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Digital Economy, R&D Innovation and Regional Integration: A Study Based on Three Chinese Urban Agglomerations
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
83-91
Received:
20 April 2022
Accepted:
5 May 2022
Published:
12 May 2022
Abstract: Regional integration is a major national development strategy. Whether the rapid development of digital economy can promote R&D innovation and realize regional integration is worthy of further discussion. This paper examines the relationship between digital economy, R&D innovation and regional integration by taking three urban agglomerations in China from 2011 to 2018 as research samples. Referring to the existing research, this paper constructs regional integration index and digital economy index. The regional integration index is constructed from the perspectives of economy, science and technology and ecology. The entropy method is used to comprehensively measure the digital economic index at the urban level from the two levels of Internet development and digital inclusive financial development, and the relationship between them is empirically tested. The results show that both digital economy and R&D innovation help to improve the level of regional integration. R&D innovation plays a mediating role in the mechanism of digital economy influencing regional integration, and digital economy indirectly affects regional integration through R&D innovation. Further construct the spatial Durbin model to study the spatial spillover effect between digital economy and regional integration. It is found that digital economy has an obvious spatial spillover effect on regional integration. Specifically, the digital economy promotes regional integration in the region and inhibits regional integration in adjacent regions. Based on the research results, this paper puts forward the following policy suggestions: build and improve the digital economy system, increase the intensity of innovation, improve regional integration policies, and realize the development of regional integration.
Abstract: Regional integration is a major national development strategy. Whether the rapid development of digital economy can promote R&D innovation and realize regional integration is worthy of further discussion. This paper examines the relationship between digital economy, R&D innovation and regional integration by taking three urban agglomerations in Chi...
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The Social-Economic Impact of the Growth of Mobile Money Business in Kasama Town, Zambia
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
92-101
Received:
22 April 2022
Accepted:
7 May 2022
Published:
12 May 2022
Abstract: The paper looks at the social-economic impact brought about by the flourishing mobile money business in Kasama town. Zambia, like many other African countries such as Kenya, Nigeria and Ghana has embraced the new financial paradigm to enhance trade, job creation and economic growth. Over a few years after its inception in Zambia, mobile money business has shown some great signs of growth and expansion. The study therefore evaluates how this growth has translated into improvement of the well beings of the participants. The study broadly attempted to assess the social-economic impact of mobile money business on mobile money booth operators and their customers in Kasama town. Narrowly, the study wanted to assess the contribution of mobile money business to employment creation in Kasama town, increase in the levels of withdraws and deposits with time as a sign of business growth and also identify other social-economic factors that have been improved by mobile money business. The study used primary data that was obtained from both mobile money booth operators and their customers through researcher administered questionnaire. The study excluded from participation all customers that were not currently residents of Kasama town. Multivariate regression analysis was used with the consideration of four dependent variables: service satisfaction, number of withdraws, number of deposits and great job opportunity which were regressed on the predictor variables: mobile network and clientele. In making inference, we considered the following parameter of refence from regression findings: correlation coefficient, standard error and coefficient of determination (R2). We further considered significant F from the ANOVA to see how statistically significant are our results were. We considered a P-value of 0.05 as a threshold for rejecting our set null hypotheses. The findings were basically that mobile network and clientele had positive impact on job creation, service satisfaction and the levels of deposits and withdraws. The study establishes that, mobile money business has created about 64% of employment to youths within the sector. On the other hand, the study infers that the mobile networks and growth in the clientele of certain mobile money booth don’t necessarily imply a one-way direction; increase in the number of deposits or withdraws. An operator may have an increase in either withdraws or deposits following an increase in clientele. These findings are vital and give a conjecture of easy prediction of what may be expected if the sector continues with innovative transitions.
Abstract: The paper looks at the social-economic impact brought about by the flourishing mobile money business in Kasama town. Zambia, like many other African countries such as Kenya, Nigeria and Ghana has embraced the new financial paradigm to enhance trade, job creation and economic growth. Over a few years after its inception in Zambia, mobile money busin...
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Carbon Emission Reduction and Pricing Decisions of Dual-Channel Closed-Loop Supply Chain with Fairness Concern Under Carbon Tax Policy
Ruiling Luo,
Haojuan Chang,
Difan Zhang
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
102-113
Received:
31 May 2022
Accepted:
Published:
1 June 2022
Abstract: Considering a dual channel closed-loop supply chain composed of a manufacturer and a retailer, and the retailer establishes online direct channels, four Stackelberg game models are constructed to study the impact of carbon tax and different fairness concerns of supply chain members on the optimal strategies, such as carbon emission reduction level, recycling and pricing decisions etc. The results show that the fairness concerns of supply chain members does not affect the recycling decision of manufacturer, but increasing carbon tax will promote the manufacturer to recycle more used products to reduce carbon emissions through remanufacturing. When the retailer has fairness concern but the manufacturer ignores it, with the increase of the retailers' fairness concern, the online selling price, the retail price and the retailers' utility increase while the manufacturers' profit decreases. When the manufacturer considers retailers' fairness concern, there will be more carbon emissions in the supply chain. Manufacturer should pay attention to this fairness concern and take certain measures to prevent this behavior. Compared with fairness neutrality, whether one or both of supply chain members have fairness concerns, it will inhibit manufacturers' enthusiasm for carbon reduction investment. When both of them have fairness concerns, the higher the manufacturers' fairness concern, the lower the carbon emission reduction level is.
Abstract: Considering a dual channel closed-loop supply chain composed of a manufacturer and a retailer, and the retailer establishes online direct channels, four Stackelberg game models are constructed to study the impact of carbon tax and different fairness concerns of supply chain members on the optimal strategies, such as carbon emission reduction level,...
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Comparative Analysis of Financial Performance of Islamic vs. Conventional Banks Using CAMEL Model: Evidence from Palestine
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
114-121
Received:
11 May 2022
Accepted:
28 May 2022
Published:
8 June 2022
Abstract: Evaluating the performance efficiency of banks and monitoring their activity is essential to their survival in light of the rapid growth of risks facing them, since many financial crises were caused by them. Therefore, measuring banks performance by knowing their strengths and weaknesses enable regulators and managements to correct deviations before it is too late. The positive role played by the Islamic banking system cannot be ignored for financing and investment services in various financial, economic and social activities. In recent years Islamic banks were able to impose themselves to become a difficult number in the composition of the financial cycle and economic growth in the world, as evidenced by the rapid growth of these banks in all countries, Muslim and non-Muslim. This transformation is recognition of the success of the Islamic experience. This study aimed to evaluate the financial performance of Islamic and conventional banks in Palestine over the period 2017–2018 prior to the corona virus crisis using CAMEL model. The results show that there are no clear significant differences in performance between Islamic and conventional banks in Palestine during study period. Both conventional and Islamic banks have powerful and satisfactory capital levels comparative to the firm's risk profile and consistent with Palestinian Monetary Authority (PMA) regulations. In terms of asset quality, Islamic banks kind of are better in managing their asset portfolio than conventional banks which considered less risky. However, there were no significant differences in profitability ratios, liquidity ratios and efficiency ratios.
Abstract: Evaluating the performance efficiency of banks and monitoring their activity is essential to their survival in light of the rapid growth of risks facing them, since many financial crises were caused by them. Therefore, measuring banks performance by knowing their strengths and weaknesses enable regulators and managements to correct deviations befor...
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Stability of the Money Demand Function Revisited: Evidence from Sierra Leone
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
122-133
Received:
19 May 2022
Accepted:
6 June 2022
Published:
14 June 2022
Abstract: The study empirically examined the stability of the money demand function that justifies the adoption of the monetary aggregate targeting framework by the Bank of Sierra Leone using quarterly data spanning from 2002 to 2018. To account for structural breaks emanating from policy shocks and regime shifts in the data such as the civil unrest from 1991-2002, the Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak from 2014-2016, the mudslide in 2017 and other global shocks, the study conducted unit root tests with structural breaks and regime shift. The long-run estimates of the ARDL model confirm the stability of the money demand functions. In particular, the results show high income elasticity of money demand when narrow money was used as the dependent variable, implying a cash based economy that requires serious consideration in the conduct of monetary policy. Given that the economy is still rudimentary with high propensity of underground economic activities, it is palpable that monetary policy will continue to be challenged especially when the central bank continues to struggle in mopping up excess liquidity in the banking system as a result of the enormous shadow activities in the country. Hence, any policy that is geared towards targeting the narrower definition rather than broader definition of money could help mitigate the challenges associated with withdrawing excess liquidity from the banking system and thus enhances the conduct of an effective monetary policy.
Abstract: The study empirically examined the stability of the money demand function that justifies the adoption of the monetary aggregate targeting framework by the Bank of Sierra Leone using quarterly data spanning from 2002 to 2018. To account for structural breaks emanating from policy shocks and regime shifts in the data such as the civil unrest from 199...
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The Impact of the Digital Economy on China's Carbon Emissions
Xinman Lv,
Hang Yu,
Ying Zhang
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, June 2022
Pages:
134-149
Received:
28 May 2022
Accepted:
14 June 2022
Published:
27 June 2022
Abstract: As a new format, the digital economy will inevitably affect the environment while bringing economic benefits. To explore the mechanism, regional differences of the digital economy on carbon emissions, and provides a theoretical basis for the realization of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals of the digital economy. This paper selects China’s provincial panel data from 2011 to 2019, constructs an indicator system to scientifically measure China’s digital economy development level and carbon emission level, and uses the spatial Durbin model to study and analyze the impact of digital economic development on carbon emissions. The results show that: (1) there is a positive spatial correlation between China’s carbon emissions. The development of the digital economy has an inhibitory effect on carbon emissions in both local and adjacent areas, and the effect of locality is greater than that of adjacent areas. (2) there are obvious regional differences in the relationship between digital economy development and carbon emissions in China. The development of digital economy in eastern and central China has a significant inhibitory effect on carbon emissions. However, the inhibitory effect in the central region is slightly stronger than that in the eastern region, and the development of the digital economy in the western region has not yet shown a significant effect on carbon emissions. (3) According to the results of spatial Durbin model, digital economy development in eastern China has a significant negative spillover effect on carbon emissions, while that in central China has a significant positive spillover effect. The research helps to plan the development strategy of the digital economy according to local conditions, implement low-carbon policies according to the right medicine, and effectively alleviate the problem of unbalanced development in different regions.
Abstract: As a new format, the digital economy will inevitably affect the environment while bringing economic benefits. To explore the mechanism, regional differences of the digital economy on carbon emissions, and provides a theoretical basis for the realization of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals of the digital economy. This paper selects Chi...
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