Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Seven Maize Varieties Grown in Ethiopia

Kidist Hailu Demeke

doi:doi:10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11

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Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Seven Maize Varieties Grown in Ethiopia

Kidist Hailu Demeke

Published in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Volume 3, Issue 2)

Received: 17 July 2018 Accepted: 9 August 2018 Published: 11 September 2018

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Abstract

Maize is a predominant staple crop in sub-saharan Africa. Ethiopia is among the major maize producers in Africa and ranked third next to South Africa and Nigeria. The per capita consumption of maize in Ethiopia is about 60 kg per annum. Maize is an important crop to many African countries contributing to a significant daily energy intake. In addition to serving as a critical source of macro- and micronutrients, maize is also a rich source of many phytochemicals including carotenoid. However, there is limited information about the nutritional content of the different maize varieties growing in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to compare nutritional composition among six yellow maize varieties and one selected white maize variety cultivated in Ethiopia. Maize varieties were collected from Ethiopian Agricultural Research Institute, Melkasa and Bako center. Proximate and mineral composition analysis was carried out using AOAC method. Total carotenoid level was investigated by UV Spectrophotometer. Proximate composition of maize varieties revealed in the range of moisture content (9.42 - 11.45%), total ash (1.37 - 1.74%), crude fat (5.13 - 7.22%), crude protein (9.69 - 15.30%), crude fiber (1.62 - 3.45%), carbohydrate (62.13 - 69.99%) and Energy (365.93 to 385.82 kal/100g). The mineral content ranged for Fe, Zn and Ca was 2.34 - 3.73 mg/100g, 2.31 - 2.93 mg/100g and 31.25 - 48.1mg/100g respectively. The minimum total carotenoid in the yellow maize varieties was 11.43 (Melkassa 7) and the maximum was 27.62 μg/g (Melkassa 1q). No carotenoid was detected in the white maize variety (BH 660). There was significant difference (P<0.05) among maize varieties in total carotenoid. Yellow maize varieties contain high amount of carotenoid than white maize varieties. Promotion of yellow maize varieties is vital to enhance antioxidant intake that reduce risk of diseases such as cardiovascular and cancer without altering intake of other nutrients.

Published in	Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Volume 3, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11
Page(s)	45-48
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Maize Varieties, Carotenoid, Proximate Composition and Minerals

References

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[18]	Ndukwe O. K., Edeoga H. O., Omosun G. (2015). Varietal differences in some nutritional composition of ten maize (Zea mays L.) varieties grown in Nigeria. International journal of academic research and reflection, 5; 1-11.
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Kidist Hailu Demeke. (2018). Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Seven Maize Varieties Grown in Ethiopia. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3(2), 45-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11

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Kidist Hailu Demeke. Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Seven Maize Varieties Grown in Ethiopia. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2018, 3(2), 45-48. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11

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Kidist Hailu Demeke. Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Seven Maize Varieties Grown in Ethiopia. Biochem Mol Biol. 2018;3(2):45-48. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11

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@article{10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11,
  author = {Kidist Hailu Demeke},
  title = {Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Seven Maize Varieties Grown in Ethiopia},
  journal = {Biochemistry and Molecular Biology},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {45-48},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bmb.20180302.11},
  abstract = {Maize is a predominant staple crop in sub-saharan Africa. Ethiopia is among the major maize producers in Africa and ranked third next to South Africa and Nigeria. The per capita consumption of maize in Ethiopia is about 60 kg per annum. Maize is an important crop to many African countries contributing to a significant daily energy intake. In addition to serving as a critical source of macro- and micronutrients, maize is also a rich source of many phytochemicals including carotenoid. However, there is limited information about the nutritional content of the different maize varieties growing in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to compare nutritional composition among six yellow maize varieties and one selected white maize variety cultivated in Ethiopia. Maize varieties were collected from Ethiopian Agricultural Research Institute, Melkasa and Bako center. Proximate and mineral composition analysis was carried out using AOAC method. Total carotenoid level was investigated by UV Spectrophotometer. Proximate composition of maize varieties revealed in the range of moisture content (9.42 - 11.45%), total ash (1.37 - 1.74%), crude fat (5.13 - 7.22%), crude protein (9.69 - 15.30%), crude fiber (1.62 - 3.45%), carbohydrate (62.13 - 69.99%) and Energy (365.93 to 385.82 kal/100g). The mineral content ranged for Fe, Zn and Ca was 2.34 - 3.73 mg/100g, 2.31 - 2.93 mg/100g and 31.25 - 48.1mg/100g respectively. The minimum total carotenoid in the yellow maize varieties was 11.43 (Melkassa 7) and the maximum was 27.62 μg/g (Melkassa 1q). No carotenoid was detected in the white maize variety (BH 660). There was significant difference (P<0.05) among maize varieties in total carotenoid. Yellow maize varieties contain high amount of carotenoid than white maize varieties. Promotion of yellow maize varieties is vital to enhance antioxidant intake that reduce risk of diseases such as cardiovascular and cancer without altering intake of other nutrients.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Seven Maize Varieties Grown in Ethiopia
AU - Kidist Hailu Demeke
Y1 - 2018/09/11
PY - 2018
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11
DO - 10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11
T2 - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
JF - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
JO - Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
SP - 45
EP - 48
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2575-5048
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11
AB - Maize is a predominant staple crop in sub-saharan Africa. Ethiopia is among the major maize producers in Africa and ranked third next to South Africa and Nigeria. The per capita consumption of maize in Ethiopia is about 60 kg per annum. Maize is an important crop to many African countries contributing to a significant daily energy intake. In addition to serving as a critical source of macro- and micronutrients, maize is also a rich source of many phytochemicals including carotenoid. However, there is limited information about the nutritional content of the different maize varieties growing in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to compare nutritional composition among six yellow maize varieties and one selected white maize variety cultivated in Ethiopia. Maize varieties were collected from Ethiopian Agricultural Research Institute, Melkasa and Bako center. Proximate and mineral composition analysis was carried out using AOAC method. Total carotenoid level was investigated by UV Spectrophotometer. Proximate composition of maize varieties revealed in the range of moisture content (9.42 - 11.45%), total ash (1.37 - 1.74%), crude fat (5.13 - 7.22%), crude protein (9.69 - 15.30%), crude fiber (1.62 - 3.45%), carbohydrate (62.13 - 69.99%) and Energy (365.93 to 385.82 kal/100g). The mineral content ranged for Fe, Zn and Ca was 2.34 - 3.73 mg/100g, 2.31 - 2.93 mg/100g and 31.25 - 48.1mg/100g respectively. The minimum total carotenoid in the yellow maize varieties was 11.43 (Melkassa 7) and the maximum was 27.62 μg/g (Melkassa 1q). No carotenoid was detected in the white maize variety (BH 660). There was significant difference (P<0.05) among maize varieties in total carotenoid. Yellow maize varieties contain high amount of carotenoid than white maize varieties. Promotion of yellow maize varieties is vital to enhance antioxidant intake that reduce risk of diseases such as cardiovascular and cancer without altering intake of other nutrients.
VL - 3
IS - 2
ER -

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Kidist Hailu Demeke

Department of Food Science and Nutrition Program, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Head Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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Kidist Hailu Demeke. (2018). Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Seven Maize Varieties Grown in Ethiopia. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3(2), 45-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11

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ACS Style

Kidist Hailu Demeke. Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Seven Maize Varieties Grown in Ethiopia. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2018, 3(2), 45-48. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11

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AMA Style

Kidist Hailu Demeke. Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Seven Maize Varieties Grown in Ethiopia. Biochem Mol Biol. 2018;3(2):45-48. doi: 10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11

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@article{10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11,
  author = {Kidist Hailu Demeke},
  title = {Nutritional Quality Evaluation of Seven Maize Varieties Grown in Ethiopia},
  journal = {Biochemistry and Molecular Biology},
  volume = {3},
  number = {2},
  pages = {45-48},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bmb.20180302.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bmb.20180302.11},
  abstract = {Maize is a predominant staple crop in sub-saharan Africa. Ethiopia is among the major maize producers in Africa and ranked third next to South Africa and Nigeria. The per capita consumption of maize in Ethiopia is about 60 kg per annum. Maize is an important crop to many African countries contributing to a significant daily energy intake. In addition to serving as a critical source of macro- and micronutrients, maize is also a rich source of many phytochemicals including carotenoid. However, there is limited information about the nutritional content of the different maize varieties growing in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to compare nutritional composition among six yellow maize varieties and one selected white maize variety cultivated in Ethiopia. Maize varieties were collected from Ethiopian Agricultural Research Institute, Melkasa and Bako center. Proximate and mineral composition analysis was carried out using AOAC method. Total carotenoid level was investigated by UV Spectrophotometer. Proximate composition of maize varieties revealed in the range of moisture content (9.42 - 11.45%), total ash (1.37 - 1.74%), crude fat (5.13 - 7.22%), crude protein (9.69 - 15.30%), crude fiber (1.62 - 3.45%), carbohydrate (62.13 - 69.99%) and Energy (365.93 to 385.82 kal/100g). The mineral content ranged for Fe, Zn and Ca was 2.34 - 3.73 mg/100g, 2.31 - 2.93 mg/100g and 31.25 - 48.1mg/100g respectively. The minimum total carotenoid in the yellow maize varieties was 11.43 (Melkassa 7) and the maximum was 27.62 μg/g (Melkassa 1q). No carotenoid was detected in the white maize variety (BH 660). There was significant difference (P<0.05) among maize varieties in total carotenoid. Yellow maize varieties contain high amount of carotenoid than white maize varieties. Promotion of yellow maize varieties is vital to enhance antioxidant intake that reduce risk of diseases such as cardiovascular and cancer without altering intake of other nutrients.},
 year = {2018}
}

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