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Using New Nanostructured Coordination Polymer Additives BAF-1 and BAF-2 in Crude Oils
Nurullayev Vali Hanaqa,
Usubaliyev Baybala Taci
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
1-6
Received:
17 December 2020
Accepted:
28 December 2020
Published:
17 March 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.11
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Abstract: Recently, there has been a steady trend towards an increase in the volume of oil transported. Thus, in order to solve the problem of increasing the volume of oil pumping, it is necessary to develop new or optimize the applied oil transportation technologies, taking into account their flow properties and operational characteristics of pipelines. Due to the urgency of the problem, the results of experimental studies of mixed oils by physico-chemical methods are of great interest. Our studies have shown that when mixing oils it is necessary to take into account the factor of the mutual influence of the composition of oils in order to estimate the unacceptable and optimal concentrations of individual components. Background Recently high-viscosity oil fields, where non-Newtonian crudes are met, are rapidly developed. Non-Newtonian viscosity dependence on the flow rate imposes certain requirements to the transportation of such petroleum. Aims and objectives to improve the rheological properties, the kinematic viscosity of the heaviest Azerbaijan oil from Muradhanla field, in particular, so that to facilitate pipeline transportation of the tank oil. Methods Laboratory experiments and analysis of the lab data. Conclision: Laboratory experiments and analysis of laboratory data proved the suitability of nanostructured coordination polymers for transporting high-viscosity oil from Azerbaijan Muradhanla and Sangachal oils. Transportation with coordination polymers involves injection of polymer and diesel alkaline waste (DSO) through hydrodynamic cavitator. This significantly reduces viscosity of heavy oil during transportation. Coordination polymer-based composites have been developed and tested. Use of composite solves a number of technological problems associated with the transport of high-viscosity oil.
Abstract: Recently, there has been a steady trend towards an increase in the volume of oil transported. Thus, in order to solve the problem of increasing the volume of oil pumping, it is necessary to develop new or optimize the applied oil transportation technologies, taking into account their flow properties and operational characteristics of pipelines. Due...
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Characteristics and Evaluation of Leaching Behavior of Uranium Mineralization in Qash Amir Granite, South Eastern Desert, Egypt
Mohamed Soliman Nagar,
Bayoumi Mostafa Bayoumi,
Walid Mohamed Morsy
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
7-16
Received:
12 January 2021
Accepted:
16 March 2021
Published:
22 March 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.12
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Abstract: In the Halaib area, South Eastern Desert, Egypt, numerous occurrences of uranium have been found. Uranium occurs as disseminated minerals (uraninite, uranophane, beta-uranophane) in G. Qash Amir muscovite monzogranite. The muscovite monzogranite (G. Qash Amir) is affected by deutric alteration and characterized by gradational contact with two-mica monzogranite, peraluminous in nature with visible primary and secondary uranium minerals, beryl and columbite. Uranium dissolution efficiency of 81.0 % was obtained using acid agitation leaching without oxidant addition, while dissolution efficiency increased to about 92% when ORP was increased to about 475mV using MnO2 as an oxidizing agent in Qash Amir uranium mineralization. Column tests were performed to study the effect of the parameters on uranium leaching and acid consumption. After 40 days of column leaching tests, uranium recovery of 74.2% was obtained at a flow rate of 10 l/m2/h and acid consumption was achieved by 26.2 kg per ton of ore. The addition of MnO2 as oxidant leads to a significant increase in the column leaching efficiency to 87% and decreasing acid consumption to 22kg per ton of ore in 35 days. The plot of 1-(1-x) 1/3 vs. t is linear and the R squared values for particle diffusion control line is 0.98, therefore the shrinking-core model is verified.
Abstract: In the Halaib area, South Eastern Desert, Egypt, numerous occurrences of uranium have been found. Uranium occurs as disseminated minerals (uraninite, uranophane, beta-uranophane) in G. Qash Amir muscovite monzogranite. The muscovite monzogranite (G. Qash Amir) is affected by deutric alteration and characterized by gradational contact with two-mica ...
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The Effect of Air Drying and Extraction Methods on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.'Hér) Essential Oils
Ahmed Mohamed Abouelatta,
Attia Youssef Keratum,
Sahar Ibrahim Ahmed,
Hisham Moustafa El-Zun
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
17-21
Received:
6 March 2021
Accepted:
18 March 2021
Published:
7 April 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.13
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Abstract: Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) is an economical plant in Egypt, Three methods of extraction (steam distillation, solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation, respectively) were used to extract geranium essential oils from geranium herb. Three types of geranium essential oils (geranium oil, geranium absolute and geranium stripping oil) were extracted with the three different methods. The oil extracted with direct steam distillation is geranium oil was light green with a density of 0.889 g/ml, oil obtained from hydro distillation was geranium sreipping oil which was brownish with a density of 0.903 g/ml. while geranium stripping oil obtained with solvent extraction method was geranium absolute which was dark green with a density of 0.911 g/ml. Geranium herb were air dried for (0, 12, 24 and 48 h). All essential oils obtained were analyzed by Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Chromatographic analysis of the geranium essential oils demonstrated that citronellol is the main constituent, accounting 29.70%, 31.80% and 18.30% of geranium oil, geranium stripping oil and geranium absolute, respectively. Air drying had a significant effect on geranium oil and geranium stripping oil, for example for geranium oil citronellol percentages were 31.22, 21.20, 28.66 and 35.40 at 0, 12, 24 and 48 h. while geraniol percentages were 9.65, 5.28, 7.85 and 12.43 at same times. For geranium absolute oil air drying had no significant effect on the chemical composition of geranium absolute oil. Air drying had a significant effect on oil obtained from hydrodistillatin method, for example citronellol percentages were 26.44, 28.15, 31.85 and 29.92.
Abstract: Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) is an economical plant in Egypt, Three methods of extraction (steam distillation, solvent extraction, and hydrodistillation, respectively) were used to extract geranium essential oils from geranium herb. Three types of geranium essential oils (geranium oil, geranium absolute and geranium stripping oil) were extract...
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Physico-chemical Analysis of Effluent Samples from Hermas Paint Industry Enugwu-Ukwu, Anambra State
Ebele Joy Morah,
Theresa Uzoma Onuegbu,
Priscilla Chinwe Okonkwo,
Blessing Chidimma Ikezuagu,
Nkiruka Charity Eboagu,
Ozioma Juliana Anekwe
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
22-26
Received:
28 April 2021
Accepted:
2 June 2021
Published:
16 June 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajaic.20210501.14
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Abstract: Hermas Paint Industry limited, Enugwu-ukwu, Anambra State, Nigeria is a polymer based industry that produces different types of paint from raw materials. Several hazardous and non-hazardous waste loads are produced during the paint manufacturing processes. Effluent generated by paint industries is one of the sources of pollution. Air, soil and water contaminated by effluent from the paint industry are associated with heavy disease burden resulting in short lifespan. Ground water and surface water contamination are also detrimental to health as aquatic life is jeopardized and in return, man is jeopardized. The aim of this work is to study the physico-chemical and Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) analyses of effluent samples from the industry. The concentrations of the physico-chemical parameters were determined for three sampling periods: August, September and October, 2014, using standard chemical methods and Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The Fourier Transform Infra-red analysis (FTIR) of the effluent samples was used to detect the organic functional groups present in the samples. The results obtained showed that the concentration of the mean physico-chemical parameters such as odour, pH, temperature, TDS, TSS, DO, CO32-, OH-, HCO3-, Cl-, NO3-, SO42- acidity and total alkalinity, cobalt, sodium, zinc, and calcium are within the recommended limits for WHO and NESREA with the exception of BOD, COD, TS, total hardness, cadmium, iron, lead, mercury, arsenic and chromium, some of which are slightly above the accepted limits, resulting in adverse effects on human health, plants and animals. The results of FTIR analysis showed the presence of the following functional groups: C– H of benzene, C=O stretch of amides, N-H, C-H stretch for amide and nitriles and O-H stretch for H- bond in alcohol and phenol and then N-H stretch of amides. Therefore, adequate and continuous monitoring should be conducted so as to prevent the bioaccumulation of waste loads which could be detrimental to human health. The WHO and NESREA should ensure that the effluents are well-treated so that the parameters remain within the permissible limits.
Abstract: Hermas Paint Industry limited, Enugwu-ukwu, Anambra State, Nigeria is a polymer based industry that produces different types of paint from raw materials. Several hazardous and non-hazardous waste loads are produced during the paint manufacturing processes. Effluent generated by paint industries is one of the sources of pollution. Air, soil and wate...
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