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Seizures Are the Main Sign of Epilepsy: Stages of Seizures
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, June 2023
Pages:
1-3
Received:
9 December 2022
Accepted:
20 January 2023
Published:
4 February 2023
Abstract: A common neurological condition known as epilepsy is characterized by recurrent bouts of uncontrollable body movements that affect only a portion of the body (partial) or the full body (generalized), occasionally accompanied by loss of consciousness and control over bowel or bladder function. Uncontrolled seizures are linked to medical and psychological illness, dependent behavior, a low quality of life, and a higher risk of untimely death. Epilepsy affects people of all ages, ethnicities, sexes, levels of education, socioeconomic status, and social classes worldwide. The prodrome phase is a pre-epileptic feeling or experience that might start hours, days, or even weeks in advance of the actual seizure. The most prevalent prodromal phase symptoms include difficulties maintaining focus, tension, exhaustion, sleep disruptions, behavioral changes (differently smelling, tasting, having ringing in the ears, feeling queasy, etc.), restlessness, and others. The ictal phase defined as spans the interval between the start of a seizure and its conclusion. The phrase "interictal" refers to a phase that occurs between seizures or headaches. "Postictal" refers to the period following a seizure. The duration of postictalphase varies from minutes to hours depending on the type of seizure, the frequency and intensity of seizures, and the length of the seizure.
Abstract: A common neurological condition known as epilepsy is characterized by recurrent bouts of uncontrollable body movements that affect only a portion of the body (partial) or the full body (generalized), occasionally accompanied by loss of consciousness and control over bowel or bladder function. Uncontrolled seizures are linked to medical and psycholo...
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Article Review on Histopathologic Features of Placenta and Adverse Outcome in Pregnant Women with COVID-19 Positive
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, June 2023
Pages:
4-11
Received:
16 December 2022
Accepted:
2 February 2023
Published:
25 May 2023
Abstract: Introduction: The placenta is the highly specialized organ of pregnancy that supports the normal growth and development of the fetus. During intrauterine fetal life placenta is the main metabolic, respiratory, excretory, and endocrine organ. Histologic features of normal placenta are differing according to the trimester of pregnancy. COVID-19 infection affects placenta and fetal membrane. Pregnant women with COVID-19 positive result in placental hyperfusion defects in maternal vessels and oxygenation in the intervillous space affecting perinatal outcome. Methods: Systematic reviews, meta-analysis, cross sectional and cohort studies were obtained through searches on PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Google Scholar, library genesis, Scopus and Web of Science. Key words used for searching are “placenta”, “COVID-19”, “placenta development”, and “placenta histopathology”. Result: Total of 16 articles were included in this review. Many articles are reviewed whether the COVID-19 affects placenta histology and pregnancy adverse outcome in intrauterine life. Finally article which fulfills inclusion criteria are identified and reviewed. Review indicated that histopathologic features of placenta and adverse pregnancy outcome in COVID-19 confirmed pregnant women briefly. Conclusion: COVID-19 affects the placenta during pregnancy. Histopathologic findings of placenta in pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 positive are fibrin deposition, micro classification, thrombus, avascular villi, infraction, and villous edema. Most common pregnancy adverse outcome are preterm birth, miscarriage and still birth.
Abstract: Introduction: The placenta is the highly specialized organ of pregnancy that supports the normal growth and development of the fetus. During intrauterine fetal life placenta is the main metabolic, respiratory, excretory, and endocrine organ. Histologic features of normal placenta are differing according to the trimester of pregnancy. COVID-19 infec...
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Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Breast Masses, and Morphologic Patterns of Breast Lesions, Hawassa, Sidama Ethiopia: A Five-Year Review
Kinde Bussa Senbeto,
Alemwossen Teklehaymanot Alem,
Bizunesh Dires Fenta,
Selamawit Abebe Ayele,
Abraham Kassahun Tadele,
Tesfalem Israel Korga,
Abebaw Amare Wodajo
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, June 2023
Pages:
12-17
Received:
26 April 2023
Accepted:
21 June 2023
Published:
13 July 2023
Abstract: Most breast diseases are presented as mass lesions that can be easily detected by the patients or during clinical examination and breast imaging. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the breast is an unquestionably useful test in differentiating various benign and malignant breast lesions however its diagnostic accuracy is still poorly known. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the validity and diagnostic performance of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnoses of breast masses and describe morphologic patterns of breast pathology in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. This is a five years retrospective cross-sectional study of all breast lumps that underwent fine needle aspiration cytology and subsequent histopathology evaluation in the Department of Pathology, Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital Sidama, Ethiopia from September 2015 to August 2019. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated and morphologic patterns of breast pathology were described. Fibroadenoma and invasive ductal carcinoma were the most common benign and malignant breast lesions, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology of breast lumps were found to be 97.64%, 95.89%, 96.5%, 97.2%, and 96.8% respectively. FNAC is a valid method with high sensitivity and specificity for preoperative diagnosis of breast lesions, and we recommend the popularization of FNAC in our practice to complement histological diagnosis of breast lesions for early diagnosis and optimum treatment of our patients.
Abstract: Most breast diseases are presented as mass lesions that can be easily detected by the patients or during clinical examination and breast imaging. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of the breast is an unquestionably useful test in differentiating various benign and malignant breast lesions however its diagnostic accuracy is still poorly known. Therefore...
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Qualification: Lactic Acid as a Prognostic Tool in the Patient with Severe Trauma
Mara Veronica Alvarez Valdes,
Yali Libertad Bordies Lavin,
Alberto Denis Perez
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, June 2023
Pages:
18-23
Received:
15 June 2023
Accepted:
30 June 2023
Published:
13 July 2023
Abstract: Introduction: The severe polytraumatized patient is defined as that individual who presents two or more severe traumatic injuries, whether peripheral or visceral, which lead to respiratory or circulatory repercussions and put life at risk. Acidosis, hypothermia and coagulopathy called the "deadly triad" develops as a consequence of the metabolic changes induced by polytraumatism, are difficult to assess, diagnose and treat, since they present a high vital risk, for which reason requires rapid, complex and multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment; through consecutive and ordered steps, based on the condition of each one of them. The persistent elevation of lactic acid levels has proven to be a useful marker to establish the incidence of mortality in certain entities. Objective: To determine the prognostic value of lactic acid in patients with severe trauma. Methods: Descriptive, longitudinal, prospective study during the period between January 2018 and December 2020, with a universe of 21 patients, theoretical and empirical methods were applied. As main Results: There was a predominance of the male sex in 71.4% in the ages between 21 and 40 years, 42.9% had a moderate behavior in relation to hierlactacidemia, the complications and the state at discharge were evidenced. in a positively proportional way, not so the base excess and the stay. Conclusions: LA is a prognostic biochemical marker to be taken into account in the evolution of polytraumatized patients.
Abstract: Introduction: The severe polytraumatized patient is defined as that individual who presents two or more severe traumatic injuries, whether peripheral or visceral, which lead to respiratory or circulatory repercussions and put life at risk. Acidosis, hypothermia and coagulopathy called the "deadly triad" develops as a consequence of the metabolic ch...
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