The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957

Luu Phuong Truc

doi:doi:10.11648/j.history.20221002.17

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The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957

Luu Phuong Truc

Published in History Research (Volume 10, Issue 2)

Received: 25 September 2022 Accepted: 17 October 2022 Published: 27 October 2022

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Abstract

After the signing of the Genève Accords (1954), the higher education system established by the French in Indochina (mainly based in Hanoi) from the beginning of the 20^th century was gradually moved to Saigon. After taking over the system from the French, in order to meet the demand for human resources to serve the regime and under the auspices of the United States, the government of the Republic of Vietnam had made lots of efforts to build a new higher education system in South Vietnam. In 1955-1957, this system (consisting of universities and post-secondary schools) was gradually formed in South Vietnam on the basis of reconstructing and restructuring most French higher education institutions established earlier. In the context of the transition to a new, more pragmatic higher education system following American model, the results were not much and the transition proceeded relatively slowly despite the aid and political manipulation from the US. Until before 1960, French influence to the higher education system of Republic of Vietnam still prevailed, leaving clear marks on the structure, organization and operation of universities in South Vietnam.

Published in	History Research (Volume 10, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.history.20221002.17
Page(s)	113-118
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Republic of Vietnam, Higher Education, Process of Establishing, 1955-1957

References

[1]	Luro, Gustave Dumoutier (1887). The beginning of French education in the North, Hanoi, Imprimerie Schneider, p. 4.
[2]	Nguyen Thuy Phuong (2020). Education in Vietnam under the colonial era - red and black legend. Hanoi Publisher, p. 9.
[3]	Governor of Cochinchina (1906). Decree establishing Indochina University Institute. No. 48.042-GGI/NĐ, May 16, 1906.
[4]	Nguyen Thi Mai Huong, Luu Van Quyet (2021). “Higher Education Policy in Southern Vietnam (1955 - 1963)”. Thu Dau Mot University Journal of Science, No. 3 (52). http://doi.org/10.37550/tdmu.VJS/2021.03.189.
[5]	Nghiem The To (1954). Vietnam: Blood and Fire. Sai Gon: Mai Linh Publishing House, p. 89.
[6]	Luu Van Quyet, Nguyen Thi Mai Huong (2020). “Higher Education in South Vietnam in 1965-1975: An Approach from The Impacts of The Us Education Aid”. Review of International Geographical Education (RIGEO), 10 (4), pp. 804-814. Doi: 10.33403/rigeo.791622.
[7]	Le Mau Han (1999). General history of Vietnam. Hanoi: Education Publishing House.
[8]	Nguyen Tan Phat (2014). Education of the South Vietnamese revolution in the period 1954-1975 - Historical experiences and lessons. Hanoi: National Political Publishing House.
[9]	USAID (United States Agency for International Development) (1967). Participant Trainning: Objectives and Returns, Saigon: October, 231. National Archives Center II, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
[10]	National Council of the Republic of Vietnam (1954). Recommendations on education reform and reform. No. HDQG/TT, December 21, 1954. National Archives Center II, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
[11]	Ministry of National Education Republic of Vietnam (1961). Report on the activities of the Ministry of National Education from 7/7/1954 to 7/7/1961 sent to the Prime Minister's office. No. 176-GD/TT/BC, July 28, 1961. National Archives Center II, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
[12]	Ministry of National Education Republic of Vietnam (1965). “Report of the Ministry of National Affairs of the Republic of Vietnam on the 5-year plan educational development”. No. 3214-GD / TT, January 3, 1965. National Archives Center II, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
[13]	Ngo Minh Oanh (2019). General in the South (1954-1975). Ho Chi Minh City: General Publishing House.
[14]	Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Vietnam (1958). “Document of the first national educational conference”. File 112-GD, December 1958. National Archives Center II, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
[15]	Prime Minister of the Republic of Vietnam (1957). Decree on the establishment of Saigon University and Hue University Institute. No. 45-GD, March 1, 1957. National Archives Center II, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
[16]	Le Cung 2012. Hue University-55 years of construction and development (1957 - 2012). Hue: University Publishing House.
[17]	Ministry of National Education Republic of Vietnam (1960). “Dispatch from the Ministry of National Education to the Prime Minister's Office on the establishment of educational institutions from 1956 to 1960”. No. 1145GD/TT/CV dated October 21, 1960. National Archives Center II, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
[18]	Ministry of National Education of the Republic of Vietnam (1958). “Report on the situation of Colleges-Professionals in the national territory”. No. 221 / GQG-TT, October 13, 1958. National Archives Center II, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

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APA Style

Luu Phuong Truc. (2022). The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957. History Research, 10(2), 113-118. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20221002.17

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Luu Phuong Truc. The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957. Hist. Res. 2022, 10(2), 113-118. doi: 10.11648/j.history.20221002.17

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AMA Style

Luu Phuong Truc. The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957. Hist Res. 2022;10(2):113-118. doi: 10.11648/j.history.20221002.17

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@article{10.11648/j.history.20221002.17,
  author = {Luu Phuong Truc},
  title = {The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957},
  journal = {History Research},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {113-118},
  doi = {10.11648/j.history.20221002.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20221002.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.history.20221002.17},
  abstract = {After the signing of the Genève Accords (1954), the higher education system established by the French in Indochina (mainly based in Hanoi) from the beginning of the 20th century was gradually moved to Saigon. After taking over the system from the French, in order to meet the demand for human resources to serve the regime and under the auspices of the United States, the government of the Republic of Vietnam had made lots of efforts to build a new higher education system in South Vietnam. In 1955-1957, this system (consisting of universities and post-secondary schools) was gradually formed in South Vietnam on the basis of reconstructing and restructuring most French higher education institutions established earlier. In the context of the transition to a new, more pragmatic higher education system following American model, the results were not much and the transition proceeded relatively slowly despite the aid and political manipulation from the US. Until before 1960, French influence to the higher education system of Republic of Vietnam still prevailed, leaving clear marks on the structure, organization and operation of universities in South Vietnam.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957
AU  - Luu Phuong Truc
Y1  - 2022/10/27
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20221002.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.history.20221002.17
T2  - History Research
JF  - History Research
JO  - History Research
SP  - 113
EP  - 118
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-6719
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20221002.17
AB  - After the signing of the Genève Accords (1954), the higher education system established by the French in Indochina (mainly based in Hanoi) from the beginning of the 20th century was gradually moved to Saigon. After taking over the system from the French, in order to meet the demand for human resources to serve the regime and under the auspices of the United States, the government of the Republic of Vietnam had made lots of efforts to build a new higher education system in South Vietnam. In 1955-1957, this system (consisting of universities and post-secondary schools) was gradually formed in South Vietnam on the basis of reconstructing and restructuring most French higher education institutions established earlier. In the context of the transition to a new, more pragmatic higher education system following American model, the results were not much and the transition proceeded relatively slowly despite the aid and political manipulation from the US. Until before 1960, French influence to the higher education system of Republic of Vietnam still prevailed, leaving clear marks on the structure, organization and operation of universities in South Vietnam.
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Luu Phuong Truc

International School Ho Chi Minh City, American Academy (ISHCMC-AA), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

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APA Style

Luu Phuong Truc. (2022). The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957. History Research, 10(2), 113-118. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20221002.17

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ACS Style

Luu Phuong Truc. The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957. Hist. Res. 2022, 10(2), 113-118. doi: 10.11648/j.history.20221002.17

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AMA Style

Luu Phuong Truc. The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957. Hist Res. 2022;10(2):113-118. doi: 10.11648/j.history.20221002.17

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.history.20221002.17,
  author = {Luu Phuong Truc},
  title = {The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957},
  journal = {History Research},
  volume = {10},
  number = {2},
  pages = {113-118},
  doi = {10.11648/j.history.20221002.17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20221002.17},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.history.20221002.17},
  abstract = {After the signing of the Genève Accords (1954), the higher education system established by the French in Indochina (mainly based in Hanoi) from the beginning of the 20th century was gradually moved to Saigon. After taking over the system from the French, in order to meet the demand for human resources to serve the regime and under the auspices of the United States, the government of the Republic of Vietnam had made lots of efforts to build a new higher education system in South Vietnam. In 1955-1957, this system (consisting of universities and post-secondary schools) was gradually formed in South Vietnam on the basis of reconstructing and restructuring most French higher education institutions established earlier. In the context of the transition to a new, more pragmatic higher education system following American model, the results were not much and the transition proceeded relatively slowly despite the aid and political manipulation from the US. Until before 1960, French influence to the higher education system of Republic of Vietnam still prevailed, leaving clear marks on the structure, organization and operation of universities in South Vietnam.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Process of Establishing Universities in South Vietnam in 1955-1957
AU  - Luu Phuong Truc
Y1  - 2022/10/27
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20221002.17
DO  - 10.11648/j.history.20221002.17
T2  - History Research
JF  - History Research
JO  - History Research
SP  - 113
EP  - 118
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-6719
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20221002.17
AB  - After the signing of the Genève Accords (1954), the higher education system established by the French in Indochina (mainly based in Hanoi) from the beginning of the 20th century was gradually moved to Saigon. After taking over the system from the French, in order to meet the demand for human resources to serve the regime and under the auspices of the United States, the government of the Republic of Vietnam had made lots of efforts to build a new higher education system in South Vietnam. In 1955-1957, this system (consisting of universities and post-secondary schools) was gradually formed in South Vietnam on the basis of reconstructing and restructuring most French higher education institutions established earlier. In the context of the transition to a new, more pragmatic higher education system following American model, the results were not much and the transition proceeded relatively slowly despite the aid and political manipulation from the US. Until before 1960, French influence to the higher education system of Republic of Vietnam still prevailed, leaving clear marks on the structure, organization and operation of universities in South Vietnam.
VL  - 10
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download