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Research Article
Influence of Biochar and Variety on Growth, Yield and Quality of Onion (Allium cepa L.) at Abaya Wereda, West Guji Zone
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
117-125
Received:
1 September 2024
Accepted:
23 September 2024
Published:
20 November 2024
Abstract: A field experiment was carried out at Guji zone Abaya wereda during the 2022/23 cropping season. Onion is much needed almost in all Ethiopian daily dishes. However, the potential of onion production is found at Gololcha village of Abaya wereda, onion is imported from Batu (Ziway) and Shashemene to Sidama, Gedeo and Guji zone. This is happened due to lack of research output for the potential area for production of onion. Rather than improving productivity of a crop at an area through using inorganic fertilizer, it is better to use improved varieties and organic fertilizer to save the environment. Therefore, the first approach to mitigate this gap is to evaluate the best performing varieties and organic farming practice to the area. Thus, an experiment was conducted to evaluate for best performing Onion variety and biochar application rate in the study area. Treatments consisted of six onion varieties (Adama red, Bombay red, Nafis, Nasik red. robaf and Local Variety) and four biochar application rate (0, 5, 10, 15 tha-1). The results of the study showed that Nafis and 10 tha-1 significantly (p<0.05) increased in growth and yield compared to other Variety and biochar application rate. As results from the study revealed, 10 tha-1 could be successfully used to obtain better growth, yield and quality of onion. However, further testing is required in different locations on different season.
Abstract: A field experiment was carried out at Guji zone Abaya wereda during the 2022/23 cropping season. Onion is much needed almost in all Ethiopian daily dishes. However, the potential of onion production is found at Gololcha village of Abaya wereda, onion is imported from Batu (Ziway) and Shashemene to Sidama, Gedeo and Guji zone. This is happened due t...
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Review Article
Evolving Processing Methods Effect on Quality in Coffee Production; Cases of Animal Poop Coffee; Review
Mohammedsani Zakir Shehasen*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
126-134
Received:
2 October 2024
Accepted:
30 October 2024
Published:
22 November 2024
Abstract: This paper explores the intricate dynamics and evolving methodologies surrounding coffee bean and beverage quality, which are crucial determinants of market pricing. The quality of coffee is shaped by an intricate interplay of genetic, environmental, postharvest processing factors, which collectively account for up to 60% of its final quality. Postharvest processing methods including traditional and contemporary approaches like honey processing, anaerobic fermentation, and digestion methods or animal poop that involving animal interactions exhibit diverse impacts on the aromatic profile and sensory attributes of coffee. Among the most intriguing innovations are methods involving animal assistance, notably the production of Kopi Luwak, Black Ivory coffee, and other animal derived coffee variants, which leverage the unique fermentation processes occurring within the digestive tracts of animals such as civets, elephants, monkeys, bats, birds and Coati. The fermentation of beans in these novel methods influences not only the flavor and aroma but also raises ethical and sustainability concerns related to animal welfare. This review synthesizes recent findings on the impact of various processing techniques on coffee quality, highlights the potential for enhancing sensory characteristics through evolving methods, and underscores the importance of ethical sourcing practices in the face of consumer demand for unique, high-quality coffee. By advancing understanding in these areas, the paper aims to contribute to the continued innovation and improvement in coffee processing, with a focus on balancing quality, sustainability, and ethical considerations.
Abstract: This paper explores the intricate dynamics and evolving methodologies surrounding coffee bean and beverage quality, which are crucial determinants of market pricing. The quality of coffee is shaped by an intricate interplay of genetic, environmental, postharvest processing factors, which collectively account for up to 60% of its final quality. Post...
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Research Article
Plasma Torch Height Tracking Based on Rolling Grey Prediction
Yong Sik Kye,
Yun Sik Choe*,
Sung Chol Song,
Myong Guk Paek,
Gun Sik Ju,
Hae Hong
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
135-142
Received:
11 October 2024
Accepted:
15 November 2024
Published:
13 December 2024
Abstract: Among the parameters influencing plasma arc cutting, arc current, cutting speed, and plasma torch height act as the main factors. Among them, the plasma torch height plays an important role in improving the kerf width and cut quality, and the automatic control of the plasma torch height is essential due to the deformation of the workpiece during the cutting process. Therefore, according to the surface condition of the workpiece during plasma cutting, it is required to have automatic control so that the gap between the plasma nozzle and the cut workpiece remains constant. The plasma torch height control system in this paper consists of the sensing, controller, prediction, and stepper motor control system of the plasma torch height. Here, the rolling mode grey prediction algorithm is applied to predict the next state for the cutting forward direction and to control the previous data continuously updating. It is shown by the Simulink results of Matlab that the plasma torch height tracking with rolling grey prediction has better tracking accuracy than the general PID control method. In addition, the comparison between the plasma torch height tracking experimental results using the rolling grey prediction based method and the tracking experimental results using the general PID control method in the cutting test showed that the variation of the arc voltage is less, the cutting width is smaller, and the tracking performance is improved.
Abstract: Among the parameters influencing plasma arc cutting, arc current, cutting speed, and plasma torch height act as the main factors. Among them, the plasma torch height plays an important role in improving the kerf width and cut quality, and the automatic control of the plasma torch height is essential due to the deformation of the workpiece during th...
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Research Article
Socio-political Struggle and the Problem of State Building in Ukraine in the 60's of the XVII Century
Mykhailo Pasichnyk*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 6, December 2024
Pages:
143-150
Received:
19 September 2024
Accepted:
21 November 2024
Published:
19 December 2024
Abstract: 60-80s of the 17th century. entered the history of Ukraine as the "Age of Ruin". Unfortunately, the heirs of B. Khmelnytskyi could not successfully complete his endeavors. The beginning of the Age of Ruin was the removal of Yu. Khmelnytskyi from power in the fall of 1657. I. Vyhovskyi and his supporters actually carried out a coup d'état. In the post of hetman, I. Vyhovsky pursued an anti-Moscow policy, defeated the pro-Moscow uprising of the Cossacks (1658), and sent Russian troops to Konotop (1659). He concluded an agreement with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Hadiachy (1658), which was ratified by the Polish Diet. This agreement too limited the rights of Ukraine, which reduced Vyhovsky's support among the Cossacks. In October 1659 he was removed from the hetmanship at the "Black Council" and returned power to Yuri Khmelnytskyi. After that, he was in the Polish civil service. In 1664, by order of his personal enemy - the then hetman of Right Bank Ukraine, Pavlo Teteri - he was arrested, baselessly accused of treason against the Polish king and shot. The formal reason for these actions was Yu. Khmelnytskyi's youth, illness, and weakness. The real reasons are the deterioration of the state's geopolitical situation, the strengthening of social opposition in society, the struggle of individual elite groups for power, weak support for the idea of hereditary monarchy, etc.
Abstract: 60-80s of the 17th century. entered the history of Ukraine as the "Age of Ruin". Unfortunately, the heirs of B. Khmelnytskyi could not successfully complete his endeavors. The beginning of the Age of Ruin was the removal of Yu. Khmelnytskyi from power in the fall of 1657. I. Vyhovskyi and his supporters actually carried out a coup d'état. In the po...
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