Comparison of the 3-Fluid Dynamic Model with Experimental Data
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2022
Pages:
39-44
Received:
6 December 2022
Accepted:
26 January 2023
Published:
4 February 2023
Abstract: The article considers a way to compare large bulks of experimental data with theoretical calculations, in which the quality of theoretical models is clearly demonstrated graphically. The main idea of the method consists in grouping physical observables, represented by experiment and theoretical calculation, into samples, each of which characterizes a certain physical process. A further choice of a convenient criterion for comparing measurements and calculations, its calculation and averaging within each sample and then over all samples, makes it possible to choose the best theoretical model in the entire measurement area. Modern analysis of experimental data and their comparison with calculations in the search for exotic states of nuclear matter, where a huge amount of material has been accumulated over several decades, is still largely carried out by eye. Published theoretical data of the three-fluid dynamic model (3FD) applied to the experimental data from heavy-ion collisions at the energy range sNN = 2.7 - 63 GeV are used as example of application of the developed methodology. When analyzing the results, the quantum nature of the fireball, created at heavy ion collisions, was taken into account. Thus, even at energy sNN = 63 GeV of central collisions of heavy ions, there is a nonzero probability of fireball formation without ignition of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). At the same time, QGP ignition at central collision energies above at least sNN = 12 GeV occurs through two competing processes, through a first-order phase transition and through a smooth crossover. That is, in nature, these two possibilities are realized, which occur with approximately the same probabilities. Modern experiment and theory not only does not consider a fireball, born in collisions of relativistic heavy ions, as a quantum object that can have different quantum states with the same energy pumped into it, but the processing of experimental data itself does not provide for the imposition of any triggers to separate these states from each other. This work takes into account the quantum nature of the fireball and the need to analyze all the information accumulated over decades at once.
Abstract: The article considers a way to compare large bulks of experimental data with theoretical calculations, in which the quality of theoretical models is clearly demonstrated graphically. The main idea of the method consists in grouping physical observables, represented by experiment and theoretical calculation, into samples, each of which characterizes...
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