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Quality of Essential Newborn Care Provision and Associated Factors in Western Ethiopia
Hunduma Dina Hambisa,
Desalegn Emana,
Samuel Gedamu,
Berhane Teklay Asfaha
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
33-40
Received:
29 July 2022
Accepted:
29 December 2022
Published:
6 June 2023
Abstract: Background: Improving essential newborn care knowledge and quality of the services are a cost-effective approach to increase newborn survival. Objective: This study intended to assess factors associated with knowledge and quality of essential newborn care provision in western Ethiopia among nurses and midwives Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Data was collected by interviewer-administered structured questionnaires, entered by Epi-data 3.1version, and analyzed by using SPSS version 26. The strength of association between independent and dependent variables was measured by odd ratios with 95% CI at the p-value of < 0.05. Result and Conclusion: The Mean value of good score of essential newborn care provision was 41.5% with [95% CI (38.3, 48.5)]. Training, educational qualification, availability of newborn care materials, and work experience were significantly associated with knowledge and provision of essential newborn care. Since the quality score of essential newborn care is low compared to other studies in Ethiopia, the interventional area should be focused on newborn care providers' capacity building and increased equipment availability for essential newborn care provision.
Abstract: Background: Improving essential newborn care knowledge and quality of the services are a cost-effective approach to increase newborn survival. Objective: This study intended to assess factors associated with knowledge and quality of essential newborn care provision in western Ethiopia among nurses and midwives Methods: Institutional based cross-sec...
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Profiling Trace Metal Contaminants of Toxicological Interest in Commercially Available Cannabidiol (CBD) Tincture Oils
Amaya Foran,
Lily Slater,
Bert Woods,
Robert Thomas,
Tom Gluodenis
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
41-46
Received:
6 May 2023
Accepted:
23 May 2023
Published:
6 June 2023
Abstract: There is legitimate concern over the rise in chronic health issues related to metals contamination in hemp derived cannabidiol (CBD) infused products. Hemp is a hyperaccumulator plant increasingly used for environmental reclamation given its unique ability to tolerate heavy metal stress. Cannabidiol and other cannabinoids are extracted from hemp and infused into consumer products, hence the potential exists for the transfer of heavy metals. Current U.S. state-based testing regulations primarily target cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), and lead (Pb). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the currently mandated testing requirements and assess the potential need for testing other metals of toxicological interest. Fifty-two commercially available full spectrum, CBD tincture oils were analyzed for Cd, Hg, As, and Pb as well as the additional 20 metals recommended by the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) Guideline for Elemental Impurities Q3D (R1) in medicinal products. Samples were prepared using microwave assisted acid digestion and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The fifty-two samples tested were in compliance with current regulations for Cd, As, and Hg. Lead results were more variable with four of the fifty-two samples analyzed (8%) exceeding 0.5 ppm which is the maximum contaminant level (MCL) for oral consumption in many states. Given that independent laboratory tests conducted by the manufacturer or their agents certified the products to be in compliance at the time of shipping, a question exists as to whether the Pb contamination originated from the hemp biomass or the product packaging. The results for the other 20 metals were all well within the Permitted Daily Exposure (PDE) levels recommended by the ICH indicating no evidence based upon this limited sample population for the need for expanded metals testing requirements.
Abstract: There is legitimate concern over the rise in chronic health issues related to metals contamination in hemp derived cannabidiol (CBD) infused products. Hemp is a hyperaccumulator plant increasingly used for environmental reclamation given its unique ability to tolerate heavy metal stress. Cannabidiol and other cannabinoids are extracted from hemp an...
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Study of Transfusion Incidents and Accidents at the Central Hospital of Yaounde
Guy Roland Awoundza Metomo,
Akono Laurent,
Cedric Gueguim,
Serge Damase Oyong Assiene,
Marthe Viviane Fonkam,
Lucien Honore Etame Sone
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
47-52
Received:
2 May 2023
Accepted:
5 June 2023
Published:
27 June 2023
Abstract: Blood transfusion is a medical act consisting of administering blood or one of its derivatives from a donor to a recipient. In order to identify the failures and complications related to blood transfusions in our country, we conducted a study on transfusion incidents and accidents with the aim of contributing to the improvement of transfusion safety in our context. To study transfusion safety at the Central Hospital of Yaounde, we conducted a longitudinal descriptive observational study over a period of four months at the Central Hospital of Yaounde (CHY). Our study population consisted of 77 patients. We excluded from our study all non-consenting patients, those for whom we did not witness the process of delivery of their labile blood products to the blood bank, those who had already taken a first blood bag before our contact, newborns in neonatology, and those whose nursing staff would have refused to witness the process of labile blood products administration. Variables studied were sociodemographic data, transfusion history, pre-transfusion procedural errors, adverse reactions during and after transfusion. Seventy-seven (77) patients with a mean age of 37.92 ± 15.99 were divided into 4 departments where women represented 64.90% and the age group most transfused was 30 to 35 years. The absence of pre-transfusion parameters, the verification of the labile blood products at reception (60.8%), and the final control at the patient's bed (58.8%) were not effective. Minor allergic reactions (46.2%), non-hemolytic febrile reactions (43.6%) and major allergic reactions (7.7%) were the main transfusion complications. Blood transfusion, a source of human solidarity, obeys certain standards which practitioners must improve over time. It is imperative to set up a system of continuous training for blood transfusion personnel, and to set up anonymous transfusion incident and accident reporting forms in each department.
Abstract: Blood transfusion is a medical act consisting of administering blood or one of its derivatives from a donor to a recipient. In order to identify the failures and complications related to blood transfusions in our country, we conducted a study on transfusion incidents and accidents with the aim of contributing to the improvement of transfusion safet...
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Research Article
Autranella congolensis Extract Prevents Atherogenic Dyslipidemia in Diabetic Rats via Modulation of Global Hepatic DNA Methylation
Nafissatou Maboune,
Martin Fonkoua,
David Goda,
Dany Joël Ngassa Ngoumen,
Jules Kamga Nanhah,
Bruno Dupon Ambamba Akamba,
Jean Paul Chedjou,
Maxwell Wandji Nguedjo,
Fils Armand Ella,
Javeres Leonel Ntepe Mbah,
Guy Roussel Takuissu Nguemto,
Judith Laure Ngondi*
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, June 2023
Pages:
53-59
Received:
17 May 2023
Accepted:
5 June 2023
Published:
27 June 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajbls.20231103.14
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Abstract: DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism involved in the regulation of blood lipid levels which contribute to the cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients. Active agents that target atherogenic dyslipidemias epigenetically are therefore of paramount interest for prevention of cardiovascular complications in these patients. This study aims at evaluating the antiatherogenic effect of hydroethanolic extract of A. congolensis (HEEAC) on diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single dose of 50 mg/kg b.w streptozotocin. Diabetic rats were then treated with 150 mg/kg b.w of HEEAC or with atorvastatin 10 mg/kg b.w (reference drug) for 28 days. At the end of the experimental period, rats were sacrificed, blood samples and liver tissues were collected and the plasma concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol were assessed. The atherogenic indices were also calculated and the liver and blood DNA extracted to determine DNA methylation. Comparing to untreated diabetic rats, the HEEAC treated group showed significant lower values of TG 245.98 ± 41.39 vs 57.88 ± 10.64 mg/dL (p < 0.05), TC 159.88 ± 17.56 vs. 87.77 ± 9.51 mg/dL (p < 0.05), LDL-C 94.51 ± 0.66 vs 48.71 ± 1.45 mg/dL (p < 0.05) and higher values of HDL-C 19.55 ± 1.6 vs 27.49 ± 1.45 (p < 0.05). Atherogenic indices were significantly lowered in HEEAC-group. The effects of HEEAC on lipid profile and atherogenic indices were significantly higher than atorvastatin. Also, the percentage of global hepatic DNA methylation (0.34±0.033 vs 0.63±0.023 %) was significantly increased in HEEAC-group compared to untreated diabetic group. DNA methylation profile in HEEAC-group correlated negatively and significantly (P < 0.01) with LDL-C and TC levels. HEEAC prevents atherogenic dyslipidemia in diabetic rats by targeting global DNA-methylation status in diabetic rats.
Abstract: DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism involved in the regulation of blood lipid levels which contribute to the cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients. Active agents that target atherogenic dyslipidemias epigenetically are therefore of paramount interest for prevention of cardiovascular complications in these patients. This study aims at eval...
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