Soil Test Based Crop Response Phosphorus Calibration Study for Bread Wheat Production in Sinana District of Bale Zone, Southeastern Ethiopia
Mulugeta Eshetu,
Daniel Abegeja,
Regassa Gosa,
Tesfaye Ketama,
Girma Getachew,
Tilahun Chibsa
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
1-12
Received:
10 February 2022
Accepted:
12 March 2022
Published:
18 March 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsqa.20220801.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Soil fertility decline as results of different factors and blanket fertilizer application throughout the country without considering soil types and agro-ecological are among the bottleneck to obtain sustainable desired yield. Therefore, this calls for site-specific soil nutrients managements and soil test based crop response fertilizer recommendations. Accordingly, soil test based crop response P calibration study for bread wheat production was conducted from 2011-2013 at Sinana district. The objective of the experiment was to determine economically optimum N, and to determine Phosphorus critical (Pc) and Phosphorus requirement factor for bread wheat production at Sinana district. A field trial were conducted in factorial combination of four levels of N (0, 23, 46 and 69 Kg/ha) and Six levels of P (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Kg /ha) chemical fertilizer laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications on plot size 3 m x 3 m (9 m2). Bread wheat (Sanate variety) with a seed rate of 150 kg/ha which had been recommended for area was used. Composite soil sample before plating and intensive soil samples after 21 days of sowing were taken from each plot then subjected to air-dried, prepared and analyzed for selected physicochemical properties following standard laboratory procedures. Phosphorus critical level (Pc) determination was done using C'ate-Nelson diagram method. Agronomic data such as plant height; tiller, seed per spike, biomass, grain yield and thousand kernel weight were collected then subjected to two way factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) using R software while the partial budget analysis was done using CIMMYT (1998). The results revealed that both N and combined NP fertilizer rates significantly different among agronomic data taken for bread wheat. Accordingly; the optimum nitrogen rate (46 N kg/ha); the critical P (Pc) concentrations (5.24 ppm) and P (Pf) requirement factors (22) for bread wheat production have been determined, at Sinana District. Therefore, application of 46 N kg/ha fertilizer advisable for bread wheat productions in Sinana District as well as other areas having the same soil conditions and agro-ecology. In the feature works; farther verification of the values of Pc and Pf on farm field could be a pre request before disseminating the technology to the end user.
Abstract: Soil fertility decline as results of different factors and blanket fertilizer application throughout the country without considering soil types and agro-ecological are among the bottleneck to obtain sustainable desired yield. Therefore, this calls for site-specific soil nutrients managements and soil test based crop response fertilizer recommendati...
Show More
Demographic Explosion and Rural Development in Madagascar
Ramasy Razafindratovo Heritiana
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
13-17
Received:
4 November 2021
Accepted:
17 January 2022
Published:
28 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsqa.20220801.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The main theme of the article is demography and its possible links with rural development in Madagascar. To do this, studies supported by various specific documents were carried out, in the district of Antsirabe II, located in the region Vakinankaratra, in Madagascar., between the period of 2001 and 2018. In general, rapid population growth, brought about by a high and sustained fertility rate, is associated with higher poverty rates, low rates of primary education, and rates of infant and maternal mortality which remain high, each country or the regions concerned, as confirmed by the debates or concepts of demography but the related problem depends on the specificity of- of each country or the regions concerned, as confirmed by the debates or concepts of demography. So especially since Madagascar is one of the least developed countries (LDCs) in the world, despite its strong legendary potential which is not sufficiently. What’s more, many development projects in black Africa have experienced partial or total failures. Thus, the various development theories that conceptualize “the links between demography and conceptualized rural development will be confronted with the reality of the Malagasy rural world. (Case of the District of Antsirabe II). So, in order to develop knowledge on the demography of development, this research aims to determine the demographic approach consistent with our rural development likely to reduce rural poverty and control demographic factors by integrating the impact of the population explosion on the process of rural development, the diversities of the demographic transition in Madagascar, and the primacy of demographic change over economic changes. The characterization of a real demographic approach to our rural development, by combining all these concepts, would make it possible to determine the "dimensions" of demography, supported by scientific information, on the sustainable development of our world. So, beginning with a brief reminder on local rural development, this article presents the demographic issue on the Malagasy rural development process. Although this process has already been the subject of several strategies, it is clear that in its components, demographics are among the poor relatives in the system. This encourages us to review the inextricable links between these two constituents, more precisely the impact of strong demographic growth on local rural development, by analyzing the case of the District of Antsirabe II, especially since according to the Mexico Declaration, to be realistic, development policies, plans and programs must take into account the inextricable links between people, resources, environment and development.
Abstract: The main theme of the article is demography and its possible links with rural development in Madagascar. To do this, studies supported by various specific documents were carried out, in the district of Antsirabe II, located in the region Vakinankaratra, in Madagascar., between the period of 2001 and 2018. In general, rapid population growth, brough...
Show More
Performance Evaluation of Improved Haricot Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) Varieties at East Shewa, Mid Rift Valley of Oromia
Urgaya Balcha,
Temesgen Dinsa
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
18-21
Received:
29 June 2022
Accepted:
29 July 2022
Published:
10 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijsqa.20220801.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important food legumes of Ethiopia and it is considered as the main cash crop and the least expensive source of protein for the farmers in many lowlands and mid altitude of the country. Low production and productivity, which is mainly associated with lack of access for improved varieties, was one of the major problems. Therefore, to overcome the above stated problems and to acquaint smallholder farmers with new technologies of widely grown pulse crops production, well-performed, adaptable and high yielding haricot bean varieties. Seven haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties and one local check were evaluated in 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons at Dugda, Lume and Adami Tulu districts of East Shoa zone, Mid rift valley of Oromia. The trial was laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Combined analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant variability among varieties for all the parameters studied such as days to heading, days to maturity, number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, plant height and seed yield.. The varieties Awash-2 and Sikiya were found to be high yielding varieties with mean seed yield levels of 24.02 and 23.35 qtls ha-1, respectively. Therefore these two varieties are recommended for future use in the study area and similar environments.
Abstract: Haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important food legumes of Ethiopia and it is considered as the main cash crop and the least expensive source of protein for the farmers in many lowlands and mid altitude of the country. Low production and productivity, which is mainly associated with lack of access for improved varieties, was ...
Show More
