The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China

Wuren Ma; Yunpeng Fan; Feng Jie; Lingyu Zhang; Yuan Zhong; Weimin Zhang; Xiaoping Song

doi:doi:10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12

| Peer-Reviewed

The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China

Wuren Ma, Yunpeng Fan, Feng Jie, Lingyu Zhang, Yuan Zhong, Weimin Zhang, Xiaoping Song

Published in Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 3)

Received: 8 July 2018 Accepted: 23 July 2018 Published: 21 August 2018

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

The canine babesiosis is one of the major diseases that significantly harm to the dogs. In order to analyze the characteristics of babesiosis in dogs, and to explore the characteristics of blood changes in canine babesiosis in Xi’an city, 194 cases of canine babesiosis were diagnosed in the animal teaching hospital of the Northwest A&F University during January 2013 to December 2015. The results showed that autumn was the main season for canine babesiosis in Xi’an city, male dogs under 3 years old were the main pathogenic group, and Teddy dog is the most susceptible breed. In addition, the number of red blood cell, platelet, hematokrit, hemoglobin, eosinophil granulocyte and the concentration of calcium were decreased; the mean corpuscular volume, the number of white blood cell, the concentration of alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, urea nitrogen, phosphorus, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase was elevated. Moreover, the liver and kidney function was also destroyed in a certain degree. It indicated that the dogs suffered from severe anemia (regenerative anemia), accompanied by inflammatory reaction, which can cause the blood coagulation dysfunction, some drugs with protecting liver and kidney should be used in the process of treatment so as to improve the cure rate of this disease. These findings provided important reference information for the prevention and treatment of babesiosis.

Published in	Animal and Veterinary Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12
Page(s)	43-50
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Canine Babesiosis, Blood Routine Test, Biochemical Criterion, Case Analysis

References

[1]	Abdullahi S U, Mohammed A A, Trimnell A R, et al., 1990. Clinical and haematological findings in 70 naturally occurring cases of canine babesiosis. Journal of Small Animal Practice. 31, 145–147.
[2]	Kuleš J, Torre-Minguela C, Barić R R, et al., 2016. Plasma biomarkers of SIRS and MODS associated with canine babesiosis. Research in Veterinary Science. 105, 222–228.
[3]	Josipa K, Jelena G, Vladimir M, et al., 2017. Alteration of haemostatic parameters in uncomplicated canine babesiosis. Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Disease. 53, 1–6.
[4]	Gad Baneth, 2018. Antiprotozoal treatment of canine babesiosis. Veterinary Parasitology. 254, 58–63.
[5]	Shekerah P, Lavoisier A, Samantha S, et al., 2018. Screening of patient blood samples for babesiosis using enzymatic assays. Ticks and Tick-borne Disease. 9, 302–306.
[6]	Birkenheuer A J, Levy M G, Stebbins M, 2003. Atovaquone and azithromycin combination therapy for the treatment of Babesia gibsoni infections in dogs. Journal Veterinary Internal Medicine. 17, 381–382.
[7]	Kong F Y, 1997. Animal parasitology [M]. Beijing: China agricultural university press. 315–316.
[8]	Hou J F, 2002. Small animal diseases. [M]. Beijing: China agricultural university press. 182–184.
[9]	Greene C E, 2012. Infectious diseases of the dog and cat. Saunders; Elsevier Inc. 773–775.
[10]	Welzl C, Leisewitz A L, Jacobson L S, et al., 2001. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome and multiple-organ damage/dysfunction in complicated canine babesiosis. Journal of the South African Veterinary Association-tydsrif Vandie Suid-a 72, 158–162.
[11]	Matijatko V, Torti M, Schetters T P, 2012. Canine babesiosis in Europe: how many diseases? Trends in Parasitology. 28, 99–105.
[12]	Wojciech Z, Olga G Z, Piotr B, et al., 2015. Low T3 syndrome in canine babesiosis associated with increased serum IL-6 concentration and azotaemia. Veterinary Parasitology. 211, 23–27.
[13]	Michael L, Georges K, Alexander T, et al., 2008. Seasonal occurrence of canine babesiosis is influenced by local climate conditions. International Journal of Medicine and Microbiology. 298, 243–248.
[14]	Birkenheuer A J, Levy M G, Stebbins M, et al., 2003. Serosurvey of anti Babesia antibodies in stray dogs and American pit bull terriers and American Staffordshire terriers from North Carolina. Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association. 39, 551–557.
[15]	Vesna M, Ivana K, Marin T, et al., 2009. Septic shock in canine babesiosis. Veterinary Parasitology. 162, 263–270.
[16]	Defauw P, Schoeman J P, Smets P, et al., 2012. Assessment of renal dysfunction using urinary markers in canine babesiosis caused by Babesia rossi. Veterinary Parasitology. 190, 326–332.
[17]	Birkenheuer A J, Neel J, Ruslander D, et al., 2004. Detection and molecular characterization of a novel large Babesia species in a dog. Veterinary Parasitology. 124, 151–160.
[18]	Amelia G, Bo W, Johan P, 2013. Schoeman, Annemarie T. Kristensen, Mads Kjelgaard-Hansen. Mortality in virulent canine babesiosis is associated with a consumptive coagulopathy. Veterinary Journal. 196, 213–217.
[19]	Bohm M, 2006. The comparative assessment of Babesia rossi capillary and venous blood parasitaemias on thin blood smears and their association with disease manifestations. Thesis, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
[20]	Boozer A L and Macintire D K, 2003. Canine babesiosis. Veterinary Clinics of North American Small Animal Practice. 33, 885–904.
[21]	Bosman A M, Venter E H, Penzhorn B L, 2006. Occurrence of Babesia felis and Babesia leo in various wild felid species and domestic cats in Southern Africa, based on reverse line blot analsis. Veterinary Parasitology. 144, 33–38.
[22]	Bourdoiseau G, 2006. Canine babesiosis in France. Veterinary Parasitology, 138, 118–125.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Wuren Ma, Yunpeng Fan, Feng Jie, Lingyu Zhang, Yuan Zhong, et al. (2018). The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 6(3), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Wuren Ma; Yunpeng Fan; Feng Jie; Lingyu Zhang; Yuan Zhong, et al. The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2018, 6(3), 43-50. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Wuren Ma, Yunpeng Fan, Feng Jie, Lingyu Zhang, Yuan Zhong, et al. The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China. Anim Vet Sci. 2018;6(3):43-50. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12,
  author = {Wuren Ma and Yunpeng Fan and Feng Jie and Lingyu Zhang and Yuan Zhong and Weimin Zhang and Xiaoping Song},
  title = {The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {43-50},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20180603.12},
  abstract = {The canine babesiosis is one of the major diseases that significantly harm to the dogs. In order to analyze the characteristics of babesiosis in dogs, and to explore the characteristics of blood changes in canine babesiosis in Xi’an city, 194 cases of canine babesiosis were diagnosed in the animal teaching hospital of the Northwest A&F University during January 2013 to December 2015. The results showed that autumn was the main season for canine babesiosis in Xi’an city, male dogs under 3 years old were the main pathogenic group, and Teddy dog is the most susceptible breed. In addition, the number of red blood cell, platelet, hematokrit, hemoglobin, eosinophil granulocyte and the concentration of calcium were decreased; the mean corpuscular volume, the number of white blood cell, the concentration of alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, urea nitrogen, phosphorus, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase was elevated. Moreover, the liver and kidney function was also destroyed in a certain degree. It indicated that the dogs suffered from severe anemia (regenerative anemia), accompanied by inflammatory reaction, which can cause the blood coagulation dysfunction, some drugs with protecting liver and kidney should be used in the process of treatment so as to improve the cure rate of this disease. These findings provided important reference information for the prevention and treatment of babesiosis.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China
AU  - Wuren Ma
AU  - Yunpeng Fan
AU  - Feng Jie
AU  - Lingyu Zhang
AU  - Yuan Zhong
AU  - Weimin Zhang
AU  - Xiaoping Song
Y1  - 2018/08/21
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 43
EP  - 50
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12
AB  - The canine babesiosis is one of the major diseases that significantly harm to the dogs. In order to analyze the characteristics of babesiosis in dogs, and to explore the characteristics of blood changes in canine babesiosis in Xi’an city, 194 cases of canine babesiosis were diagnosed in the animal teaching hospital of the Northwest A&F University during January 2013 to December 2015. The results showed that autumn was the main season for canine babesiosis in Xi’an city, male dogs under 3 years old were the main pathogenic group, and Teddy dog is the most susceptible breed. In addition, the number of red blood cell, platelet, hematokrit, hemoglobin, eosinophil granulocyte and the concentration of calcium were decreased; the mean corpuscular volume, the number of white blood cell, the concentration of alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, urea nitrogen, phosphorus, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase was elevated. Moreover, the liver and kidney function was also destroyed in a certain degree. It indicated that the dogs suffered from severe anemia (regenerative anemia), accompanied by inflammatory reaction, which can cause the blood coagulation dysfunction, some drugs with protecting liver and kidney should be used in the process of treatment so as to improve the cure rate of this disease. These findings provided important reference information for the prevention and treatment of babesiosis.
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Wuren Ma

College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China
Yunpeng Fan

College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China
Feng Jie

College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China
Lingyu Zhang

College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China
Yuan Zhong

College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China
Weimin Zhang

College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China
Xiaoping Song

College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P. R. China

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Wuren Ma, Yunpeng Fan, Feng Jie, Lingyu Zhang, Yuan Zhong, et al. (2018). The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China. Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 6(3), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Wuren Ma; Yunpeng Fan; Feng Jie; Lingyu Zhang; Yuan Zhong, et al. The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2018, 6(3), 43-50. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Wuren Ma, Yunpeng Fan, Feng Jie, Lingyu Zhang, Yuan Zhong, et al. The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China. Anim Vet Sci. 2018;6(3):43-50. doi: 10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12,
  author = {Wuren Ma and Yunpeng Fan and Feng Jie and Lingyu Zhang and Yuan Zhong and Weimin Zhang and Xiaoping Song},
  title = {The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China},
  journal = {Animal and Veterinary Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {43-50},
  doi = {10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.avs.20180603.12},
  abstract = {The canine babesiosis is one of the major diseases that significantly harm to the dogs. In order to analyze the characteristics of babesiosis in dogs, and to explore the characteristics of blood changes in canine babesiosis in Xi’an city, 194 cases of canine babesiosis were diagnosed in the animal teaching hospital of the Northwest A&F University during January 2013 to December 2015. The results showed that autumn was the main season for canine babesiosis in Xi’an city, male dogs under 3 years old were the main pathogenic group, and Teddy dog is the most susceptible breed. In addition, the number of red blood cell, platelet, hematokrit, hemoglobin, eosinophil granulocyte and the concentration of calcium were decreased; the mean corpuscular volume, the number of white blood cell, the concentration of alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, urea nitrogen, phosphorus, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase was elevated. Moreover, the liver and kidney function was also destroyed in a certain degree. It indicated that the dogs suffered from severe anemia (regenerative anemia), accompanied by inflammatory reaction, which can cause the blood coagulation dysfunction, some drugs with protecting liver and kidney should be used in the process of treatment so as to improve the cure rate of this disease. These findings provided important reference information for the prevention and treatment of babesiosis.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Epidemiological Survey and Analysis of Canine Babesiosis in Xi’an City, China
AU  - Wuren Ma
AU  - Yunpeng Fan
AU  - Feng Jie
AU  - Lingyu Zhang
AU  - Yuan Zhong
AU  - Weimin Zhang
AU  - Xiaoping Song
Y1  - 2018/08/21
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12
T2  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JF  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
JO  - Animal and Veterinary Sciences
SP  - 43
EP  - 50
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5850
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.avs.20180603.12
AB  - The canine babesiosis is one of the major diseases that significantly harm to the dogs. In order to analyze the characteristics of babesiosis in dogs, and to explore the characteristics of blood changes in canine babesiosis in Xi’an city, 194 cases of canine babesiosis were diagnosed in the animal teaching hospital of the Northwest A&F University during January 2013 to December 2015. The results showed that autumn was the main season for canine babesiosis in Xi’an city, male dogs under 3 years old were the main pathogenic group, and Teddy dog is the most susceptible breed. In addition, the number of red blood cell, platelet, hematokrit, hemoglobin, eosinophil granulocyte and the concentration of calcium were decreased; the mean corpuscular volume, the number of white blood cell, the concentration of alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, urea nitrogen, phosphorus, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase was elevated. Moreover, the liver and kidney function was also destroyed in a certain degree. It indicated that the dogs suffered from severe anemia (regenerative anemia), accompanied by inflammatory reaction, which can cause the blood coagulation dysfunction, some drugs with protecting liver and kidney should be used in the process of treatment so as to improve the cure rate of this disease. These findings provided important reference information for the prevention and treatment of babesiosis.
VL  - 6
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download