Pollution Characteristics of Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds During Ozone Episode in Tangshan
Danying Shan,
Zhenyu Du,
Ting Zhang,
Xiulan Zhang,
Guan Cao,
Zirui Liu,
Siyuan Liang,
Zhixiao Yao,
Dianlong Shi
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 6, December 2022
Pages:
140-144
Received:
30 October 2022
Accepted:
5 December 2022
Published:
8 December 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijema.20221006.11
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Abstract: Analysis of ambient air samples for 117 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was performed from April to September 2020 in Tangshan City using preconcentration-GC/MS and high-performance liquid chromatography methods. During sampling, daily average concentration of total VOCs (TVOC) varied from 42 µg/m3 to 213 µg/m3. Contributions of alkanes, OVOCs, aromatics and halogenated hydrocarbons to TVOC were 32%, 28.7%, 18.4%, and 11.0%, respectively, and formaldehyde, propane, acetone, aldehyde, toluene, ethylene, m/p-xylene, n-butane and chloromethane were the dominate species of VOCs in Tangshan City. Results of source apportionment showed that vehicle emissions, combustion, gasoline evaporation and solvent usage were 4 important sources of VOCs in Tangshan. Aromatics contributed 48.7% to total ozone formation potential (OFP), followed by OVOCs, alkenes and alkanes, contributing 26.6%, 14.9% and 9.4% to total OFP, respectively. Arranged in descending order, the 10 species contributing most to total OFP were m/p-xylene, formaldehyde, toluene, acetaldehyde, ethylene, o-xylene, ethylbenzene, propylene, 1-butene and isopentane, and their contributions to total OFP were 19.1%, 17.3%, 11.5%, 7.7%, 7.6%, 7.6%, 3.5%, 2.0%, 2.0% and 1.5%, respectively. The sensitivity of ozone (O3) production was studied with an empirical kinetic modeling approach (EKMA) model. It was found that ozone formation in Tangshan City was under VOC-limited conditions, indicating the importance of emission reduction of VOCs to ozone pollution control.
Abstract: Analysis of ambient air samples for 117 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was performed from April to September 2020 in Tangshan City using preconcentration-GC/MS and high-performance liquid chromatography methods. During sampling, daily average concentration of total VOCs (TVOC) varied from 42 µg/m3 to 213 µg/m3. Contributions of alkanes, OVOCs, a...
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A Preliminary Study on the Sublethal Effect of Greases Used in Oil Drilling Wells with Earthworms Assay
Samantha Souza de Almeida,
Bárbara Santos da Silva Oliveira,
Jorge Luiz Cerqueira Santos,
Eduardo Santos Silva,
Marcos Massao Murata,
Ocimar Ferreira de Andrade,
Victor Barbosa Saraiva,
Manildo Marcião de Oliveira*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 6, December 2022
Pages:
145-148
Received:
11 December 2022
Accepted:
30 December 2022
Published:
17 January 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijema.20221006.12
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Abstract: As a result of the world's dependence on oil, as well as the impact this production chain has on some producing countries. There is a certain carelessness when the objective is to reduce the impacts that the activity produces on the environment. Thus, investigations on chemical compounds used and produced by this industry are necessary and relevant. In order to identify possible toxic effects on organisms from terrestrial environments, this study analyzed the effects of Kendex OCTG and Jet Lube® Korr-Guard™ thread compounds on Eisenia andrei (earthworms). Standard NBR ISO 17512-1 - Soil Quality - Leakage test to assess soil quality and effects of chemical substances on behavior Part 1: Assay with earthworms (Eisenia fetida and Eisenia andrei) was used. In the earthworm escape, test only Kendex OCTG showed a sublethal effect similar to the reference compound, boric acid, while the tested worms Jet Lube® Korr-Guard™ showed attraction behavior. The ecotoxicological approaches showed that, regarding the sublethality parameter, no ecotoxicological risk was demonstrated in the Jet Lube® Korr-Guard™ dope, while the Kendex OCTG thread compound showed a sublethal to Eisenia andrei, representing this risk form for terrestrial organisms. We suggest further studies with other parameters (genotoxicity, neurotoxicity and cytotoxicity, for example) that may add more ecotoxicological information to these products.
Abstract: As a result of the world's dependence on oil, as well as the impact this production chain has on some producing countries. There is a certain carelessness when the objective is to reduce the impacts that the activity produces on the environment. Thus, investigations on chemical compounds used and produced by this industry are necessary and relevant...
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