Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis

Akinaw Wagari

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12

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Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis

Akinaw Wagari

Published in International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology (Volume 1, Issue 1)

Received: 2 June 2016 Accepted: 30 June 2016 Published: 9 October 2016

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Abstract

Bovine tuberculosis is a major infectious disease of cattle, other domesticated animals and certain wildlife populations. It is one of the zoonotic diseases and can be diagnosed with different techniques. The currently used techniques are acid fast staining which is a cost-effective tool for diagnosing tuberculosis case and to monitor the progress of treatment and it has also drawbacks such as the low sensitivity in the immune-suppressed individuals; After death, infection is diagnosed by necropsy, histopathological and bacteriological examination and biochemical tests like nitrate reduction, niacin production, deamination of pyrazinamide and urease tests. Immunological diagnostic techniques like tuberculin skin tests: Single intradermal test, comparative intradermal test, short thermal test and stormont test; Blood based diagnostic techniques like gamma interferon assays, Enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assays and lymphocyte proliferation assay, culture of mycobacterium and molecular diagnostic techniques which involves polymerase chain reaction, is a method that allows direct identification of the M. tuberculosis complex. Spoligotyping, restriction fragment length polymorphism, variable number tandem repeats typing are the techniques used for concurrent detection and typing of mycobacterium species at strain level. Its clinical usefulness over the other techniques is determined by its rapidity, both in identifying causative bacteria and in providing molecular epidemiologic information on strains. However, it holds drawbacks of being expensive and requiring well-equipped laboratory and skilled laboratory personnel, which are not always available in endemic areas. Thus, both conventional and molecular tools should be effectively used to diagnosis Tuberculosis.

Published in	International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology (Volume 1, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12
Page(s)	11-17
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2016. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bovine Tuberculosis, Cattle, Diagnostic Techniques

References

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APA Style

Akinaw Wagari. (2016). Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis. International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, 1(1), 11-17. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12

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ACS Style

Akinaw Wagari. Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis. Int. J. Biochem. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 2016, 1(1), 11-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12

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AMA Style

Akinaw Wagari. Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis. Int J Biochem Biophys Mol Biol. 2016;1(1):11-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12,
  author = {Akinaw Wagari},
  title = {Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis},
  journal = {International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology},
  volume = {1},
  number = {1},
  pages = {11-17},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbbmb.20160101.12},
  abstract = {Bovine tuberculosis is a major infectious disease of cattle, other domesticated animals and certain wildlife populations. It is one of the zoonotic diseases and can be diagnosed with different techniques. The currently used techniques are acid fast staining which is a cost-effective tool for diagnosing tuberculosis case and to monitor the progress of treatment and it has also drawbacks such as the low sensitivity in the immune-suppressed individuals; After death, infection is diagnosed by necropsy, histopathological and bacteriological examination and biochemical tests like nitrate reduction, niacin production, deamination of pyrazinamide and urease tests. Immunological diagnostic techniques like tuberculin skin tests: Single intradermal test, comparative intradermal test, short thermal test and stormont test; Blood based diagnostic techniques like gamma interferon assays, Enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assays and lymphocyte proliferation assay, culture of mycobacterium and molecular diagnostic techniques which involves polymerase chain reaction, is a method that allows direct identification of the M. tuberculosis complex. Spoligotyping, restriction fragment length polymorphism, variable number tandem repeats typing are the techniques used for concurrent detection and typing of mycobacterium species at strain level. Its clinical usefulness over the other techniques is determined by its rapidity, both in identifying causative bacteria and in providing molecular epidemiologic information on strains. However, it holds drawbacks of being expensive and requiring well-equipped laboratory and skilled laboratory personnel, which are not always available in endemic areas. Thus, both conventional and molecular tools should be effectively used to diagnosis Tuberculosis.},
 year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis
AU  - Akinaw Wagari
Y1  - 2016/10/09
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12
T2  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
JF  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
JO  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
SP  - 11
EP  - 17
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12
AB  - Bovine tuberculosis is a major infectious disease of cattle, other domesticated animals and certain wildlife populations. It is one of the zoonotic diseases and can be diagnosed with different techniques. The currently used techniques are acid fast staining which is a cost-effective tool for diagnosing tuberculosis case and to monitor the progress of treatment and it has also drawbacks such as the low sensitivity in the immune-suppressed individuals; After death, infection is diagnosed by necropsy, histopathological and bacteriological examination and biochemical tests like nitrate reduction, niacin production, deamination of pyrazinamide and urease tests. Immunological diagnostic techniques like tuberculin skin tests: Single intradermal test, comparative intradermal test, short thermal test and stormont test; Blood based diagnostic techniques like gamma interferon assays, Enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assays and lymphocyte proliferation assay, culture of mycobacterium and molecular diagnostic techniques which involves polymerase chain reaction, is a method that allows direct identification of the M. tuberculosis complex. Spoligotyping, restriction fragment length polymorphism, variable number tandem repeats typing are the techniques used for concurrent detection and typing of mycobacterium species at strain level. Its clinical usefulness over the other techniques is determined by its rapidity, both in identifying causative bacteria and in providing molecular epidemiologic information on strains. However, it holds drawbacks of being expensive and requiring well-equipped laboratory and skilled laboratory personnel, which are not always available in endemic areas. Thus, both conventional and molecular tools should be effectively used to diagnosis Tuberculosis.
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Akinaw Wagari

School of Veterinary Medicine, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Akinaw Wagari. (2016). Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis. International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, 1(1), 11-17. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12

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ACS Style

Akinaw Wagari. Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis. Int. J. Biochem. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 2016, 1(1), 11-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Akinaw Wagari. Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis. Int J Biochem Biophys Mol Biol. 2016;1(1):11-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12,
  author = {Akinaw Wagari},
  title = {Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis},
  journal = {International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology},
  volume = {1},
  number = {1},
  pages = {11-17},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijbbmb.20160101.12},
  abstract = {Bovine tuberculosis is a major infectious disease of cattle, other domesticated animals and certain wildlife populations. It is one of the zoonotic diseases and can be diagnosed with different techniques. The currently used techniques are acid fast staining which is a cost-effective tool for diagnosing tuberculosis case and to monitor the progress of treatment and it has also drawbacks such as the low sensitivity in the immune-suppressed individuals; After death, infection is diagnosed by necropsy, histopathological and bacteriological examination and biochemical tests like nitrate reduction, niacin production, deamination of pyrazinamide and urease tests. Immunological diagnostic techniques like tuberculin skin tests: Single intradermal test, comparative intradermal test, short thermal test and stormont test; Blood based diagnostic techniques like gamma interferon assays, Enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assays and lymphocyte proliferation assay, culture of mycobacterium and molecular diagnostic techniques which involves polymerase chain reaction, is a method that allows direct identification of the M. tuberculosis complex. Spoligotyping, restriction fragment length polymorphism, variable number tandem repeats typing are the techniques used for concurrent detection and typing of mycobacterium species at strain level. Its clinical usefulness over the other techniques is determined by its rapidity, both in identifying causative bacteria and in providing molecular epidemiologic information on strains. However, it holds drawbacks of being expensive and requiring well-equipped laboratory and skilled laboratory personnel, which are not always available in endemic areas. Thus, both conventional and molecular tools should be effectively used to diagnosis Tuberculosis.},
 year = {2016}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Review on Diagnostic Techniques of Bovine Tuberculosis
AU  - Akinaw Wagari
Y1  - 2016/10/09
PY  - 2016
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12
T2  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
JF  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
JO  - International Journal of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology
SP  - 11
EP  - 17
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-5862
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijbbmb.20160101.12
AB  - Bovine tuberculosis is a major infectious disease of cattle, other domesticated animals and certain wildlife populations. It is one of the zoonotic diseases and can be diagnosed with different techniques. The currently used techniques are acid fast staining which is a cost-effective tool for diagnosing tuberculosis case and to monitor the progress of treatment and it has also drawbacks such as the low sensitivity in the immune-suppressed individuals; After death, infection is diagnosed by necropsy, histopathological and bacteriological examination and biochemical tests like nitrate reduction, niacin production, deamination of pyrazinamide and urease tests. Immunological diagnostic techniques like tuberculin skin tests: Single intradermal test, comparative intradermal test, short thermal test and stormont test; Blood based diagnostic techniques like gamma interferon assays, Enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assays and lymphocyte proliferation assay, culture of mycobacterium and molecular diagnostic techniques which involves polymerase chain reaction, is a method that allows direct identification of the M. tuberculosis complex. Spoligotyping, restriction fragment length polymorphism, variable number tandem repeats typing are the techniques used for concurrent detection and typing of mycobacterium species at strain level. Its clinical usefulness over the other techniques is determined by its rapidity, both in identifying causative bacteria and in providing molecular epidemiologic information on strains. However, it holds drawbacks of being expensive and requiring well-equipped laboratory and skilled laboratory personnel, which are not always available in endemic areas. Thus, both conventional and molecular tools should be effectively used to diagnosis Tuberculosis.
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
ER  -

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