-
The Integration of Environmental Sustainable Development Goals into International Trade Agreements: The Case of the EU-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, September 2021
Pages:
91-100
Received:
23 August 2021
Accepted:
8 September 2021
Published:
23 September 2021
Abstract: The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) lay the foundation for the integrated governance of sustainable development, envisaging the optimal balance between the environmental, social and economic aspects of sustainability. However, a vital condition for improving the overall governance of sustainable development, is that these aspects are mainstreamed uniformly into all international agreements related to sustainable development. This article seeks to shed light on the following research question: how core principles and priorities of a universally endorsed act of an international organization with considerable environmental implications – the UN Resolution adopting the SDGs – interact with and influence the scope of a primary implementing means of EU external relations law with strong environmental footprint, the EU bilateral trade agreements with third countries. Drawing methodologically on the examination of a specific EU trade regime that of the EU-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (EUJEPA), it explores the inextricable interlinkages and coherence between environmental SDGs and core provisions enshrined in EUJEPA. More specifically, it investigates the way in which key environmental SDGs, legally founded on international environmental agreements, are integrated in the regulatory framework of EUJEPA governing the relationship between trade and sustainable development. The article concludes that the trade relations between the EU and Japan, as reflected in legal terms in EUJEPA, contribute to achieving crucial environmental SDGs and fundamental objectives of international environmental agreements. Thus, it highlights the instrumental role of modern EU bilateral trade agreements in promoting, in consistency with the SDGs, environmental protection and sustainable management of biodiversity, forestry and fishery resources.
Abstract: The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) lay the foundation for the integrated governance of sustainable development, envisaging the optimal balance between the environmental, social and economic aspects of sustainability. However, a vital condition for improving the overall governance of sustainable development, is that these aspects are mainst...
Show More
-
Environmental Behavior, Knowledge and Attitude Toward Sustainability in Ethiopian Civil Service University
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, September 2021
Pages:
101-109
Received:
19 August 2021
Accepted:
1 September 2021
Published:
30 September 2021
Abstract: Today, the principles of sustainability and sustainable development are important considerations in policy creation and actions of Higher Education Institutions, both in terms of environmental impact and societal responsibility. Human behavior is at the center of most environmental problems; hence, the promotion of pro-environmental behavior is considered to be a pathway towards sustainability. Thus, the main objective of the article was to analyze students’ knowledge, attitudes, behavior and environmental concern toward environmental sustainability (ES) in general at Ethiopian Civil Service University. The data were gathered through survey questioner and key informant interview. Most variables are at high values. The correlation test results revealed that there was a substantial link between all variables. Moreover, it may be inferred that having a high level of environmental awareness has little effect on students' sustainable habits. As a result, a strong commitment from the institution is required to increase sustainability knowledge, attitude, and practice on campus. The university's readiness in terms of ongoing training in diverse sustainability activities is a necessary condition for comprehensively and effectively implementing sustainable practices in daily activities. It is also suggested that it is important to educate people about local and global environmental problems, about the impact of behavior on the environment not only in university but also in the public sphere, and to foster the ecocentrism, as well.
Abstract: Today, the principles of sustainability and sustainable development are important considerations in policy creation and actions of Higher Education Institutions, both in terms of environmental impact and societal responsibility. Human behavior is at the center of most environmental problems; hence, the promotion of pro-environmental behavior is con...
Show More
-
Land Use, Land Cover Changes and Their Driving Force in Wombera District, Benshangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia
Girma Gudesho,
Zerihun Woldu
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, September 2021
Pages:
110-122
Received:
22 July 2021
Accepted:
27 August 2021
Published:
30 October 2021
Abstract: Land use Land cover (LULCC) were analyzed for wombera district along agro-ecological gradients (lower, middle & higher) using a Satellite image of Landsat Mass, Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+, and Landsat OLI/TIRS of 1973, 1986, 2000 and 2016 respectively. After reconnaissance survey and field observations 402 individuals were selected. They were categorized into 6 groups of Key informants interview (KII) and 12 groups Focus Group Discussion (FGD) for structural and open ended questions. One hundred thirty two GPS data were collected using handheld GPS Garmin Global Positioning System for confirmations of accuracy assessment. Five direct and seven indirect driving forces of LULCC were identified for each corresponding agro-ecology gradients for each year. ERDAS version 15, excel, and ArcGIS 10.3.1 used for satellite image calibration and analysis. Maps of Forest, woodland, scrubland, grassland, farmland, water body, and settlement were created. The finding reveals that croplands, settlements, and grasslands are increasing. However, woodland and forest are decreasing from 1973 and 2016. Among the indirect driving forces, Socio-cultural practice and demographics imposed a higher impact in 1970; conversely, institutional setup and technological advancements contribute the highest effect in 2000 &2016. Among the direct or proximate causes, farming activity and fire contribute the highest impact in 1970 in the lower and middle altitude. Farming activities and logging had the highest impact on the higher altitudes during 1970s.
Abstract: Land use Land cover (LULCC) were analyzed for wombera district along agro-ecological gradients (lower, middle & higher) using a Satellite image of Landsat Mass, Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+, and Landsat OLI/TIRS of 1973, 1986, 2000 and 2016 respectively. After reconnaissance survey and field observations 402 individuals were selected. They were categor...
Show More
-
Research on Prevention and Control of Risk Index of Groundwater Pollution System in Northeast China
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, September 2021
Pages:
123-129
Received:
24 September 2021
Accepted:
30 October 2021
Published:
5 November 2021
Abstract: The background of this paper is that groundwater pollution risk assessment and zoning is an important basis for regional groundwater resources protection. The research progress and deficiency of Groundwater Hazard Risk Assessment at home and abroad are analyzed. Based on the data of 18 water quality indexes such as ammonia and nitrogen in 18 groundwater monitoring sites in Jinzhou area, the pollution factors and pollution sources were analyzed with the improved Mero comprehensive index. At present, due to the long-term exploitation of shallow groundwater in the west of Liaoning Province, the pollution degree of the groundwater is relatively large, and the cause of the pollution is unknown. The research methods are literature research and case analysis. On the basis of defining the risk of groundwater pollution, the index system of groundwater pollution risk assessment and the index system of groundwater pollution risk assessment are established. The results show that nitrate is the main factor of regional groundwater pollution, and the contribution of variance is 49.30%. Domestic sewage is the main source of regional shallow groundwater pollution. At the same time, an improved Mero composite index was proposed to strengthen the control of domestic sewage and agricultural non-point source pollution in Jinzhou, and to strengthen groundwater recharge, the impact of transgression on groundwater quality in Jinzhou should also be the focus of follow-up studies.
Abstract: The background of this paper is that groundwater pollution risk assessment and zoning is an important basis for regional groundwater resources protection. The research progress and deficiency of Groundwater Hazard Risk Assessment at home and abroad are analyzed. Based on the data of 18 water quality indexes such as ammonia and nitrogen in 18 ground...
Show More
