Personal Protective Practices Against Mosquito Bites by Undergraduate Students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, North Central Nigeria
Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter,
Akaangee Loveth Mngurumun,
Onah IsegbeEmmanuel
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, December 2017
Pages:
27-30
Received:
27 May 2017
Accepted:
23 August 2017
Published:
19 September 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.aje.20170102.11
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Abstract: Mosquito-borne diseases are of public health significance in Makurdi, Nigeria. Investigations on the protective practices against mosquito bites among Undergraduate students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi were conducted from January to April, 2016. Data was collected from a total of 300 students across the University hostels and private accommodation around the campus using structured questionnaires. Of the 300 students interviewed, 171 (57%) were males while 129 (43%) were females, and all of them (100%) had used one or more forms of the protective practices against mosquito bites. The age group 15-25 years had the highest number of responses (67%) while age group 35-45 years recorded the least number of responses (0.7%) respectively. The responses were significantly dependent on the age and sex of respondents (χ2 = 47.247, df = 3, P > 0.05). The use of window nets as protection against mosquito bites recorded the highest frequency 233/300(77.7%) while the use of mosquito weeds as repellents had the least number of respondents 2/300(0.7%) respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between male and female respondents. Similarly, the responses varied significantly (P < 0.05) across the age groups. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the level of effectiveness of the protective measures used among the students. The use of window and door nets, insecticide treated nets and insecticidal sprays were the most commonly used protection against mosquito bites. The fact that a large population of the respondents had used at least one control measure or the other against mosquito bites provided evidence for high rate of mosquito bites in the University community. It is recommended that Insecticide Treated Nets should be distributed free to the students on seasonal basis and proper environmental sanitation should be encouraged to destroy mosquito breeding sites in the community.
Abstract: Mosquito-borne diseases are of public health significance in Makurdi, Nigeria. Investigations on the protective practices against mosquito bites among Undergraduate students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi were conducted from January to April, 2016. Data was collected from a total of 300 students across the University hostels and priva...
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Association of Meteorological Factors with Two Principal Malaria Vector Complexes in the University of Agriculture Makurdi Community, Central Nigeria
Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter,
Dechi Aloysius Aondowase,
Azua Emmanuel Terese
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, December 2017
Pages:
31-38
Received:
29 May 2017
Accepted:
26 August 2017
Published:
9 October 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.aje.20170102.12
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Abstract: Association between meteorological indices and two major malaria vectors - Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus complexes was determined in the Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi community, Nigeria, from July, 2015 to June, 2016. Meteorological data (Temperature, Rainfall and Relative Humidity) were obtained at the Nigerian Meteorological Agency, Tactical Air Command in Makurdi. Adult Anopheles mosquitoes (n = 3,053), comprising Anopheles gambiae s.l. [1,981(64.9%)] and Anopheles funestus complex [1,072(35.1%)], were collected indoors across four localities in the University Community and identified using standard keys and procedures. There were no marked fluctuations in mean atmospheric temperature throughout the study period, with the highest records of 35.9°C and 37.9°C for February and April, 2016 respectively. Relative humidity increased proportionally to rainfall, ranging from 46% - 89%. The Anopheles vector population was significantly (P < 0.05) higher during the wet season than the dry season. Pearsons’s correlation showed strong negative and significant relationship (r = -0.707, -0.653, P < 0.05) between temperature and the Anopheles species across the localities. Rainfall and relative humidity correlated positively and significantly (r = 0.735, 0.632, P < 0.05) with the Anopheles species’ population. Regression analysis showed strong linear relationships (R2 = 0.506465, R2 = 0.526724 and R2 = 0.665319 for temperature, rainfall and humidity respectively) between meteorological indices and the Anopheles population. This work has added to the existing data on the relationship between malaria vectors and weather factors which may enhance knowledge on malaria entomology and future malaria control interventions in the study area and beyond.
Abstract: Association between meteorological indices and two major malaria vectors - Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus complexes was determined in the Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi community, Nigeria, from July, 2015 to June, 2016. Meteorological data (Temperature, Rainfall and Relative Humidity) were obtained at the Nigerian Meteorologica...
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Nematicidal Activity of Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Datura metel, Datura innoxia and Brugmansia suaveolens
Aiyadurai Nandakumar,
Muthu Mayil Vaganan,
Palaniyandi Sundararaju,
Rajangam Udayakumar
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 2, December 2017
Pages:
39-45
Received:
11 May 2017
Accepted:
3 August 2017
Published:
6 November 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.aje.20170102.13
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Abstract: The present study was aimed to screen the phytochemicals and to evaluate nematicidal activity of leaf of Datura metel, Datura innoxia and Brugmansia suaveolens. Phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, cardiac glycosides, anthroquinone glycosides, saponins and triterpenes were analyzed by qualitatively in aqueous leaf extracts of Datura metel, Datura innoxia and Brugmansia suaveolens. The extracts were showed positive results for phytocompounds like alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, saponins and triterpenes in leaf of Datura metel, Datura innoxia and Brugmansia suaveolens. The cardiac glycosides and anthroquinone glycosides were absent in all three leaf extracts. The nematicidal potential of aqueous extracts of leaf of Datura metel, Datura innoxia and Brugmansia suaveolens against the most devastating root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita was studied. The leaf samples were subjected to nematicidal activity at different concentrations like 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%. The in vitro nematicidal activity showed that the aqueous leaf extract of Brugmansia suaveolens possessed maximum mortality on second stage juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita when compared with Datura metel and Datura innoxia. The concentrations of extract at 1.5% and 2% were found more effective against nematodes when compared to 0.5% and 1%. The mortality rate was also increased with increasing exposure time with leaf extracts. From these results, this study concluded that the nematicidal activity may be due to the presence of phytocompounds in leaf of Datura metel, Datura innoxia and Brugmansia suaveolens. This information would be useful for further characterization and purification of individual nematicidal compounds from these plants and it may also be helpful to find new bionematicidal compounds.
Abstract: The present study was aimed to screen the phytochemicals and to evaluate nematicidal activity of leaf of Datura metel, Datura innoxia and Brugmansia suaveolens. Phytoconstituents such as alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, cardiac glycosides, anthroquinone glycosides, saponins and triterpenes were analyzed by q...
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