In attempt to meeting energy demand via provision of renewable energies such as biogas technology, credit arrangements and local involvement in decision-making are key elements for low-income countries in Africa, while the link between investment cost, affordability, financing, and other socioeconomic differences may affect investment in biogas energy. In this article, a survey of 298 households is used to establish the derivers of investment in biogas energy; the findings being conditioned on credit access with flexible loan repayment options. The estimates of marginal effects from conditional (multinomial) logit model show that flexible loan repayment options might encourage a broader spectrum of households to invest in biogas energy. The key derivers of willingness to invest in short-term loan repayment options were the education and gender of household heads, access to fuelwood sources and waste-water systems, and, livestock ownership. Similarly, households’ willingness to invest in biogas energy funded via medium term financing varies with the level of formal education of household heads, wastewater system, and livestock ownership. However, willingness to fund biogas energy with long-term loans was positively correlated with the area of land in use. Policy implications are that local authorities should work with financial institutions to provide credit at market rates, but with flexible loan repayment options. This will reduce the burden of the biogas market on both users and supplier’s, increase functional sustainability, and promote biogas technology among low-income communities.
Published in | American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics (Volume 5, Issue 4) |
DOI | 10.11648/j.ajere.20200504.12 |
Page(s) | 86-96 |
Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Biogas Energy, Determinants, Investment Decision, Flexible Financing, Ethiopia
[1] | Africa progress report, 2015. Seizing Africa’s Energy and Climate opportunities, Power People Planet; African Progress Panel. |
[2] | Mwirigi, J., Balana, B. B., Mugisha, J., Walekhwa, P., Melamu, R., Nakami, S., & Makenzi, P. (2014). Socio-economic hurdles to widespread adoption of small-scale biogas digesters in Sub-Saharan Africa: A review. Biomass and bioenergy, 70, 17-25. |
[3] | Parawira, W. (2009). Biogas technology in sub-Saharan Africa: status, prospects and constraints. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, 8 (2), 187-200. Purnama Alamsyah, K. Analysis of Biogas Financing using causal Loop Diagram in Lembang Area, West Java, Indonesia. |
[4] | UNDP: World energy assessment overview: Sustainable development goals. New York, USA: United Nations Development Program; 2004 updates. |
[5] | SNV. (2014). An Assessment of Small-Scale Bio digester Programmes in the Developing World: The SNV and Hivos Approach. |
[6] | Gautam, R., Baralb, S., and Herat S. (2009). “Biogas as a sustainable energy source in Nepal: Present status and future challenges”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 13, p. 248–252. |
[7] | Katuwal, H. and Bohara, A. K. (2009). “Biogas: A promising renewable technology and its impact on rural households in Nepal”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 13, p. 2668–2674. |
[8] | Amigun, B., & Von Blottnitz, H. (2009). Capital cost prediction for biogas installations in Africa: Lang factor approach. Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy: An Official Publication of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 28 (1), 134-142. |
[9] | Amigun, B., Sigamoney, R., & von Blottnitz, H. (2008). Commercialization of biofuel industry in Africa: a review. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 12 (3), 690-711. |
[10] | Mengistu, M. G., Simane, B., Eshete, G., & Workneh, T. S. (2015). A review on biogas technology and its contributions to sustainable rural livelihood in Ethiopia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 48, 306-316. |
[11] | Biogas inventory report (2017), South Nations Nationalities and People Region Mines and Energy agency, Ethiopia. |
[12] | Barnes, D. F., Krutilla, K., & Hyde, W. (2005). The urban household energy transition. Resources for the Future Press, Washington, DC. |
[13] | Ghimire, P. C. (2013). SNV supported domestic biogas programmes in Asia and Africa. Renewable Energy, 49, 90-94. |
[14] | Mshandete, A. M., & Parawira, W. (2009). Biogas technology research in selected sub-Saharan African countries–A review. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8 (2). |
[15] | Kanbur, R., & Squire, L. (2001). The evolution of thinking about poverty: exploring the interactions. Frontiers of development economics-The future perspective, 183-226. |
[16] | Panjwani, Anja, and Elizabeth Cecelski. "Major Activities and Actors in Energy, Poverty and Gender." (2002). |
[17] | Center for Micro Finance (CMF), (2013). Study on the impact of credit on the installation of Biogas Plant, Final report. National rural renewable energy program (NRREP), Alternative Energy Promotion Center, Ministry of Environment science and Technology, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal. |
[18] | Singh, K. J., & Sooch, S. S. (2004). Comparative study of economics of different models of family size biogas plants for state of Punjab, India. Energy Conversion and Management, 45 (9-10), 1329-1341. |
[19] | Sagar, A. D., & Kartha, S. (2007). Bioenergy and sustainable development? Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour, 32, 131-167. |
[20] | Buysman, E., & Mol, A. P. (2013). Market-based biogas sector development in least developed countries—the case of Cambodia. Energy Policy, 63, 44-51. Cecelski, E. (2002). Enabling equitable access to rural electrification: current thinking and major activities in energy, poverty and gender. |
[21] | Landi, M., Sovacool, B. K., & Eidsness, J. (2013). Cooking with gas: policy lessons from Rwanda's National Domestic Biogas Program (NDBP). Energy for Sustainable Development, 17 (4), 347-356. |
[22] | Mulinda, C., Hu, Q., & Pan, K. (2013). Dissemination and problems of African biogas technology. Energy and Power Engineering, 5 (08), 506. |
[23] | Sibanda, G., Musademba, D., Chihobo, H. C., & Zanamwe, L. (2013). A Feasibility Study of Biogas Technology to Solving Peri-urban Sanitation Problems in Developing Countries. A Case for Harare, Zimbabwe. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 2 (2), 97-104. |
[24] | Gebreegziabher, Z., Naik, L., Melamu, R., & Balana, B. B. (2014). Prospects and challenges for urban application of biogas installations in Sub-Saharan Africa. Biomass and bioenergy, 70, 130-140. |
[25] | SNV, 2006. Report on the feasibility study of a national programme for domestic biogas in Ethiopia. |
[26] | Kamp, L. M., & Forn, E. B. (2016). Ethiopia׳ s emerging domestic biogas sector: status, bottlenecks and drivers. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 60, 475-488. |
[27] | Kelebe, H. E., Ayimut, K. M., Berhe, G. H., & Hintsa, K. (2017). Determinants for adoption decision of small-scale biogas technology by rural households in Tigray, Ethiopia. Energy Economics, 66, 272-278. |
[28] | Mengistu, M. G., Simane, B., Eshete, G., & Workneh, T. S. (2016). Factors affecting households' decisions in biogas technology adoption, the case of Ofla and Mecha Districts, northern Ethiopia. Renewable Energy, 93, 215-227. |
[29] | Abadi, N., Gebrehiwot, K., Techane, A., & Nerea, H. (2017). Links between biogas technology adoption and health status of households in rural Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Energy Policy, 101, 284-292. |
[30] | Shegenu, G., & Seyoum, A. (2018). Determinant of Biogas Technology Adoption and Its Implication on Environmental Sustainability: A Case of Aleta wondo Woreda, Sidama Zone, South Ethiopia. Global Journal of Human-Social Science Research. |
[31] | Ethiopian Central statistical agency 2007. |
[32] | Walekhwa, P. N., Mugisha, J., & Drake, L. (2009). Biogas energy from family-sized digesters in Uganda: critical factors and policy implications. Energy policy, 37 (7), 2754-2762. |
[33] | Lancaster, K. J. (1966). A new approach to consumer theory. Journal of political economy, 74 (2), 132-157. |
[34] | Mawufemo, M. (2015). Design of Biogas Septic tanks for treating domestic sewage (Doctoral dissertation). |
[35] | Katukiza, A. Y., Ronteltap, M., Oleja, A., Niwagaba, C. B., Kansiime, F., & Lens, P. N. (2010). Selection of sustainable sanitation technologies for urban slums—A case of Bwaise III in Kampala, Uganda. Science of the total environment, 409 (1), 52-62. |
[36] | Gwavuya, S. G., Abele, S., Barfuss, I., Zeller, M., & Müller, J. (2012). Household energy economics in rural Ethiopia: A cost-benefit analysis of biogas energy. Renewable Energy, 48, 202-209. |
[37] | Al Tanjil, H., Akter, S., Chowdhury, M. S., Jabin, S. M., Mintu, A. H., Ahmed, M. T., & Hossain, M. S. (2019). Biogas as an Alternative Energy Source in Rural Areas and Public Awareness: A Case Study in Jessore District. Journal of Energy and Natural Resources, 8 (1), 12. |
[38] | McFadden, D. (1977). Quantitative methods for analyzing travel behavior of individuals: some recent developments. Berkeley: Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California. |
APA Style
Tarekegn Mamo Legamo. (2020). Flexible Financing and Investment in Renewable Energy Sources: The Case of Biogas Energy in Sidama Region, Ethiopia. American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics, 5(4), 86-96. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20200504.12
ACS Style
Tarekegn Mamo Legamo. Flexible Financing and Investment in Renewable Energy Sources: The Case of Biogas Energy in Sidama Region, Ethiopia. Am. J. Environ. Resour. Econ. 2020, 5(4), 86-96. doi: 10.11648/j.ajere.20200504.12
AMA Style
Tarekegn Mamo Legamo. Flexible Financing and Investment in Renewable Energy Sources: The Case of Biogas Energy in Sidama Region, Ethiopia. Am J Environ Resour Econ. 2020;5(4):86-96. doi: 10.11648/j.ajere.20200504.12
@article{10.11648/j.ajere.20200504.12, author = {Tarekegn Mamo Legamo}, title = {Flexible Financing and Investment in Renewable Energy Sources: The Case of Biogas Energy in Sidama Region, Ethiopia}, journal = {American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics}, volume = {5}, number = {4}, pages = {86-96}, doi = {10.11648/j.ajere.20200504.12}, url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20200504.12}, eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajere.20200504.12}, abstract = {In attempt to meeting energy demand via provision of renewable energies such as biogas technology, credit arrangements and local involvement in decision-making are key elements for low-income countries in Africa, while the link between investment cost, affordability, financing, and other socioeconomic differences may affect investment in biogas energy. In this article, a survey of 298 households is used to establish the derivers of investment in biogas energy; the findings being conditioned on credit access with flexible loan repayment options. The estimates of marginal effects from conditional (multinomial) logit model show that flexible loan repayment options might encourage a broader spectrum of households to invest in biogas energy. The key derivers of willingness to invest in short-term loan repayment options were the education and gender of household heads, access to fuelwood sources and waste-water systems, and, livestock ownership. Similarly, households’ willingness to invest in biogas energy funded via medium term financing varies with the level of formal education of household heads, wastewater system, and livestock ownership. However, willingness to fund biogas energy with long-term loans was positively correlated with the area of land in use. Policy implications are that local authorities should work with financial institutions to provide credit at market rates, but with flexible loan repayment options. This will reduce the burden of the biogas market on both users and supplier’s, increase functional sustainability, and promote biogas technology among low-income communities.}, year = {2020} }
TY - JOUR T1 - Flexible Financing and Investment in Renewable Energy Sources: The Case of Biogas Energy in Sidama Region, Ethiopia AU - Tarekegn Mamo Legamo Y1 - 2020/11/09 PY - 2020 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20200504.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ajere.20200504.12 T2 - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics JF - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics JO - American Journal of Environmental and Resource Economics SP - 86 EP - 96 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2578-787X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajere.20200504.12 AB - In attempt to meeting energy demand via provision of renewable energies such as biogas technology, credit arrangements and local involvement in decision-making are key elements for low-income countries in Africa, while the link between investment cost, affordability, financing, and other socioeconomic differences may affect investment in biogas energy. In this article, a survey of 298 households is used to establish the derivers of investment in biogas energy; the findings being conditioned on credit access with flexible loan repayment options. The estimates of marginal effects from conditional (multinomial) logit model show that flexible loan repayment options might encourage a broader spectrum of households to invest in biogas energy. The key derivers of willingness to invest in short-term loan repayment options were the education and gender of household heads, access to fuelwood sources and waste-water systems, and, livestock ownership. Similarly, households’ willingness to invest in biogas energy funded via medium term financing varies with the level of formal education of household heads, wastewater system, and livestock ownership. However, willingness to fund biogas energy with long-term loans was positively correlated with the area of land in use. Policy implications are that local authorities should work with financial institutions to provide credit at market rates, but with flexible loan repayment options. This will reduce the burden of the biogas market on both users and supplier’s, increase functional sustainability, and promote biogas technology among low-income communities. VL - 5 IS - 4 ER -