Research Article
Evaluation of the Inhibitory Effect and Cytotoxicity of Some Nanoparticles Against Bacterial Isolates from Burn Infections
Asmaa Ahmed Hatem Sultan*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 3, June 2026
Pages:
39-56
Received:
4 March 2026
Accepted:
24 July 2026
Published:
17 August 2026
Abstract: 150 swabs were taken from different burns of patients admitted to Medical City Hospital and Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital. 128 swabs showed morphological examinations. The isolates were confirmed at the species level using Vitek2 compact system for skin diseases. The isolates under study were tested for sensitivity using the drill diffusion method. Nanoparticles were prepared by two methods, chemical synthesis and green synthesis, Aloe vera and aqueous extract of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Bacteria were isolated by 60 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (46.87%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus, with 38 isolates (12.28%), Klebsiella spp. with 20 isolates (15.62%), and the rest of the isolates were Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, with three isolates for each type, i.e. (1.56%). S. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa were the most resistant bacteria to antibiotics, and it was found that substance nanoparticle prepared by Artificial roads nanoparticle. The percentage of Staph. aureus bacteria was (28.12%), while Ps. aeruginosa bacteria was (46.87%). The solutions were at concentrations of (100, 75, 50, 25) M%. It is noted that the highest inhibition concentration was (100) M%. As for the is Staph. aureus and Ps. aeruginosa bacteria isolates zone (48, 45) mm, respectively. It was found that the saffron of (45) mm in inhibiting the isolates of Gram-positive bacteria Staph. aureus. The success of Staph. aureus with nickel oxide with saffron at a rate of MIC. Invivo test animals, and the MBC the conducted two methods tests were, ZETA POTENTIAL. Nanomaterials with a smaller size of 5-12nm called quantum dot were observed, and no agglomeration occurred in them. It was shown that the MTT toxicity assay for the solutions of the IC50 ratio for cancerous PC3, while for cellsand the substance is not toxic to the solution for treating S. aureus bacteria, and Ps. aeruginosa.
Abstract: 150 swabs were taken from different burns of patients admitted to Medical City Hospital and Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital. 128 swabs showed morphological examinations. The isolates were confirmed at the species level using Vitek2 compact system for skin diseases. The isolates under study were tested for sensitivity using the drill diffusion method. Na...
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Research Article
Rational Surgical Management of Rare Complications of Cholelithiasis
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 3, June 2026
Pages:
57-63
Received:
21 July 2026
Accepted:
31 July 2026
Published:
18 August 2026
Abstract: Most patients with gallstone disease undergo elective surgery. However, some patients do not undergo surgery because, despite long-term treatment, they experience only rare complications, the incidence of which does not exceed 1.4%. Rare complications of gallstone disease include external biliary fistulas, cholecystocholedocheal fistulas or Mirizzi syndrome, micro or "large" choledocholithiasis, "shrunken" gallbladder, gallbladder calcification (porcelain gallbladder), and others. Recognizing these rare complications of gallstone disease presents significant challenges, and various types of imaging are the primary methods for their detection. Development of rational surgical management to improve treatment outcomes of rare complications of cholelithiasis. A total of 5,449 patient records for cholelithiasis were reviewed. Of these, 3,332 (61%) were admitted for emergency indications and 2,117 (39%) for elective surgery. Of all patients with calculous cholecystitis, 96 had rare complications, representing a 1.74% incidence. The male-to-female ratio was 1: 4, and the average age of the patients was 70 years. A review of the anamnestic data revealed that the patients had suffered from cholelithiasis for between 5 and 57 years. Of the 96 patients operated on for rare complications of cholelithiasis, 16 (17%) were operated on for emergency indications with acute cholecystitis, 30 (32%) due to the ineffectiveness of conservative treatment, and 14 (15%) due to the failure of endoscopic papillotomy undertaken to resolve mechanical jaundice and cholangitis or due to the development of obstructive cholelithiasis. A study of clinical observations of patients with rare complications of gallstone disease revealed the absence of any pathognomonic manifestations. Only in cases of spontaneous external biliary fistulas, with bile leaking onto the anterior abdominal wall, was the diagnosis immediately apparent. The primary surgical procedure for cholecystodigestive fistulas is their dissection, cholecystectomy, and fistula closure. In cases where choledocholithiasis associated with Mirizzi syndrome cannot be resolved with endoscopic papillotomy, a biliary anastomosis is necessary. The developed surgical approach for rare complications of cholelithiasis aimed at early recognition and prompt surgical intervention led to a favorable short-term outcome in 85 of 96 patients. The overall mortality rate was 11.6% (n=11). The main cause of rare complications of cholelithiasis is a prolonged and/or asymptomatic course of the disease. The best method for preventing this disease is timely surgery during the cold period, preferably minimally invasive. Decompensation of concomitant diseases against the background of a combination of complications of cholelithiasis primarily leads to a fatal outcome.
Abstract: Most patients with gallstone disease undergo elective surgery. However, some patients do not undergo surgery because, despite long-term treatment, they experience only rare complications, the incidence of which does not exceed 1.4%. Rare complications of gallstone disease include external biliary fistulas, cholecystocholedocheal fistulas or Mirizzi...
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