Effect of TCM Combined with Western Medicine on CD19+ B Lymphocytes in Children with IgA Vasculitis with Nephritis
Liu Jun-chao,
Xu Hong,
Shen Qian,
Sun Li,
Yu Jian,
Liu Hai-mei,
Li Guo-min
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
39-43
Received:
9 March 2022
Accepted:
25 March 2022
Published:
14 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijpc.20220804.11
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Abstract: Introduction: Children with IgA vasculitis with nephritis (IgAVN) usually accepted TCM combined with western medicine therapy, but its effect on immune function is not clear, here is to analyze the change of peripheral blood CD19+ B lymphocytes in children with IgAVN after treatment of TCM combined with AECI or/and immunosuppressive agents. Methods: 46 children with IgAVN diagnosed from April 2016 to April 2017 were included and followed up in out-patient department till Dec 2021. All children with IgAVN were treated with TCM combined with ACEI or/and glucocorticoid steroids, with/without glucocorticoid-sparing agents. During treatment, urinary erythrocytes / urinary protein, peripheral blood CD (cluster of differentiation) of lymphocytes and serum immunoglobulins were tested before and after treatment. Results: All children with IgAVN except one were complete remission and no child progressed to CKD after 5-6 years follow-up. The counts of CD19+ B lymphocytes and CD19+ % in children with complete remission were significantly reduced after TCM combined with ACEI or/and glucocorticoid steroids with/without glucocorticoid-sparing agent (P < 0.01), the levels of serum IgA in children with complete remission and partial remission after 6 month combined therapy were significantly decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and IgM in partial remission children after 6 month combined therapy was significantly lower (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Peripheral blood CD19+ B lymphocytes in children with IgAVN decreased when it gained remission with treatment of TCM combined with ACEI or/and glucocorticoid steroids with/without glucocorticoid-sparing agent, suggesting that change of peripheral blood CD19+ B lymphocytes could be used to evaluate effect of therapy.
Abstract: Introduction: Children with IgA vasculitis with nephritis (IgAVN) usually accepted TCM combined with western medicine therapy, but its effect on immune function is not clear, here is to analyze the change of peripheral blood CD19+ B lymphocytes in children with IgAVN after treatment of TCM combined with AECI or/and immunosuppressive agents. Methods...
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Thermodynamic Aspects in Heterogeneous Initiated Catalysis
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
44-47
Received:
3 September 2022
Accepted:
17 September 2022
Published:
27 September 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijpc.20220804.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The aim of this work is to develop the fundamental foundations of initiated heterogeneous catalysis. In the classical concept, it was assumed that the catalytic system was reduced to the concept of a catalyst. Further, this concept expanded to the simultaneous action of a catalyst with a reaction medium, and then the action of an inductor or initiator was connected. Since the addition of an initiator to the catalytic system ensures the operation of the catalytic system, unlike a catalyst that does not perform work, remains unchanged during the catalytic cycle, it made sense to analyze the thermodynamic basis for the initiation of heterogeneous catalysis. A modern phenomenology of initiated heterogeneous-catalytic processes is proposed, based on the thermodynamics and kinetics of chemical reactions, taking into account the chemical coupling of individual stages and routes. A chemical evaluation of the synergism resulting from the combination of catalytic and induction interaction of reagents with a catalyst is given. A fundamental difference is shown between the thermodynamic and kinetic effects of chemical reactions, between the action of a catalyst and an initiator. The possibilities of using carbon monoxide and synthesis gas in conjugated reactions using an initiator are noted. The presence of dynamic compensation effects in catalysis, expressed by a simultaneous decrease in the activation barrier and an increase in the intensity of interaction of reagents, indicates non-additive phenomena, the nonlinearity of the reaction mechanism, as well as possible autocatalysis or autoinitiation. The basis for the proposed phenomenology in the field of initiated catalysis is not only heterogeneous-catalytic, but also homogeneous-catalytic processes, in particular, the discovered effect on the catalysis of benzoic acids during the conversion of phenyloxirane. Thus, the presence of an initiator in the catalytic system is the rule rather than the exception, which makes it possible to extend the proposed phenomenology of initiated catalysis to all its manifestations in nature.
Abstract: The aim of this work is to develop the fundamental foundations of initiated heterogeneous catalysis. In the classical concept, it was assumed that the catalytic system was reduced to the concept of a catalyst. Further, this concept expanded to the simultaneous action of a catalyst with a reaction medium, and then the action of an inductor or initia...
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