Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry

Wessey Napoleon Afolabi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16

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Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry

Wessey Napoleon Afolabi

Published in International Journal of Materials Science and Applications (Volume 6, Issue 2)

Received: 5 January 2017 Accepted: 31 January 2017 Published: 7 March 2017

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Abstract

Slag is a non-metallic by-product obtained in the refining of metals from metallic ores. Slag production at the Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, western Niger Delta, follows the direct iron reduction steelmaking process. Fifteen company slag samples collected were examined by x-ray fluorescence, thin section petrography and electron microprobe analyses to establish the mineralogy and mineral crystallization sequence and thus explain their occurrences. The results show the presence of synthesized silicate minerals of belite, melilite and merwinite; calcium aluminate, wustite, periclase, perovskite and glass in the slag formed at between the temperatures of 1500°C and 500°C. Crystallization sequence is alpha (α) form of belite (1500°C-1420°C), alpha high (α/H) belite (1420°C-1160°C), alpha low (α/L) belite (1160°C-680°C, beta (β-) belite (680°C – 630°C), Melilite (1420°C-680°C), aluminate, merwinite, wustite, periclase, peruvskite and glass (630°C–500°C) in that order. This study has revealed that in behavior, synthetic minerals also crystallize from high to low temperature forms as is the case with natural minerals formed from silicate magmas. The forming behaviour of these minerals confers on them the important characteristics for industrial use as an industrial mineral compliment to natural materials.

Published in	International Journal of Materials Science and Applications (Volume 6, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16
Page(s)	99-107
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Steelmaking Slag, Iron, Reduction, Synthesized Silicate Minerals, Crystallization Sequence, Industry

References

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Wessey Napoleon Afolabi. (2017). Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 6(2), 99-107. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16

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ACS Style

Wessey Napoleon Afolabi. Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry. Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2017, 6(2), 99-107. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16

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AMA Style

Wessey Napoleon Afolabi. Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry. Int J Mater Sci Appl. 2017;6(2):99-107. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16,
  author = {Wessey Napoleon Afolabi},
  title = {Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry},
  journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {99-107},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.20170602.16},
  abstract = {Slag is a non-metallic by-product obtained in the refining of metals from metallic ores. Slag production at the Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, western Niger Delta, follows the direct iron reduction steelmaking process. Fifteen company slag samples collected were examined by x-ray fluorescence, thin section petrography and electron microprobe analyses to establish the mineralogy and mineral crystallization sequence and thus explain their occurrences. The results show the presence of synthesized silicate minerals of belite, melilite and merwinite; calcium aluminate, wustite, periclase, perovskite and glass in the slag formed at between the temperatures of 1500°C and 500°C. Crystallization sequence is alpha (α) form of belite (1500°C-1420°C), alpha high (α/H) belite (1420°C-1160°C), alpha low (α/L) belite (1160°C-680°C, beta (β-) belite (680°C – 630°C), Melilite (1420°C-680°C), aluminate, merwinite, wustite, periclase, peruvskite and glass (630°C–500°C) in that order. This study has revealed that in behavior, synthetic minerals also crystallize from high to low temperature forms as is the case with natural minerals formed from silicate magmas. The forming behaviour of these minerals confers on them the important characteristics for industrial use as an industrial mineral compliment to natural materials.},
 year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry
AU  - Wessey Napoleon Afolabi
Y1  - 2017/03/07
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16
T2  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
SP  - 99
EP  - 107
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2643
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16
AB  - Slag is a non-metallic by-product obtained in the refining of metals from metallic ores. Slag production at the Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, western Niger Delta, follows the direct iron reduction steelmaking process. Fifteen company slag samples collected were examined by x-ray fluorescence, thin section petrography and electron microprobe analyses to establish the mineralogy and mineral crystallization sequence and thus explain their occurrences. The results show the presence of synthesized silicate minerals of belite, melilite and merwinite; calcium aluminate, wustite, periclase, perovskite and glass in the slag formed at between the temperatures of 1500°C and 500°C. Crystallization sequence is alpha (α) form of belite (1500°C-1420°C), alpha high (α/H) belite (1420°C-1160°C), alpha low (α/L) belite (1160°C-680°C, beta (β-) belite (680°C – 630°C), Melilite (1420°C-680°C), aluminate, merwinite, wustite, periclase, peruvskite and glass (630°C–500°C) in that order. This study has revealed that in behavior, synthetic minerals also crystallize from high to low temperature forms as is the case with natural minerals formed from silicate magmas. The forming behaviour of these minerals confers on them the important characteristics for industrial use as an industrial mineral compliment to natural materials.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Wessey Napoleon Afolabi

Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Niger Delta University, Amassoma, Nigeria

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Wessey Napoleon Afolabi. (2017). Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry. International Journal of Materials Science and Applications, 6(2), 99-107. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16

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ACS Style

Wessey Napoleon Afolabi. Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry. Int. J. Mater. Sci. Appl. 2017, 6(2), 99-107. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16

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AMA Style

Wessey Napoleon Afolabi. Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry. Int J Mater Sci Appl. 2017;6(2):99-107. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16

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@article{10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16,
  author = {Wessey Napoleon Afolabi},
  title = {Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry},
  journal = {International Journal of Materials Science and Applications},
  volume = {6},
  number = {2},
  pages = {99-107},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmsa.20170602.16},
  abstract = {Slag is a non-metallic by-product obtained in the refining of metals from metallic ores. Slag production at the Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, western Niger Delta, follows the direct iron reduction steelmaking process. Fifteen company slag samples collected were examined by x-ray fluorescence, thin section petrography and electron microprobe analyses to establish the mineralogy and mineral crystallization sequence and thus explain their occurrences. The results show the presence of synthesized silicate minerals of belite, melilite and merwinite; calcium aluminate, wustite, periclase, perovskite and glass in the slag formed at between the temperatures of 1500°C and 500°C. Crystallization sequence is alpha (α) form of belite (1500°C-1420°C), alpha high (α/H) belite (1420°C-1160°C), alpha low (α/L) belite (1160°C-680°C, beta (β-) belite (680°C – 630°C), Melilite (1420°C-680°C), aluminate, merwinite, wustite, periclase, peruvskite and glass (630°C–500°C) in that order. This study has revealed that in behavior, synthetic minerals also crystallize from high to low temperature forms as is the case with natural minerals formed from silicate magmas. The forming behaviour of these minerals confers on them the important characteristics for industrial use as an industrial mineral compliment to natural materials.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Mineral Phase Crystallization Sequence of Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, Western Niger Delta Steelmaking Slag for Use as Material in Industry
AU  - Wessey Napoleon Afolabi
Y1  - 2017/03/07
PY  - 2017
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16
T2  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JF  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
JO  - International Journal of Materials Science and Applications
SP  - 99
EP  - 107
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2327-2643
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmsa.20170602.16
AB  - Slag is a non-metallic by-product obtained in the refining of metals from metallic ores. Slag production at the Delta Steel Company (DSC), Ovwian-Aladja, western Niger Delta, follows the direct iron reduction steelmaking process. Fifteen company slag samples collected were examined by x-ray fluorescence, thin section petrography and electron microprobe analyses to establish the mineralogy and mineral crystallization sequence and thus explain their occurrences. The results show the presence of synthesized silicate minerals of belite, melilite and merwinite; calcium aluminate, wustite, periclase, perovskite and glass in the slag formed at between the temperatures of 1500°C and 500°C. Crystallization sequence is alpha (α) form of belite (1500°C-1420°C), alpha high (α/H) belite (1420°C-1160°C), alpha low (α/L) belite (1160°C-680°C, beta (β-) belite (680°C – 630°C), Melilite (1420°C-680°C), aluminate, merwinite, wustite, periclase, peruvskite and glass (630°C–500°C) in that order. This study has revealed that in behavior, synthetic minerals also crystallize from high to low temperature forms as is the case with natural minerals formed from silicate magmas. The forming behaviour of these minerals confers on them the important characteristics for industrial use as an industrial mineral compliment to natural materials.
VL  - 6
IS  - 2
ER  -

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