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Research Article
Review on Development and Performance Evaluation of Soybean Threshing Machine
Desta Abera*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
101-107
Received:
18 October 2025
Accepted:
3 November 2025
Published:
8 December 2025
Abstract: Producing and consuming more soy would improve the situation (food security) because it provides a balanced diet of calories and protein. Even though soy beans are crucial for addressing the country's ongoing issues with food insecurity, little attention has been paid to their production, supply, and export. Threshing is one of most critical post- harvest operations of grain crops. Varieties of grains are produced and threshed traditionally. The traditional threshing of soybean is one of the most time-consuming operations which involves drudgery, grain loss and breakage due to manual threshing by beating using a stick and using animal trampling in some places. In the present paper, an effort has been made to perform a literature review on development and the performance evaluation of soybean threshing machines. Soybean threshing or simply soybean threshing is the most important aspect of post-harvest operation of soybean. It involves detaching of the soybean grain from its stalks. The mechanization of soybean threshing has undergone significant evolution, driven by the need to improve efficiency, reduce post-harvest losses, and enhance grain quality. This review explores the historical progression, design innovations, and performance metrics of soybean threshing machines, highlighting key technological milestones from manual methods to advanced automated systems. Emphasis is placed on the engineering principles behind threshing mechanisms, including axial-flow, tangential, and rotary designs, as well as adaptations for varying moisture content and pod characteristics. The review also examines the integration of sensor technologies, material selection, and energy optimization strategies that have shaped modern threshers. Challenges such as seed damage, machine affordability, and adaptability to smallholder farming systems are discussed, alongside emerging trends in sustainable and precision agriculture. By synthesizing past and current developments, this review provides a comprehensive foundation for future research and innovation in soybean threshing technology.
Abstract: Producing and consuming more soy would improve the situation (food security) because it provides a balanced diet of calories and protein. Even though soy beans are crucial for addressing the country's ongoing issues with food insecurity, little attention has been paid to their production, supply, and export. Threshing is one of most critical post- ...
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Research Article
Performance Evaluation of Engine Operated Faba Bean Threshing Machine
Desta Abera*,
Teressa Diro
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
108-115
Received:
13 October 2025
Accepted:
30 October 2025
Published:
9 December 2025
Abstract: People all over the world use faba beans, a highly valued legume crop with a high protein content, as a source of protein. Despite being a traditional process, threshing is a crop that provides food and feed and has numerous economic benefits for the farming people in Ethiopia's highlands. Even though Ethiopia produces a lot of faba beans, threshing is still done by hand or using traditional methods. The traditional threshing technique for faba beans is time-consuming, tedious, and vulnerable to contamination, waste, and grain or seed damage. The Faba bean thresher was evaluated and tested in terms of threshing capacity, threshing efficiency, cleaning efficiency, and mechanical damage. A diesel engine-powered faba bean threshing thresher was created, built, tested, and assessed in order to address these issues. Conducted at three different concave clearances (25, 30, and 35mm), feed rates (8, 12, and 16kg/min), and cylinder speeds (400, 450, and 500rpm). The factorial, split-split-plot design was the experimental setup used. With a cylinder speed of 500rpm, concave clearance of 35mm, and a feeding rate of 16kg/min, the maximum threshing capacity of 625.54kg/h was achieved. Concave clearing had a greater influence on the threshing efficiency and the proportion of un-threshed grain than other variables. A maximum threshing efficiency of 96.67% was attained with a concave clearance of 25mm and a cylinder speed of 400rpm. A cylinder speed of 500rpm and a concave clearance of 25mm produced the highest cleaning efficiency of 95.00%. At a feeding rate of 16kg/min, a concave clearance of 25mm, and a cylinder speed of 500rpm, the maximum mechanical damage of 6.13% was observed.
Abstract: People all over the world use faba beans, a highly valued legume crop with a high protein content, as a source of protein. Despite being a traditional process, threshing is a crop that provides food and feed and has numerous economic benefits for the farming people in Ethiopia's highlands. Even though Ethiopia produces a lot of faba beans, threshin...
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Research Article
A Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Fluid Flow Through a Venturi Tube
Sintayehu Assefa Endaylalu*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
116-127
Received:
18 October 2025
Accepted:
30 October 2025
Published:
9 December 2025
Abstract: Venturi tubes serve as critical components in various engineering fields. This work focused on investigating the pressure distribution and velocity magnitude from inlet to outlet of the venturi tube, as well as the determination of its performance in terms of coefficient of discharge (CV) using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool Ansys Fluent and experimental tests. The study was conducted in different water fluid actual mass flow rates from 0.1662 to 1.0272 kg/sec. The results show that increasing the inlet flow rate yields an increase in pressure drop, velocity magnitude, and a minor rise in the coefficient of discharge. The study also focused on the inlet/out and throat diameter ratio from 0.207 to 0.586, and the coefficient of discharge increased from 0.11 to 0.96, respectively. The performance is higher in the lowest diameter ratio. On the other hand, the flow separation gradually developed in the divergent section when the diameter ratio decreased. There was a small variation between the CFD results and the experimental test results. The CV was the main performance evaluation of the venturi tube and have 1.95% and 8.01% a maximum difference between the numerical simulation and experimental study results at various inlet flow rates, respectively. Similarly, the coefficient of discharge result difference between the numerical simulation and experimental test is 1.12%.
Abstract: Venturi tubes serve as critical components in various engineering fields. This work focused on investigating the pressure distribution and velocity magnitude from inlet to outlet of the venturi tube, as well as the determination of its performance in terms of coefficient of discharge (CV) using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tool Ansys Flue...
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Review Article
Industrial Engineering in the Age of Industry 5.0: Bridging Technology, Humanity, and Sustainability
Aryaveer Patel,
Priyam Parikh*,
Parth Atulkumar Shah
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
128-144
Received:
8 October 2025
Accepted:
22 October 2025
Published:
19 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajmie.20251006.14
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Abstract: The transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 marks a paradigm shift from automation and digitalization toward a human-centric, sustainable, and resilient industrial ecosystem. This review paper explores the evolving role of Industrial Engineering (IE) within the framework of Industry 5.0, emphasizing the integration of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, digital twins, and additive manufacturing with human intelligence and creativity. Unlike its predecessor, which primarily focused on efficiency and productivity through automation, Industry 5.0 aims to restore the human touch in manufacturing, ensuring that technology augments not replaces human capabilities. The paper synthesizes recent scholarly contributions and industrial case studies to identify how Industry 5.0 redefines traditional IE domains including operations optimization, production planning, quality control, ergonomics, and supply chain management. Furthermore, it discusses the alignment of Industry 5.0 with global sustainability goals, circular economy principles, and socio-technical resilience. The review highlights how Industrial Engineers act as key enablers in designing human-machine symbiotic systems, optimizing smart factories, and ensuring ethical and sustainable deployment of emerging technologies. Finally, the paper outlines research gaps and future directions, advocating for interdisciplinary frameworks that combine engineering, data science, and human factors to achieve a more inclusive and adaptive industrial future. By bridging technology with humanity, Industry 5.0 offers Industrial Engineering a renewed relevance in shaping the factories of tomorrow intelligent, empathetic, and sustainable.
Abstract: The transition from Industry 4.0 to Industry 5.0 marks a paradigm shift from automation and digitalization toward a human-centric, sustainable, and resilient industrial ecosystem. This review paper explores the evolving role of Industrial Engineering (IE) within the framework of Industry 5.0, emphasizing the integration of advanced technologies suc...
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Research Article
Effects of Specific Heat Models on the Performance of the Irreversible Over-Expansion Cycle
Rim Guk Jang,
Myong Chol Ri*,
Yong Jae Min,
Sang Dok Ri,
Mun Chon Ryong
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
145-154
Received:
11 September 2025
Accepted:
18 October 2025
Published:
19 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajmie.20251006.15
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Since specific heat variation of working fluid has a great influence on the performance of the engine cycle, it is indispensable to evaluate the effect of different specific heat models on the cycle performance. Different specific heat models including linear, logarithmic, and polynomial ones had already been applied to calculation of the power and efficiency of internal combustion engine cycle, of which polynomial specific heat reflects its detailed variation with temperature. This study aims at deriving the analytic equation with respect to ecological function of the irreversible Dual-Miller cycle (DMC) by using the specific heat model of polynomial, and comparing results of performance calculation based on constant, linear, logarithmic specific heat models with that of polynomial specific heat model. In order to reflect the characteristics of DMC engine in more detail, the cycle involving heat transfer loss, friction loss, and internal irreversible loss of heat expansion as well as variation of specific heat is considered here. In addition, the effects of cycle parameters such as compression ratio and miller cycle ratio, cut-off ratio on the maximum power output and the maximum efficiency conditions are analyzed. The results indicate that logarithmic specific heat model is simpler than polynomial one, but it gives nearly approximate result to polynomial one in calculation of the performance of DMC and AC (Atkinson cycle). The presented models and results are expected to provide guidelines for the design and optimization of DMC engines.
Abstract: Since specific heat variation of working fluid has a great influence on the performance of the engine cycle, it is indispensable to evaluate the effect of different specific heat models on the cycle performance. Different specific heat models including linear, logarithmic, and polynomial ones had already been applied to calculation of the power and...
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