Analysis of Honey Value Chain and Marketing System: The Case of Smallholder Beekeepers in Negele Arsi District of Oromia, Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
54-64
Received:
6 July 2021
Accepted:
21 July 2021
Published:
27 July 2021
Abstract: The study was conducted in Negele Arsi district, West Arsi Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia to identify honey value chain actors, functions, services providers, major constraints and opportunities of beekeeping. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected by desk research, observations, survey and interview with different actors in the chain. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as percentages, frequencies, mean and standard deviations using SPSS version 19 and Excel sheets. Whereas, the data collected through interview was analyzed using narration and interpretation. The value chain map was used to get the clear picture of the whole honey market chain and SWOT analysis tool was used to analysis the strength, weakness opportunity and threat of the beekeeping sector in Negele Arsi district. The study result showed that, the major value chain actors in the study district were producers, local collectors, wholesalers, retailers, local drink makers and final consumers of the product were the main chain actors, while Negele Arsi livestock development and fisher resource office, Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, IDE (International Development Enterprises) and SNV Ethiopia were the main chain supporters and service providers. Six main alter native market channels were identified for honey marketing and honey follows the six main routes from the point of its production to its consumption. The major constraints of beekeeping identified in the study district were inaccessibility to beekeeping equipments, inadequate of beekeeping knowledge and skills, shortage of bee forage, prevalence of honeybee pests and predators, lack of organized market channel, pesticides poisoning, lack of adequate extension services, honeybee colony absconding and migration and shortage of honeybee colony. Despite these, there are also opportunities such as availability of area closures, high demand for honey at national, regional and international market, presence of government and non-government organizations working on honey, the existence of conducive policy framework in apiculture sub-sector, existence of farmers with indigenous knowledge and skills who are interested to accept improved technologies, existence of reforestation plan and existence of different flowering plants are some of the opportunities for honey production and marketing by most of the producers. Therefore, efforts should be geared to promoting capacity building through training, promoting modern apiculture technologies, access extension service, access to financial support and market promotion and establishment of beekeepers cooperatives are recommended.
Abstract: The study was conducted in Negele Arsi district, West Arsi Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia to identify honey value chain actors, functions, services providers, major constraints and opportunities of beekeeping. Quantitative and qualitative data was collected by desk research, observations, survey and interview with different actors in the chain. The collect...
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Increasing Air Traffic Effect on Developing Regional and Mega-hub Airports in Asia-Pacific Region
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
65-71
Received:
13 July 2021
Accepted:
27 July 2021
Published:
2 August 2021
Abstract: With the skies busier than ever, air traffic needs to be addressed properly because it affects various other determinants of a national economy. The commercial flights are set to double in the next decade, the eventual method to tackle the problems raised due to air traffic in airport management systems need upscaling. It has to be made into consideration that aviation or air traffic plays a vital role in nourishing and strengthening the lifestyle of communities as well as the local economy in the form of employment opportunities, a boost to the GDP, educational services, and an uplift to the quality of lifestyle. The everyday increase in the rate of customers' demand for air travel services has highlighted the problem of the need of better utilization of air space. With the induction of new types of unmanned and autonomous aircrafts the need of revamping the system is also necessary. Recommendations on this matter are discussed further. In Dec 1903, the air age arrived, when the Wright Brothers try to fly and succeeded the aircraft above the ground surface i.e., more than 120 feet at Kitty Hawk, N.C., the U.S state. As time passed the number of aviation industry increase the numeral amount of aeroplane or aircraft day by day, as a result, the rate of traffic escalates exponentially. The main equitable of aviation is to provide the opportunities regarding the less time effectiveness and comfortable environment to establish a destination. On the other hand, it has also a dependency on the “economy” (i.e, less expensive traveling). The above-mentioned postulates show the increase in the rate of customers demanding a more suitable air traveling services, which also increases the number of the aeroplane and directly related to the increase in the development of airports. Thus, for such a problem solution it requires more outstanding services and control of air traffic. This chapter discussed the research objectives by linking the rate of air traffic control and the literature associated with objectives.
Abstract: With the skies busier than ever, air traffic needs to be addressed properly because it affects various other determinants of a national economy. The commercial flights are set to double in the next decade, the eventual method to tackle the problems raised due to air traffic in airport management systems need upscaling. It has to be made into consid...
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