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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People’s Health and Management Strategies
Ke Gao,
Yang Qu,
Shuyue Wang,
Puxian Bai
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
158-164
Received:
13 June 2022
Accepted:
13 July 2022
Published:
20 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20221004.11
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Abstract: Long-term sequelae of neocrown pneumonia are usually symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, cognitive dysfunction, and neurological impairment that persist in people with neocrown virus infection and cannot be explained by other diagnoses. A combination of studies has found that sequelae due to different strains do not fundamentally differ across regions of the world, that long-term sequelae can occur in mildly and asymptomatically infected individuals. More importantly, the COVID-19 pandemic may cause paralysis of healthcare institutions. The impact of long-term sequelae of neocrown pneumonia is emerging. The good news is that it may force the population of the healthy living and the implementation of graded treatment. Also, it can help promote traditional Chinese medicine. As far as the application of the Internet in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic is concerned, both Internet medical care and pharmaceutical e-commerce have opportunities to develop. But its negative effects are also obvious. The COVID-19 pandemic not only affect the normal order of social production and life, but also threaten the human health continuously. Badly, it will shock the health care system and challenge the equity of the access to health services. Large gap between online pharmaceutical services and actual demand is another serious problem. Four countermeasures are proposed to address the above problems. First, construct a modern health governance system. Second, improve the modernization of major pandemic treatment system. Third, strengthen the prevention and control of major pandemics. Fourth, innovate the medical service model.
Abstract: Long-term sequelae of neocrown pneumonia are usually symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, cognitive dysfunction, and neurological impairment that persist in people with neocrown virus infection and cannot be explained by other diagnoses. A combination of studies has found that sequelae due to different strains do not fundamentally differ ...
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Physiochemical Parameters of Composited Cow and Goat Waste as Mitigation to Municipal Waste
Joy Ogechi Max-Ikechebelu,
Olatunde Ademoye Falusi,
Olayinka Mark Bolaji
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
165-181
Received:
20 June 2022
Accepted:
8 July 2022
Published:
20 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20221004.12
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Abstract: Introduction: Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is an emerging global issue which is mainly affecting municipalities in many countries. According to the Word Bank, an estimated 2.24 billion tonnes of solid waste was generated in 2020, it is expected that by 2050, 3.88 billion tonnes of waste will be generated annually, which is 73% increase from the 2020 level of waste generation. Indiscriminate dumping of refuse creates serious environmental problems to humans and the ecosystem. Composting is one of low cost biological which is catalysed by microbial activities. The physical-chemical parameter affected by this process include temperature, aeration, moisture content, Carbon:Nitrogen ratio and pH. Materials and Methods: It was an applied study. Mixed market waste was collected from the traders in the market and taken straight to the receiving bay (shed). The biodegradable organic materials were sorted from the non-biodegradable materials for the compost. The organic solid wastes used for compositing were divided into 4 treatment groups of Cow Manure with organic waste (CM), Goat Manure with organic waste (GM), Cow and Goat Manure with organic waste (CGM) and Organic Waste alone (OW). Results: The treatment group of organic wastes alone (OW) had the highest mean weight of 224±2.00 at baseline and 61.50±1.50 post treatment. GM had a mean of 201.0±1.00 at baseline and 67.00±3.00 post treatment. Chemical analysis showed that the matured compost consisted of the following: Carbon, Nitrogen, phosphorus, and Potassium. CM and GM gave a C:N ratio was 15:1 each, an indication of high nitrogen, resulting to fast decomposition of the biomass. Chemical analysis of CGM showed a C:N ratio of 16:1 while compost made without the addition of the ruminant wastes OW gave a C:N ratio of 18:1 which is an indication of low nitrogen resulting to the slow decomposition of the biomass. During the composting process, pH, temperature and moisture content of the composts ranged between 6.5-8.3, 30°C-61°C, and 30-63% respectively. Conclusion: Conversion of solid organic waste into manure helps to minimize environmental pollution. Basic essential nutrients in chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and Potassium present in compost will however reduce the need for synthetic fertilizers.
Abstract: Introduction: Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is an emerging global issue which is mainly affecting municipalities in many countries. According to the Word Bank, an estimated 2.24 billion tonnes of solid waste was generated in 2020, it is expected that by 2050, 3.88 billion tonnes of waste will be generated annually, which is 73% increase from the 2020...
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Development and Exploration of Surgical Diseases and Skills in General Practice
Chao Liu,
Shi Yan Li,
Shao Tao Xiang,
Ze Lang Xia Mu,
Dao Hong Zhou,
Xiang Wang,
Hua Jun Zhang,
Qing Hui Wu,
Ze Weng Zhi Ma,
Kai Qiang Sang,
Hao Zhang
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
182-189
Received:
22 June 2022
Accepted:
7 July 2022
Published:
20 July 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20221004.13
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Abstract: Background: General practice is a discipline integrating clinical medicine, rehabilitation medicine and social humanities. In clinical medicine, the horizontal scope includes internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, emergency medicine and other disciplines. The imagination of surgical diseases and skills development in general practice is to integrate common surgical diseases in general practice with common and life-saving surgical skills, rehabilitation medicine and social humanities. Surgical diseases and skills in general practice mainly involve many common and frequently-occurring diseases in surgery, as well as common, routine and first-aid operations. Chinese and foreign science and technology in general practice are mainly characterized by first aid, life-saving, common and multiple surgical diseases. The development and exploration of Chinese and foreign scientific diseases and skills in general practice is in line with the actual situation of primary medical institutions in China. Purpose of research: The purpose of this study is to reduce patients' medical expenses, improve patients' satisfaction with medical treatment, and truly solve the problems such as medical difficulties, so that specialized large hospitals can concentrate on the study of tumor diseases and major surgical operations, and improve the diagnosis and treatment rate of tumors and rare diseases. Significance of research: With the progress and practice of society, the expansion of surgical diseases and skills in general practice will become the development goal of primary medical institutions in the world, bringing common diseases, frequently-occurring diseases and emergency surgical skills in multiple surgical diseases to primary hospitals, truly embodying patient-centered and making patients get benefits. At present, the development of surgical diseases and surgical skills in general practice is being explored. Problems to be solved in this study: In general practice, it is necessary to improve the theory and system of surgical diseases and skills, as well as the training scheme and opinions of surgeons.
Abstract: Background: General practice is a discipline integrating clinical medicine, rehabilitation medicine and social humanities. In clinical medicine, the horizontal scope includes internal medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, emergency medicine and other disciplines. The imagination of surgical diseases and skills development in gen...
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High-Risk Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia with a Fatal Clinical Course After a Full-Term Pregnancy
Carlos Andres Trejos Ramirez,
Juan Alejandro Gomez
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
190-192
Received:
7 July 2022
Accepted:
29 July 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20221004.14
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Abstract: Gestational trophoblastic disease covers a spectrum of benign and malignant conditions arising from pregnancies with highly abnormal development of trophoblastic tissue and leading to an irregular birth event. When this event occurs after surgery (eg, curettage) or evidence of metastatic disease arises, it is termed Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia and includes invasive mole, placental site trophoblastic tumor, epithelioid trophoblastic tumor, and choriocarcinoma. In this context, it is a rare condition, with various forms of clinical presentation and with diagnostic alternatives that include imaging (transvaginal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography), the measurement of hCG, which is useful for diagnosis and prognosis, and histology. Regarding treatment, it has been shown that if it is adequate and carried out by a multidisciplinary team, which involves polychemotherapy, radiotherapy and adjuvant surgery, it has a survival rate close to 70% if it is carried out early. This article reports an unusual case of a 32-year-old multipregnant woman who presented to the emergency department with abnormal uterine bleeding, an enlarged uterus, and hypovolemic shock after a full-term pregnancy with subsequent histological report of gestational trophoblastic disease and a catastrophic outcome due to distant metastases (brain and both lungs) and its complications.
Abstract: Gestational trophoblastic disease covers a spectrum of benign and malignant conditions arising from pregnancies with highly abnormal development of trophoblastic tissue and leading to an irregular birth event. When this event occurs after surgery (eg, curettage) or evidence of metastatic disease arises, it is termed Gestational Trophoblastic Neopla...
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The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Opioid Crisis in the U.S.
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
193-198
Received:
26 July 2022
Accepted:
16 August 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.sjph.20221004.15
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Abstract: Opioid overdoses caused more than 500,000 deaths from 1999 to 2018 in the US and are now seen as an ongoing epidemic. It is still unclear how the opioid epidemic is affected by the recent COVID-19 pandemic in the US. The objectives of this paper are to find the correlation between COVID-19 and the opioid epidemic, determine if racial disparities in opioid overdose have been enlarged due to the pandemic, and investigate the moderating effects of telehealth on overdose rate and COVID-19. To study the correlation between COVID-19 and the opioid epidemic, This paper applys the least square regression method using different measures of COVID-19, such as total COVID-19 deaths and total COVID-19 cases, and different measures of opioid overdose deaths, such as the increase rate and death rate due to overdose. Surprisingly, this paper found a negative correlation between COVID-19 and overdose deaths, which suggests the existence of competing mortality risks between COVID-19 and drug overdoses. To further understand the heterogeneity in the impact of COVID-19 on racial disparities in opioid overdoses, this paper calculated the increase in drug overdose death rates between 2019 and 2020 for different race groups. This paper found that the Asian and Black/African American communities had the highest increases in the rate of drug overdose deaths. This paper then evaluated the role of telehealth in moderating the correlation between drug overdose and COVID-19 by using the Interstate Medical Licensure Compact (IMLCC). The IMLCC reduces the cost of providing telehealth support and induces the provision of telehealth services substantially. Specifically, this study compares the correlation between COVID-19 and the increase in the age-adjusted death rate due to drug overdose in IMLCC participation states and non-participation states. The correlation for non-participation states was greater than that of participation states, suggesting that telehealth has a moderating role between COVID-19 and drug overdose deaths. This paper’s findings first suggest that a re-work of the education system for physicians that teaches providers about biases against different race groups may help diminish racial disparities in opioid treatment and thus decrease the overall rate of overdose deaths. Furthermore, states that are most affected by COVID-19 should receive more federal funding in order to build better healthcare systems to treat those in need. More resources should also be dedicated to expanding telehealth, as it offers a promising low-cost solution to those unable to access in-person medical appointments and vital opioid treatment and reduces the impact of COVID-19 on the opioid epidemic.
Abstract: Opioid overdoses caused more than 500,000 deaths from 1999 to 2018 in the US and are now seen as an ongoing epidemic. It is still unclear how the opioid epidemic is affected by the recent COVID-19 pandemic in the US. The objectives of this paper are to find the correlation between COVID-19 and the opioid epidemic, determine if racial disparities in...
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