American Journal of Internal Medicine

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Aplastic Anemia in Egypt: Current Situation and Future Prospective

Received: Apr. 06, 2016    Accepted: Apr. 20, 2016    Published: May 11, 2016
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Abstract

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a hypoproliferative anemia that led to a significant morbidity and mortality. Recently, dramatic improvement in prognosis of AA was achieved; this was in part due to advances in immunosuppressive therapy and HSCT. Nevertheless, AA is still one of the most challenging hematological disorders that could face a hematologist. This study was conducted at Assiut University Hospital (AUH), Assiut, Egypt to evaluate current situation and future prospective of AA. 63 patients with AA were prospectively enrolled in the study; they were admitted at the Hematology unit, AUH in the period 1stJan2011 to Feb2012, a 38 patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were included for comparison. Patients' demographic and clinical data were collected through medical history and clinical examination. Both direct and indirect health care costs of anemia were assessed Direct parameters included doctors' and hospital fees, costs of laboratory investigations, medication fees and costs of HSCT or any procedure. Indirect costs included travelling expenses and earning losses. Social burden of anemia was estimated by anemia related morbidity and mortality. Data were analyzed with SPSSV.17, results showed that AA affected young age group with mean age 30.89±13.39 years, without sex predilection, acquired AA was more common than idiopathic (55.6% vs. 44.4%), however mortality was higher in idiopathic AA (46.2%). Causes of aplasia were exposure to chemicals, drugs and hepatitis in order. Only 63.5% of AA were admitted once and 47.6% in general ward, the mean hospital days for patients with AA was 17.73±11.10, compared to 8.32±6.69 in IDA, P=0.000, also higher socio-economic burden of AA was found compared with IDA. These results denoted that management of AA is still ineffective, and that there is a definite need for a strict plan to prevent incidence of AA, particularly in developing countries where effective management of AA is too expensive and relatively unavailable.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajim.20160402.12
Published in American Journal of Internal Medicine ( Volume 4, Issue 2, March 2016 )
Page(s) 36-42
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Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Aplastic Anemia, Future, Perspectives

References
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[2] Brodsky RA, Jones. Aplastic Anemia. The Lancet London, 2005.7–13; 365 (9471): 1647-57.
[3] Young NS. Acquired aplastic anemia; in Schechter GP, Berliner N, Telen MJ (eds): Hematology. Washington, The American Society of Hematology Education Program Book, 2000, pp 18-38.
[4] Adil SN, Burney JA, Kakepto GN, Khurshid M. Epidemiologic features of Aplastic Anemia in Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2001; 51 (12): 443-5.
[5] Malhotra P, GellaV, Murthy GSG, Varma N, and Varma S. Higdh incidence of aplastic anemia is linked with lower socioeconomic status of Indian population. J Public Health 2015;doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdv027.
[6] Fuhrer M, Ramp fU, Baumann I, et al. Immunosuppressive therapy for aplastic anemia in children: a more severe disease predicts better survival. Blood 2005; 15 (6): 2102-4.
[7] Ali AS, Hamid MH, Khan MA, Ahmed FN. Acquired Aplastic Anemia– and experience with different drug therapies. Pak Paediat J2003; 27 (1): 19-27.
[8] Hernandez-Rivera EG. Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in aplastic anemia. Rev Invest Clini 2005; 57 (2): 298-304.
[9] Mahmoud HK, El-Haddad AM, Fahmy OA, et al. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Egypt. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2008) 42, S76–S80.
[10] Davies JK, Guinan EC. An update on the management of severe idiopathic aplastic anemia in children. Br J Haem.2007; 136 (4): 549-564.
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[17] Clausen N, Salmi T, Storm Mathisen I, Johannesson G. Severe Aplastic Anemia in Nordic Countries: A population based study of incidenc, course and outcome. Archives Dis Childhood 1996; 74: 319-22.
[18] Kim JY, Shin S, HanK, et al. Relationship between socioeconomic status and anemia prevalence in adolescent girls based on the fourth and fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Feb; 68 (2): 253-8.
[19] Issaragrisil S, Kaufman DW, Anderson TE, et al. An association of aplastic anaemia in Thailand with low socioeconomics tatus. Br J Haematol. 1995 Sep; 91 (1): 80-4.
[20] Ibrahiem OA, Haridi MA, Kamel RA. Outcomes of aplastic anemia patients in Assiut University hospital, one year study. 2014. Assiut Med. J.; 38 (1): 247-254.
[21] Field SR, Follmann D, Nunez O, Neal S, Young MD. ATG and Cyclosporin–A for severe aplastic anemia. JAMA 2003; 289 (9): 1130-35.
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  • APA Style

    Safaa A. A. Khaled. (2016). Aplastic Anemia in Egypt: Current Situation and Future Prospective. American Journal of Internal Medicine, 4(2), 36-42. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20160402.12

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    ACS Style

    Safaa A. A. Khaled. Aplastic Anemia in Egypt: Current Situation and Future Prospective. Am. J. Intern. Med. 2016, 4(2), 36-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20160402.12

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    AMA Style

    Safaa A. A. Khaled. Aplastic Anemia in Egypt: Current Situation and Future Prospective. Am J Intern Med. 2016;4(2):36-42. doi: 10.11648/j.ajim.20160402.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajim.20160402.12,
      author = {Safaa A. A. Khaled},
      title = {Aplastic Anemia in Egypt: Current Situation and Future Prospective},
      journal = {American Journal of Internal Medicine},
      volume = {4},
      number = {2},
      pages = {36-42},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajim.20160402.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajim.20160402.12},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajim.20160402.12},
      abstract = {Aplastic anemia (AA) is a hypoproliferative anemia that led to a significant morbidity and mortality. Recently, dramatic improvement in prognosis of AA was achieved; this was in part due to advances in immunosuppressive therapy and HSCT. Nevertheless, AA is still one of the most challenging hematological disorders that could face a hematologist. This study was conducted at Assiut University Hospital (AUH), Assiut, Egypt to evaluate current situation and future prospective of AA. 63 patients with AA were prospectively enrolled in the study; they were admitted at the Hematology unit, AUH in the period 1stJan2011 to Feb2012, a 38 patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were included for comparison. Patients' demographic and clinical data were collected through medical history and clinical examination. Both direct and indirect health care costs of anemia were assessed Direct parameters included doctors' and hospital fees, costs of laboratory investigations, medication fees and costs of HSCT or any procedure. Indirect costs included travelling expenses and earning losses. Social burden of anemia was estimated by anemia related morbidity and mortality. Data were analyzed with SPSSV.17, results showed that AA affected young age group with mean age 30.89±13.39 years, without sex predilection, acquired AA was more common than idiopathic (55.6% vs. 44.4%), however mortality was higher in idiopathic AA (46.2%). Causes of aplasia were exposure to chemicals, drugs and hepatitis in order. Only 63.5% of AA were admitted once and 47.6% in general ward, the mean hospital days for patients with AA was 17.73±11.10, compared to 8.32±6.69 in IDA, P=0.000, also higher socio-economic burden of AA was found compared with IDA. These results denoted that management of AA is still ineffective, and that there is a definite need for a strict plan to prevent incidence of AA, particularly in developing countries where effective management of AA is too expensive and relatively unavailable.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Aplastic Anemia in Egypt: Current Situation and Future Prospective
    AU  - Safaa A. A. Khaled
    Y1  - 2016/05/11
    PY  - 2016
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajim.20160402.12
    T2  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
    JF  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
    JO  - American Journal of Internal Medicine
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    AB  - Aplastic anemia (AA) is a hypoproliferative anemia that led to a significant morbidity and mortality. Recently, dramatic improvement in prognosis of AA was achieved; this was in part due to advances in immunosuppressive therapy and HSCT. Nevertheless, AA is still one of the most challenging hematological disorders that could face a hematologist. This study was conducted at Assiut University Hospital (AUH), Assiut, Egypt to evaluate current situation and future prospective of AA. 63 patients with AA were prospectively enrolled in the study; they were admitted at the Hematology unit, AUH in the period 1stJan2011 to Feb2012, a 38 patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were included for comparison. Patients' demographic and clinical data were collected through medical history and clinical examination. Both direct and indirect health care costs of anemia were assessed Direct parameters included doctors' and hospital fees, costs of laboratory investigations, medication fees and costs of HSCT or any procedure. Indirect costs included travelling expenses and earning losses. Social burden of anemia was estimated by anemia related morbidity and mortality. Data were analyzed with SPSSV.17, results showed that AA affected young age group with mean age 30.89±13.39 years, without sex predilection, acquired AA was more common than idiopathic (55.6% vs. 44.4%), however mortality was higher in idiopathic AA (46.2%). Causes of aplasia were exposure to chemicals, drugs and hepatitis in order. Only 63.5% of AA were admitted once and 47.6% in general ward, the mean hospital days for patients with AA was 17.73±11.10, compared to 8.32±6.69 in IDA, P=0.000, also higher socio-economic burden of AA was found compared with IDA. These results denoted that management of AA is still ineffective, and that there is a definite need for a strict plan to prevent incidence of AA, particularly in developing countries where effective management of AA is too expensive and relatively unavailable.
    VL  - 4
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Author Information
  • Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology & BMT Unit, Assiut University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

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