Research Article
Establishment and Verification of Near-infrared Spectral Prediction Model for Fat Content of Xanthoceras Sorbifolia
Ge Chao-hong
,
Li Wei-ming*,
Zhao Hai-long
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
226-231
Received:
30 September 2025
Accepted:
16 October 2025
Published:
22 November 2025
Abstract: In order to realize the nondestructive and rapid detection of fat content of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and meet the screening of breeding materials and industrial processing requirements of X.sorbifolia, 46 X.sorbifolia were selected as the standard sample set, the results showed that the fat content of 46 apricot kernel kernels was 49.38%~68.98% an average content of 61.62%. The fat content of the seed kernel was determined by the Soxhlet extraction method, and the spectral data of the sample was collected by the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology, and the Unscrambler software was used to construct the NIRS prediction model of X.sorbifolia fat content by the partial least squares (PLS) method. The results showed that the regression curve R-Square (determination coefficient) of the model was 0.9856, and the RMSE (standard error) was 0.4149, which could be used for effective prediction. At the same time, 32 X.sorbifolia samples not participating in the modeling were selected as validation materials to further carry out external test on the prediction effect of the model. The results showed that the external test regression curve R-Square was 0.9014, RMSE was 0.8259, and the predicted value of fat content was in good agreement with the chemical value.
Abstract: In order to realize the nondestructive and rapid detection of fat content of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and meet the screening of breeding materials and industrial processing requirements of X.sorbifolia, 46 X.sorbifolia were selected as the standard sample set, the results showed that the fat content of 46 apricot kernel kernels was 49.38%~68.98% an a...
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Research Article
Characteristics and Suitability of Mayo-Lemie Soils for Corn Production
Issine Agoubli*,
Biaksoubo Teguinet,
Goalbaye Touroumgaye,
Allanaissem Ngonka Tombor
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
232-239
Received:
16 September 2025
Accepted:
21 November 2025
Published:
17 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.aff.20251406.12
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Abstract: A study conducted in the Mayo-Lemié region of southwestern Chad aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics and suitability of a soil for maize cultivation. A soil profile was established and described in the field, and soil samples were then collected from the different horizons. These samples were oven-dried for two weeks, crushed, labeled, and sent to the laboratory for routine analysis. The results of the analyses showed that all the samples analyzed ranged from slightly acidic to acidic with pH between 5.1 and 6.5; similarly, all exchangeable cations were poorly represented. The sum of exchangeable cation decreases with depth, as do the values of other nutrients. The results of the laboratory analyses were compared white the climatic data of the study area for evaluation according to the FAO. The climate assessment shows that the climate is very suitable for maize cultivation with an adjusted climate index of 88.03. It also appears from this study that the land unit concerned is marginally suitable for maize production with a parametric value of 31.82. The sandy texture remains the main limitation. To improve the situation, crop rotation is necessary, stubble should be returned to the fields after harvest, and mineral and organic fertilizers should be applied to improve the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil in order to increase yields.
Abstract: A study conducted in the Mayo-Lemié region of southwestern Chad aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics and suitability of a soil for maize cultivation. A soil profile was established and described in the field, and soil samples were then collected from the different horizons. These samples were oven-dried for two weeks, crushed, lab...
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Research Article
Forests for Prosperity: Integrating Carbon Markets with Rural Livelihoods in Kenya
Benjamin Mutuku Kinyili*
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 6, December 2025
Pages:
240-248
Received:
2 November 2025
Accepted:
24 November 2025
Published:
17 December 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.aff.20251406.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Forests are central to rural incomes, energy security, water regulation, and climate goals. Yet the promise of carbon finance remains uneven due to contested land and resource rights, weak community participation, inconsistent monitoring and reporting, market volatility, and opaque benefit-sharing that can erode local trust. To determine how carbon markets can be integrated with rural livelihoods, a rapid evidence synthesis of Kenyan national laws, policies, and program documents was combined with structured case studies of representative forest and rangeland carbon projects. Data were analyzed thematically across five domains: governance and authorizations, measurement/reporting, benefit-sharing, livelihood co-investment, and risk management to identify enabling conditions and failure points. The results show that Kenya’s evolving framework now clarifies roles for authorizing projects, establishes national tracking systems, and requires community benefit-sharing through locally negotiated agreements. Projects demonstrate the capacity to generate verified emission reductions and fund local priorities (e.g., water, education, health, and micro-enterprise). However, results also reveal persistent risks: unclear tenure and inadequate free, prior and informed consent (FPIC); gaps in transparent revenue reporting; variable monitoring quality; and exposure to price and demand swings. Kenya has assembled the core policy and institutional scaffolding to link carbon markets with rural prosperity. Realizing this potential depends on centering community rights, credible monitoring, and transparent, rules-based sharing of benefits. It is recommended that (1) fully operationalizing national carbon registries and clear authorization procedures; (2) standardizing Community Development Agreements (CDA) with public reporting of revenues and disbursements; (3) aligning project monitoring with national forest and restoration systems; (4) ring-fencing carbon revenues for local enterprises—beekeeping, nurseries, efficient cooking, sustainable wood products, and eco-tourism with gender and youth quotas; (5) requiring independent audits and accessible grievance redress mechanisms; and (6) benchmarking projects against internationally recognized integrity standards to stabilize demand and pricing.
Abstract: Forests are central to rural incomes, energy security, water regulation, and climate goals. Yet the promise of carbon finance remains uneven due to contested land and resource rights, weak community participation, inconsistent monitoring and reporting, market volatility, and opaque benefit-sharing that can erode local trust. To determine how carbon...
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