-
Impact of Ozone Pollution on Human Health and Economic Loss Assessment
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
94-101
Received:
9 March 2021
Accepted:
2 April 2021
Published:
15 October 2021
Abstract: The problem of ozone (O3) pollution in the air has become increasingly prominent in recent years, and the health effects of O3 pollution on people have attracted more attention. O3 is the primary pollutant with the highest over-limit rate in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Pearl River Delta. Based on the data of O3 concentration, exposed pollution, baseline mortality, and hospitalization rate monitored by the Pearl River Delta Regional Air Quality Monitoring Network (PRD-RAQMN) in Shenzhen. This study evaluates the impact of O3 pollution on human health and economic loss in Shenzhen from 2006 to 2018 by using the relative risk model, benefit conversion method, and disease cost method. The annual mean value of daily 8 h maximum concentration of O3 in Shenzhen shows an overall significant upward trend from 2006 to2018, with an average annual value range of 70 to 190.92 μg/m3 and an average value of 112.89 μg/m3. The number of death and hospitalization caused by O3 pollution increases significantly, and the incidence of respiratory system diseases is higher than that of circulatory system diseases. However, the mortality caused by circulatory system diseases was higher than that caused by respiratory system diseases. The economic loss of health caused by O3 pollution increased yearly, with an annual average economic loss of82.46 million RMB, reached 658.31 million RMB in 2018, accounted for 0.0272% of Shenzhen’s GDP in 2018.
Abstract: The problem of ozone (O3) pollution in the air has become increasingly prominent in recent years, and the health effects of O3 pollution on people have attracted more attention. O3 is the primary pollutant with the highest over-limit rate in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Pearl River Delta. Based on the data of O3 concentration, exposed pollution, b...
Show More
-
Study of Risk Management in the Project of the Oil Industry in Yemen
Mohammed Ahmed Yousef Al-qadhi,
Guotie Chen
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
102-111
Received:
18 September 2021
Accepted:
8 October 2021
Published:
19 October 2021
Abstract: This paper aims to identify the significant risks affecting Yemen's oil sector projects and devise practical solutions to mitigate important risks. It demonstrates mismanagement of the oil sector, Corruption and bribery, wars and ongoing conflicts, exchange rate volatility, a lack of modern technology, and economic and financial crises which have produced economic calamity in the country. A survey has been conducted through the one hundred one executives and staff of the oil sector in Yemen, which is concluded a statistical review of the top five risks. According to the results of this report, the risk of war conflicts and Corruption, bribery is nearly 78% to 81%, the rate of exchange and financial crises nearly to 76% to 78%, and lack of modern technology is 75%. The major contribution of the manuscript, conducting informal interviews with different levels of the Yemen Petro government, the mitigation measures were drafted. However, some project management officials have described different mitigation strategies for these significant risks mentioned above. Companies can operate safely, teach project managers, and implement contractor evaluation using multiple technical standards to strengthen the powers of project staff. An administrative and supervisory change is recommended. The conclusion of this study can be mitigated to managed highly impacted risks to resolve conflicts and rebuild what has been destroyed, hiring qualified consultants to assess the oil industry's work in light of the mortgage situation, and a training project. Strengthening law enforcement requires the right people, staff, a focus on teamwork, and improving the climate for non-complicit bidding. For effective risk mitigation, empower people.
Abstract: This paper aims to identify the significant risks affecting Yemen's oil sector projects and devise practical solutions to mitigate important risks. It demonstrates mismanagement of the oil sector, Corruption and bribery, wars and ongoing conflicts, exchange rate volatility, a lack of modern technology, and economic and financial crises which have p...
Show More
-
Whistleblowing Policy and Fraud Prevention and Detection of Listed Deposit Money Banks: Experience from Ekiti State, Nigeria
Niyi Solomon Awotomilusi,
Akinyemi Wumi Ogunleye
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
112-120
Received:
24 September 2021
Accepted:
20 October 2021
Published:
5 November 2021
Abstract: Nigeria is a country engulfed in and defined by fraud and other forms of corruption. This has had a significant detrimental impact on the Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria and the country’s reputation around the world. To this end, the federal government launched whistleblowing policy in 2015 to fight corruption. The whistleblowing initiative aims to encourage Nigerians with useful information about a breach of financial legislation, mishandling of government funds and assets to disclose it. It was considered fit to assess the effectiveness of whistleblowing policy on fraud prevention and detection on listed Deposit Money Banks in Ekiti State, Nigeria since the policy was formulated. The study's participants were all core and managerial workers of Ekiti State's fourteen listed deposit money institutions. The study's sample of 100 respondents was carefully chosen. The instrument utilized to obtain the essential data for the investigation was a questionnaire. The instrument was evaluated by two specialists, and the instrument's reliability was ensured, yielding a reliability coefficient of 0.89, indicating that the results are accurate enough to elicit responses for the study. Only 88 of the 100 questionnaires distributed were returned, indicating an 88 percent response rate. The data was examined using inferential statistics such as chi-square, analysis of variance ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. The study's findings discovered that there exist a positive significant relationship between whistle blowing policy and monitoring and mitigation of management and outsider fraud in Nigerian deposit money banks, as well as a significant impact on the monitoring and mitigation of employee fraud in Nigerian deposit money banks. The research advised that deposit money bank management continue to implement whistleblowing policies to prevent and detect fraud before it occurs, because is as an effective and efficient way of controlling the occurrences of fraud in deposit money bank.
Abstract: Nigeria is a country engulfed in and defined by fraud and other forms of corruption. This has had a significant detrimental impact on the Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria and the country’s reputation around the world. To this end, the federal government launched whistleblowing policy in 2015 to fight corruption. The whistleblowing initiative aims to ...
Show More
-
Value-added Internal Audit from the Perspective of Corporate Governance
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
121-127
Received:
19 November 2021
Accepted:
6 December 2021
Published:
11 December 2021
Abstract: In an increasingly competitive market, internal audit, an integral part of corporate governance, has become increasingly important. Traditional internal auditing no longer fully responds to the current complex scope of internal auditing and the governance objectives of adding value to companies. With the continuous strengthening of corporate governance by modern enterprises, the goal of internal audit is gradually consistent with that of corporate governance: to increase the overall value of the company. This makes internal audit function, audit content and audit scope change accordingly, and value-added internal audit emerges as the times require. With the continuous development of international economic globalization, value-added internal audit is the inevitable trend of internal audit transformation from the perspective of corporate governance. Modern internal audit plays a very important role in improving the governance structure and internal control, and can bring value added to enterprises. The functions and responsibilities of internal audit are positioned to promote the achievement of corporate governance objectives, with increasing emphasis on improving governance and adding value. This means that the functional scope of internal audit has changed from simple financial audit at the beginning to a series of activities such as review and evaluation, control and risk management that run through all aspects of corporate governance. Internal audit is not only a part of corporate governance, but also evaluates and improves the effectiveness of corporate governance procedures. The benign interaction of the two contributes to the improvement of the management procedure and the increase of the overall value of the company. Internal audit can make use of its unique independence to control the risk of the company, improve the efficiency of corporate governance and improve the process of corporate governance by performing a comprehensive evaluation function, so as to enhance the comprehensive quality and economic benefits of the company and realize the overall value of the company.
Abstract: In an increasingly competitive market, internal audit, an integral part of corporate governance, has become increasingly important. Traditional internal auditing no longer fully responds to the current complex scope of internal auditing and the governance objectives of adding value to companies. With the continuous strengthening of corporate govern...
Show More
