American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications

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3D-FDTD Head Model Exposure to Electromagnetic Cellular Phones Radiation

Received: Sep. 20, 2018    Accepted: Nov. 01, 2018    Published: Nov. 28, 2018
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Abstract

According to the increasing of mobile phone radiation exposure. Many research has been evaluated the specific absorption rate which is the power dissipation rate normalized by material density in human life tissue exposure to the radiation. Therefore, in this work, the electric field, magnetic field and specific absorption rate generated inside a three human life tissue of head model are studied. The electromagnetic radiation can be measured in terms of specific absorption rate. The human head exposed to global system for mobile communication frequency bands of 900MHz. The radiation absorption analyzed through simulations by using three dimension finite difference time Domain method and computer software program. The penetration of the fields and power density were computed inside the model of human head. Results show that electromagnetic fields penetrate the life tissues and attenuate fast to reach zero at the brain layer, the peak is smaller than because the electric field strike the bone tissue. The absorbent power and specific absorption rate show maximum at the skin layer. Preliminary results show good agreement with previous published using numerical and software technique. Also the results suggest that three layer human model and simulation can help to understand the specific distribution of mobile phone electromagnetic fields inside the human head.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajea.20180602.11
Published in American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications ( Volume 6, Issue 2, December 2018 )
Page(s) 42-48
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD), Cellular Phone Radiation, Human Head, Specific Absorption Rate

References
[1] P. Bernardi, M. Cavagnaro, S. Pisa, E. Piuzzi, Specific absorption rate and temperature increases in the head of a cellular phone user, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 48, pp. 1118–1126, 2000.
[2] K. S. Yee, “Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving Maxwell’s equations of isotropic media,” IEEE Trans. Antenna Propagation., vol. APT- 14, pp. 302-307, 1966.
[3] D. G. Choi, C. S. Shin, N. K. Kim and H. S. Shin, “Design and SAR analysis of Broadband PIFA with Triple Band,” Progress in Electromagnetics Research symposium, Hangzhur, China, pp. 22 – 26, 2005.
[4] Md. Faruk Ali and Sudhabindu Ray, “SAR Analysis on Human HeadExposed to Radiating Dipole Antenna for 500 MHz – 5 GHz Frequency Band Using FDTD Method,” National Conference on Communications, IIT Bombay, India, pp. 481-485, 2008.
[5] Md. Faruk Ali and Sudhabindu Ray, “SAR Analysis in a Spherical Inhomogeneous Human Head Model Exposed to Radiating Dipole Antenna for 500 MHz – 3 GHz Using FDTD method,” InternationalJournal of Microwave and Optical Technology, vol. 4. No. 1, pp. 35-402009.
[6] N. Homsup and W. Homsup, “FDTD Simulation of a Mobile Phone Operating Near a Metal Wall,” Journal of Computers, vol. 4, No. 2, 2009.
[7] M. Okoniewski, E. Okoniewski and M. A. Stuchly, “A Study of the Handset Antenna and Human Body Interaction,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. MTT – 44. No. 10, pp. 1855-1864, 1996.
[8] O. P. Gandhi, Gianluca Lazzi and Cynthia M. Furse, “Electromagnetic Absorption in the Human Head and Neck for Mobile Telephones at 835 and 1900 MHz,” IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. MTT – 44. No. 10, pp. 1884-1897, 1996.
[9] A. Hirata, M. Morita and T. Shiozawa, “Temperature increase in the human head due to a dipole antenna at microwave frequencies”, IEEE Trans. Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 45, pp. 109-116, 2003.
[10] Gilles Scarella,"Realistic numerical modelling of human head tissue exposure to electromagnetic waves from cellular phones". C. R. Physique 7, PP. 501–508, 2006.
[11] M Mart´ınez-Burdalo, A Mart ´ ´ın, M Anguiano and R Villar,"Comparison of FDTD-calculated specific absorption rate in adults and children when using a mobile phone at 900 and 1800 MHz". Phys. Med. Biol. Vol. 49, pp. 345–354, 2004.
[12] IEEE C95. 1-1991, IEEE standards for safety levels respects to human exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields, 3 KHz to 300 GHz, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. New York, 1992.
[13] International Non-Ionizing Radiation Committee of International Radiation Protection Association, Health Physics 54, 115, 1998.
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  • APA Style

    Khitam Yousif Elwasife, Sami Ahmad Abuishaiba, Mohammed Mousa Shabat. (2018). 3D-FDTD Head Model Exposure to Electromagnetic Cellular Phones Radiation. American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications, 6(2), 42-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20180602.11

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    ACS Style

    Khitam Yousif Elwasife; Sami Ahmad Abuishaiba; Mohammed Mousa Shabat. 3D-FDTD Head Model Exposure to Electromagnetic Cellular Phones Radiation. Am. J. Electromagn. Appl. 2018, 6(2), 42-48. doi: 10.11648/j.ajea.20180602.11

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    AMA Style

    Khitam Yousif Elwasife, Sami Ahmad Abuishaiba, Mohammed Mousa Shabat. 3D-FDTD Head Model Exposure to Electromagnetic Cellular Phones Radiation. Am J Electromagn Appl. 2018;6(2):42-48. doi: 10.11648/j.ajea.20180602.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajea.20180602.11,
      author = {Khitam Yousif Elwasife and Sami Ahmad Abuishaiba and Mohammed Mousa Shabat},
      title = {3D-FDTD Head Model Exposure to Electromagnetic Cellular Phones Radiation},
      journal = {American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications},
      volume = {6},
      number = {2},
      pages = {42-48},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajea.20180602.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20180602.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajea.20180602.11},
      abstract = {According to the increasing of mobile phone radiation exposure. Many research has been evaluated the specific absorption rate which is the power dissipation rate normalized by material density in human life tissue exposure to the radiation. Therefore, in this work, the electric field, magnetic field and specific absorption rate generated inside a three human life tissue of head model are studied. The electromagnetic radiation can be measured in terms of specific absorption rate. The human head exposed to global system for mobile communication frequency bands of 900MHz. The radiation absorption analyzed through simulations by using three dimension finite difference time Domain method and computer software program. The penetration of the fields and power density were computed inside the model of human head. Results show that electromagnetic fields penetrate the life tissues and attenuate fast to reach zero at the brain layer, the peak is smaller than because the electric field strike the bone tissue. The absorbent power and specific absorption rate show maximum at the skin layer. Preliminary results show good agreement with previous published using numerical and software technique. Also the results suggest that three layer human model and simulation can help to understand the specific distribution of mobile phone electromagnetic fields inside the human head.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - 3D-FDTD Head Model Exposure to Electromagnetic Cellular Phones Radiation
    AU  - Khitam Yousif Elwasife
    AU  - Sami Ahmad Abuishaiba
    AU  - Mohammed Mousa Shabat
    Y1  - 2018/11/28
    PY  - 2018
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20180602.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajea.20180602.11
    T2  - American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications
    JF  - American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications
    JO  - American Journal of Electromagnetics and Applications
    SP  - 42
    EP  - 48
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-5984
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajea.20180602.11
    AB  - According to the increasing of mobile phone radiation exposure. Many research has been evaluated the specific absorption rate which is the power dissipation rate normalized by material density in human life tissue exposure to the radiation. Therefore, in this work, the electric field, magnetic field and specific absorption rate generated inside a three human life tissue of head model are studied. The electromagnetic radiation can be measured in terms of specific absorption rate. The human head exposed to global system for mobile communication frequency bands of 900MHz. The radiation absorption analyzed through simulations by using three dimension finite difference time Domain method and computer software program. The penetration of the fields and power density were computed inside the model of human head. Results show that electromagnetic fields penetrate the life tissues and attenuate fast to reach zero at the brain layer, the peak is smaller than because the electric field strike the bone tissue. The absorbent power and specific absorption rate show maximum at the skin layer. Preliminary results show good agreement with previous published using numerical and software technique. Also the results suggest that three layer human model and simulation can help to understand the specific distribution of mobile phone electromagnetic fields inside the human head.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestinian Authority

  • Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestinian Authority

  • Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Gaza, Gaza, Palestinian Authority

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