. The State Council of China issued the Air Pollution Action Plan 2013 to tackle the air pollution problem. Then the Air Pollution Control Law was revised in 2015 and 2018. The main purpose of this article is to introduce the evolution of Chinese legislation on air pollution prevention and control, analyze the regulation strategy change in the legislation of air pollution regulation, and evaluate the Air Pollution Control Law. From the analysis the article finds that the administrative agencies not only passively enforce the law but also take an active role in developing new rules and modifying inappropriate old rules. The strategies in the Air Pollution Control Law are effective to settle the air pollution problem in current China. The conclusion is that the core of the Air Pollution Control Law enforcement still comes from the administration. Such a regulation strategy can achieve good results in a short period of time under political pressure. The legislature needs to find other path from the long-term perspective of the air pollution control law.
Abstract: As the quality of the atmospheric environment continues to deteriorate, the demand for improving the quality of atmosphere environment sharply increases. The State Council of China issued the Air Pollution Action Plan 2013 to tackle the air pollution problem. Then the Air Pollution Control Law was revised in 2015 and 2018. The main purpose of this ...
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Preliminary Study on the Management System of Mineral Resources in Peru
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
57-63
Received:
4 November 2019
Accepted:
29 November 2019
Published:
28 April 2020
Abstract: Peru is located in the western part of South America, with Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil and Bolivia to the east, Chile to the south and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The Andean metallogenic belt throughout the country, has excellent ore-forming conditions and rich mineral resources. It is one of the 12th largest mineral producing countries in the world, and its total mineral resources ranks seventh in the world. Mining occupies an important position in Peru’s economy. The main minerals are copper, silver, zinc, tin, gold, iron, tungsten, tantalum, lead. The reserves of copper, silver, zinc and tin are among the top in the world. In recent years, global mineral prices continued to run low, Peru’s mining enterprises capital chain tight and operational difficulties, in order to get rid of the mining industry downturn, the Peruvian government has issued a series of tax policies and preferential measures, provide opportunities for foreign enterprises to enter Peru’s mining market. The author collected and collated relevant data through field trips, the main research is based on Peru's mining management department, mining management system, classification and application of mining rights, land and mining taxes and fees, and a preliminary analysis of the country's mining market. Before entering the mining market in Peru, suggested companies should take advantage of our strengths, select own familiar ways of cooperation, comprehensive investigate cooperative partners, and pay attention to avoid risks.
Abstract: Peru is located in the western part of South America, with Ecuador and Colombia to the north, Brazil and Bolivia to the east, Chile to the south and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The Andean metallogenic belt throughout the country, has excellent ore-forming conditions and rich mineral resources. It is one of the 12th largest mineral producing coun...
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Assessing the Use of Hillside Rainwater Harvesting Ponds on Agricultural Production, a Case of Unicoopagi Cooperative Union
Jean Baptiste Safari,
Maniragaba Abias,
Christophe Mupenzi
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
64-71
Received:
13 May 2020
Accepted:
15 June 2020
Published:
29 June 2020
Abstract: This research was conducted on the assessment of the use of hillside rainwater harvesting ponds on Agricultural Production in Unicoopagi cooperative union located in Nyamigina cell, Tare sector of Nyamagabe District. The research involved both primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected using questionnaire, interview and observation while secondary data was derived from existing document dealing with rainwater harvesting pond at national and worldwide. The results from collected data showed that the level of adoption of rain water harvesting ponds was used by 51.5% farmers; the main reason of failing level of RWH ponds is due to small plot size of farmers; and the main factors contributing to the use of this technology include land acquisition and irrigation. It is further revealed that the use of rain water harvesting pond impacted positively; the agriculture production on 0.5 hectares per 4 years, has generated the income of 17,772,800 Rwandan Francs for non-irrigated plot, while the same plot irrigated with the use of rain water harvested the income increased up to 20,296,450 Rwandan Francs. Beside this rain water harvesting ponds has some observed negative effect among water users that include social conflicts, accident and breeding of mosquitoes with percentage equivalent to 41%, 27% and 32% respectively. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results show that the amount of agriculture production and generated income was significantly different between adopted and non-adopted rain water harvesting techniques. The implication of these findings is that the adoption of rainwater harvesting ponds presents a way forward for reducing rural poverty. With the increase of rainfall variability and evaporation due to climate change, rain water harvesting will become a key intervention in adaptation and in reducing vulnerabilities of crop water stress. Therefore, extent knowledge in RWH techniques needs to be considered as an important, manageable resource in water management policies, strategies and plans. Considering that farmer’s perception in increasing crop yield is due to rain water harvesting, this will encourage the adoption of this techniques. Thus for the RWH techniques to be effective and bring higher return to farmers, it should goes hand in hand with other improved agriculture Techniques and Agro- inputs uses such as Land consolidation, improved seeds, pesticide and fertilizers.
Abstract: This research was conducted on the assessment of the use of hillside rainwater harvesting ponds on Agricultural Production in Unicoopagi cooperative union located in Nyamigina cell, Tare sector of Nyamagabe District. The research involved both primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected using questionnaire, interview and observation ...
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Description of Some Macrofungi from the Niokolo-Koba National Park in Senegal
Maïmouna Kane,
Mallé Gueye,
Ngansoumana Bâ,
Kandioura Noba,
Regis Courtecuisse
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 2, June 2020
Pages:
72-83
Received:
8 July 2020
Accepted:
15 July 2020
Published:
28 July 2020
Abstract: The Niokolo Koba National Park (NKNP), established in 1954 and recognized as UNESCO World Heritage and Biosphere Reserve in 1981 is the largest biodiversity sanctuary in Senegal with special ecosystems of the Sudanese bioclimatic zone, a great floristic richness of 1500 species of flowering plants and a remarkable diversity of fauna. However, no data of fungi especially macrofungal is available from NKNP. The present study aims to provide for the first time data on the taxonomic of some macrofungi occurring in the Niokolo Koba biosphere reserve. Surveys carried out at Niokolo Koba allowed to sample, describe and identify 14 species of fungi with fruibodies of ‘Parc National Niokolo Koba’. These species represent 12 genera, 7 families, 4 orders all-in the Basidiomycota. These species are: Gymnopilus sp, Hexagonia sp, Lactocollybia sp, Lentinus sp, Lenzites cf acutus, Marasmiellus setulosipes, Marasmius castaneovelutinus, Marasmius sp, Polyporus arcularius, Psathyrella atroumbonata, Psathyrella tuberculata, Pulverolepiota sp, Pterula cf brunneola, Tetrapyrgos nigripes.
Abstract: The Niokolo Koba National Park (NKNP), established in 1954 and recognized as UNESCO World Heritage and Biosphere Reserve in 1981 is the largest biodiversity sanctuary in Senegal with special ecosystems of the Sudanese bioclimatic zone, a great floristic richness of 1500 species of flowering plants and a remarkable diversity of fauna. However, no da...
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