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Protective and Curative Potentials of Sida corymbosa Extract Against Antioxidant Depletion in Rats Administered Carbon Tetrachloride
Charles Chijioke Dike,
Francis Chukwuemeka Ezeonu,
Chinenye Enoch Oguazu,
Emmanuel Nonso Ezeokafor,
Hugh Clifford Chima Maduka,
Aloysius Ngozika Okpogba,
Akpoghene Eyeghre Onoriode,
Sunday Jacob Asebioyo,
Emilia Chika Nwankwo,
Ebelechukwu Nwaoma Ihekwoaba,
Aronu Cecilia Nkechi
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2021
Pages:
97-110
Received:
27 May 2020
Accepted:
15 June 2020
Published:
4 March 2021
Abstract: Sida corymbosa plant is one of medicinal plants used in many parts of Africa, including Nigeria for the treatment of human diseases. The purpose of this work was to investigate the antioxidant effects of Sida corymbosa ethanolic leaf extract on rats administered carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). One hundred and sixty male-rats between 170-180 g were used. They were grouped into 8 major groups (groups A-H) and 4 subgroups (A1-H4) in each group making it 32 subgroups of 5 rats each. The major groups comprise A (positive control- normal rats giving feed and water only and left for 7-28 d), B (negative control-those administered CCl4 only at 0.4 ml/kgbw and left for 7-28 d), C-H (treatment groups-those administered extract before and after CCl4 administration at 5,000, 3,000 and 1,000 mg/kgbw for 7-28 d). Antioxidant assays were determined using UV-VIS spectrophotometer (model 752g, China). Results of serum antioxidant assays done revealed that levels of serum reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), supraoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) increased significantly (P<0.05) in the treatment groups from 7-28 d, when compared with the negative control. Oxidative assay carried out showed that serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly lower (P<0.05) in treatment groups than in negative control groups. These may be suggesting that the extract may have improved the antioxidant levels of the rats. Sida corymbosa ethanolic leaf extract may, therefore, have positive effects on antioxidant status of rats administered CCl4.
Abstract: Sida corymbosa plant is one of medicinal plants used in many parts of Africa, including Nigeria for the treatment of human diseases. The purpose of this work was to investigate the antioxidant effects of Sida corymbosa ethanolic leaf extract on rats administered carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). One hundred and sixty male-rats between 170-180 g were use...
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Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers Toward Immunization of Their Infants in Shashemene Referral Hospital, West Arsi Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Yonas Gurmu,
Gada Edea,
Eniyewu Molla,
Dirriba Tari,
Elifitu Lamesa,
Elsa Belay
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2021
Pages:
111-119
Received:
21 February 2021
Accepted:
16 April 2021
Published:
29 April 2021
Abstract: Background: Ethiopian was able to expand the immunization service by introducing new vaccines into the country routine immunization program that increased the number of antigens from 10 to 12. Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is one of the key programs in World Health Organization (WHO) Ethiopia under the Maternal, Child Health and Nutrition (MCHN). Compliance to vaccination may be influenced by understanding of the community towards the service. Objective: To assess the knowledge, Attitude and practice of mothers towards vaccination of their infants in Shashemene referral Hospital west Arsi, Zone Oromia Regional state, South-Ethiopia, 2018. Method: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted in shashemene Referral Hospital from February to April 10, 2018. Face to face structured Interview questionnaire was used by systematic sampling techniques. Data collection was start from March 01 to 30, 2018 G. C and after reviewing, data was analyzing with SPSS software version 20. Result: A total of 228 mothers were participated on this study, giving the response rate of 98.1%. From the total respondents (52.3%) of mothers have good knowledge and (42.3%) of them had good practices of services utilization of vaccination for their infants. Conclusion: This study showed that 52.3%, 67.7%, 42.3% of study participant had good knowledge, attitude, and practice towards immunization of infants respectively. Educational interventions are required to improve parents’ knowledge, attitude, and practice.
Abstract: Background: Ethiopian was able to expand the immunization service by introducing new vaccines into the country routine immunization program that increased the number of antigens from 10 to 12. Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is one of the key programs in World Health Organization (WHO) Ethiopia under the Maternal, Child Health and Nutrition ...
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Assessment of Parasites and Bacterial Contamination of Office Door Handles in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State
Pauline Ukamaka Umeanaeto,
Ugochukwu Chukwuma Okafor,
Miracle Chisom Unam,
Chidiogo Chidimma Ilo,
Chukwudinma Chigozie Okoli,
Stella Chinyere Afulukwe,
Nnamdi Enoch Nwakoby
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2021
Pages:
120-127
Received:
11 March 2021
Accepted:
19 April 2021
Published:
29 April 2021
Abstract: Microorganisms are present on all surfaces, to which they were carried by many direct and indirect methods of transmission. Bacteria and Parasites contaminating office door handles in Nnamdi Azikiwe University were assessed between June and November, 2019. The buildings and the door handles were randomly selected. Sterile swabs moistened in sterile normal saline were used to swab the door handles in a tri-directional manner. The swabs were cultured and subcultured onto nutrient, MacConkey and Salmonella-Shigella agar plates for bacterial growth. The specimens were then examined for parasites using Zinc Sulphate floatation and formol-ether sedimentation techniques. Of the 432 door handles examined, 136 (30.8%) were contaminated. The highest number of contaminated doors were found in Medical Centre 41 (30.1%) and the least in Faculty of Social Sciences Complex 10 (7.4%). E. histolytica 52 (38.2%) was the highest parasite encountered while E. vermicularis 2 (1.5%) was the least. The proportion of infected doors as well as the distribution of different species parasites in the door handles of different complexes examined was significant (P<0.05). Of 432 office door handles examined, 263 (60.9%) yielded bacterial growth. Female hostel 72 (27.4%) had more bacterial contamination while Faculty of Social Sciences 25 (9.5%) had the least. Staphylococcus spp 54 (20.5%) was the highest bacteria isolated, followed by Escherichia 53 (20.2%) while Klebsiella 53 (20.2%) was the least. The distribution of different species of bacteria in the door handles in different complexes was significant (P<0.05). Infectious diseases from microbial contaminated door handles are a potential threat to public health and safety therefore certain measures should be taken such as aggressive and frequent cleaning methods and good hand washing to reduce the incidence of bacterial and parasite transmission and contamination.
Abstract: Microorganisms are present on all surfaces, to which they were carried by many direct and indirect methods of transmission. Bacteria and Parasites contaminating office door handles in Nnamdi Azikiwe University were assessed between June and November, 2019. The buildings and the door handles were randomly selected. Sterile swabs moistened in sterile...
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Treating Open Fracture of Lower One Third of Tibia by Ilizarov Technique: A Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Erfanul Huq Siddiqui,
Sheikh Forhad,
Md Shamsul Alam,
Jannat Sultana,
MAA Shameem
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2021
Pages:
128-132
Received:
20 March 2021
Accepted:
2 April 2021
Published:
30 April 2021
Abstract: Introduction: Illizarov technique is a newer but popular method of treating open tibial fractures after debridement and open reduction. Illizarov method has many advantages and features. On the other hand, open fracture of lower one third of tibia is a common occurrence in the orthopedic treatment arena. Open fractures of tibia are classified into Type I, II, IIIA, IIIB and IIIC. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the Ilizarov technique in treating open fracture of lower one third of tibia. Methods: This observational prospective study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedics Surgery in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2017 to December 2017. Thirty six (36) patients with open fracture of lower one third of tibia were selected as the study population. Before starting the intervention the written consent of the participants was taken and this study was approved by the ethical committee of the mentioned hospital. A pre-designed questioner was used in collecting patient data. All data were processed, analyzed and disseminated by MS Office and SPSS version 20 as per need. Results: In this study we found highest 80.56% participants were from road accidents followed by 11.11% from sports injury and rest only 8.33% from general falls. The duration of treatment with the fixator was 12-23 weeks (average 16 weeks). The operation time ranged from 90 minutes to 120 minutes. According to the Karlstrom and Olerud criteria the highest 69.44% patient got ‘excellent’ result. Then 22.22%, 5.56% and 2.78% patients got ‘good’, ‘fair’ and ‘poor’ result respectively. Conclusion: The Ilizarov device is used worldwide for the treatment of several types of fractures. In our study, we found some good features of using Ilizarov induced method in the treatment of open fracture of lower one third of tibia. No case developed deep infection, non-union or unacceptable mal-union. We recommend for more use of Ilizarov technic.
Abstract: Introduction: Illizarov technique is a newer but popular method of treating open tibial fractures after debridement and open reduction. Illizarov method has many advantages and features. On the other hand, open fracture of lower one third of tibia is a common occurrence in the orthopedic treatment arena. Open fractures of tibia are classified into ...
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