The follow-up research of Aristotle’s syllogism has different approaches. The traditional syllogism follows Aristotle’s conceptual system and hopes to make improvements within Aristotle’s theory. Mathematical logic proposes a new conceptual system to accurately interpret Aristotle’s syllogism. Lei Ma puts forward an extended syllogism whose conceptual system is different from Aristotelian logic and mathematical logic. He thinks that Aristotle’s syllogism and traditional syllogism have tedious figures, moods, and reasoning rules, which are difficult for us to memorize. It is a theoretical conclusion of the human reasoning process but does not conform to the actual human thinking process. Ma’s syllogism is called substitution logic, which mainly concerns the substitution characteristics of a human thinking process, and summarizes the substitution rules in the reasoning process. Substitution logic appropriately describes the actual human reasoning process, thus inspiring us to establish a unified scientific theory of thinking and carry out normative research on the unity of abstract thinking and imaginative thinking. Substitution logic may be applied to the field of artificial intelligence, making artificial intelligence closer to the reality of human thinking. It seems that the research direction of substitution logic will give birth to human-like AI systems and promote the revolutionary transformation of AI research.
| Published in | International Journal of Philosophy (Volume 10, Issue 4) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijp.20221004.16 |
| Page(s) | 159-162 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Aristotle’s Syllogism, Traditional Syllogism, Substitution Logic
| [1] | Aristotle. (2014). Prior analytics. (A. J. Jenkinson trans.). Retrieved from http://etext.library.adelaide.edu.au/a/aristotle/ |
| [2] | Ben-Yami. (2014). The quantified argument calculus, The Review of Symbolic Logic, 7: 120–46. |
| [3] | Bueno, O.(2013). Logical constants: a modalist approach. Noûs, 47 (1): 1-24. |
| [4] | Castro-Manzano, J. M.; Lozano-Cobos, L. I.; Reyes-Cardenas, P. O. (2018). Programming with Term Logic. BRAIN Broad Res. Artif. Intell. Neurosci. 9: 22-36. |
| [5] | Castro-Manzano, J. (2021). Traditional Logic and Computational Thinking. Philosophies, 6 (1), 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies6010012 |
| [6] | Copi, I. M., Cohen, C., & McMahon, K. (2014). Introduction to Logic. (14th Eds.) Harlow: Pearson Education Limited. |
| [7] | Council, N.; Sciences, D.; Board, C. (2010). Thinking, C. Report of a Workshop on the Scope and Nature of Computational Thinking. National Academies Press: Washington, DC, USA. |
| [8] | Jonas Raab (2018). Aristotle, Logic, and QUARC, History and Philosophy of Logic, 39 (4): 305-340. https://doi.10.1080/01445340.2018.1467198 |
| [9] | Kneale, W., & Kneale, M. (1962). The development of logic. Oxford: The Clarendon Press. (Chn. trans. by Zhang, J. L., & Hong, H. K., (1995, pp. 453-454). Beijing: The Commerce Press). |
| [10] | Kowalski, R. (2012). Computational Logic and Human Thinking: How to Be Artificially Intelligent. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK. |
| [11] | Lukasiewicz, J. (1957). Aristotle’s syllogistic: From the standpoint of modern formal logic (2nd ed.). Oxford: The Clarendon Press. |
| [12] | Ma, L. (2015a). Truth-graph Method: A Handy Method Different from that of Lesniewsk’s. Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric, 42 (1): 79-111. https://doi.org/10.1515/slgr-2015-0032 |
| [13] | Ma, L. (2015b). Traditional Inference and its Versions in the Combined Calculus. The Philosophical Forum, 46 (2): 155-174. https://doi.org/10.1111/phil.12062 |
| [14] | Ma, L. (2016). Aristotle's Formal System of Modal Logic and its Modal Paradoxes. The Philosophical Forum, 47 (1): 5-15. https://doi.org/10.1111/phil.12090 |
| [15] | Ma, L. (2017). The Essential and the Derivative Moods of Aristotelian Syllogism. Cogent Arts and Humanities, 4 (1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2017.1282689 |
| [16] | Ma, L. (2018). The Normal-Form Decision Method in the Combined Calculus. Axiomathes, 25 (76): 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10516-018-9376-4 |
| [17] | Ma, L. (2019). Substitution Logic: An Extension of Syllogism. The Philosophical Forum, 50 (2), 191-223. https://doi.org/10.1111/phil.12221. |
| [18] | Noah, A. (2015). Sommers’s cancellation technique and the method of resolution. In The Old New Logic: Essays on the Philosophy of Fred Sommers; Oderberg, D. S., Ed.; Bradford Book; MIT Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 169-182 pp. |
| [19] | Sellars, R. W. (1917). The essentials of logic. Cambridge: The Riverside Press. |
| [20] | Striker, Gisela. (2022). Aristotle and the Uses of Logic. From Aristotle to Cicero: Essays in Ancient Philosophy (Oxford, 2022; online edn, Oxford Academic, 20 Jan.). https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198868385.003.0005 |
APA Style
Xiangqun Chen. (2022). A New Syllogism Closer to the Reality of Human Thinking -- On Lei Ma’s Substitution Logic. International Journal of Philosophy, 10(4), 159-162. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20221004.16
ACS Style
Xiangqun Chen. A New Syllogism Closer to the Reality of Human Thinking -- On Lei Ma’s Substitution Logic. Int. J. Philos. 2022, 10(4), 159-162. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20221004.16
AMA Style
Xiangqun Chen. A New Syllogism Closer to the Reality of Human Thinking -- On Lei Ma’s Substitution Logic. Int J Philos. 2022;10(4):159-162. doi: 10.11648/j.ijp.20221004.16
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ijp.20221004.16,
author = {Xiangqun Chen},
title = {A New Syllogism Closer to the Reality of Human Thinking -- On Lei Ma’s Substitution Logic},
journal = {International Journal of Philosophy},
volume = {10},
number = {4},
pages = {159-162},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijp.20221004.16},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20221004.16},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijp.20221004.16},
abstract = {The follow-up research of Aristotle’s syllogism has different approaches. The traditional syllogism follows Aristotle’s conceptual system and hopes to make improvements within Aristotle’s theory. Mathematical logic proposes a new conceptual system to accurately interpret Aristotle’s syllogism. Lei Ma puts forward an extended syllogism whose conceptual system is different from Aristotelian logic and mathematical logic. He thinks that Aristotle’s syllogism and traditional syllogism have tedious figures, moods, and reasoning rules, which are difficult for us to memorize. It is a theoretical conclusion of the human reasoning process but does not conform to the actual human thinking process. Ma’s syllogism is called substitution logic, which mainly concerns the substitution characteristics of a human thinking process, and summarizes the substitution rules in the reasoning process. Substitution logic appropriately describes the actual human reasoning process, thus inspiring us to establish a unified scientific theory of thinking and carry out normative research on the unity of abstract thinking and imaginative thinking. Substitution logic may be applied to the field of artificial intelligence, making artificial intelligence closer to the reality of human thinking. It seems that the research direction of substitution logic will give birth to human-like AI systems and promote the revolutionary transformation of AI research.},
year = {2022}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - A New Syllogism Closer to the Reality of Human Thinking -- On Lei Ma’s Substitution Logic AU - Xiangqun Chen Y1 - 2022/12/23 PY - 2022 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20221004.16 DO - 10.11648/j.ijp.20221004.16 T2 - International Journal of Philosophy JF - International Journal of Philosophy JO - International Journal of Philosophy SP - 159 EP - 162 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-7455 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijp.20221004.16 AB - The follow-up research of Aristotle’s syllogism has different approaches. The traditional syllogism follows Aristotle’s conceptual system and hopes to make improvements within Aristotle’s theory. Mathematical logic proposes a new conceptual system to accurately interpret Aristotle’s syllogism. Lei Ma puts forward an extended syllogism whose conceptual system is different from Aristotelian logic and mathematical logic. He thinks that Aristotle’s syllogism and traditional syllogism have tedious figures, moods, and reasoning rules, which are difficult for us to memorize. It is a theoretical conclusion of the human reasoning process but does not conform to the actual human thinking process. Ma’s syllogism is called substitution logic, which mainly concerns the substitution characteristics of a human thinking process, and summarizes the substitution rules in the reasoning process. Substitution logic appropriately describes the actual human reasoning process, thus inspiring us to establish a unified scientific theory of thinking and carry out normative research on the unity of abstract thinking and imaginative thinking. Substitution logic may be applied to the field of artificial intelligence, making artificial intelligence closer to the reality of human thinking. It seems that the research direction of substitution logic will give birth to human-like AI systems and promote the revolutionary transformation of AI research. VL - 10 IS - 4 ER -
Information
Email: