World Journal of Applied Physics

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Angular Distribution and Polarization of Superradiant Emission from Atomic Ensembles

Received: Mar. 01, 2020    Accepted: Mar. 13, 2020    Published: Apr. 01, 2020
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Abstract

A density-matrix approach is developed to provide a theoretical description of the intensity, angular distribution, and polarization of superradiative emission from an ensemble of many-electron atomic systems. The many-electron atomic systems are described as cooperatively interacting by means of forces that can be long range. Particular emphasis is given to the coherent excitation of the collective atomic-ensemble states, which may be produced by incident laser radiation. The initial excitation and spontaneous emission processes may be described as independent. Both frequency-domain and time-domain formulations of the density-matrix approach are developed. The collective atomic-ensemble states are specified in a detailed hyperfine representation, corresponding to successively coupling the individual hyperfine angular momenta F pertaining to the many-electron atoms. A less detailed fine-structure angular-momentum representation may also be used. In the density-operator approach, account can be taken of the coherent excitation of a particular subspace of the initial atomic-ensemble states. For a comprehensive and unified development of time-domain (equation-of-motion) and frequency-domain (resolvent-operator) formulations, a reduced-density-matrix (quantum-open-systems) approach is introduced. The non-equilibrium atomic-ensemble-state kinetics and the homogeneous spectral-line shapes can thereby be systematically and self-consistently determined. The collective atomic-ensemble states may be obtained using a variety of different methods. These states can be determined using a dressed-state approach, in which the required states are calculated in the presence of an electromagnetic field.

DOI 10.11648/j.wjap.20200501.11
Published in World Journal of Applied Physics ( Volume 5, Issue 1, March 2020 )
Page(s) 1-14
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Superradiance, Atomic Ensembles, Density Matrix, Coherence

References
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    Verne Louis Jacobs. (2020). Angular Distribution and Polarization of Superradiant Emission from Atomic Ensembles. World Journal of Applied Physics, 5(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20200501.11

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    ACS Style

    Verne Louis Jacobs. Angular Distribution and Polarization of Superradiant Emission from Atomic Ensembles. World J. Appl. Phys. 2020, 5(1), 1-14. doi: 10.11648/j.wjap.20200501.11

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    AMA Style

    Verne Louis Jacobs. Angular Distribution and Polarization of Superradiant Emission from Atomic Ensembles. World J Appl Phys. 2020;5(1):1-14. doi: 10.11648/j.wjap.20200501.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.wjap.20200501.11,
      author = {Verne Louis Jacobs},
      title = {Angular Distribution and Polarization of Superradiant Emission from Atomic Ensembles},
      journal = {World Journal of Applied Physics},
      volume = {5},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-14},
      doi = {10.11648/j.wjap.20200501.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20200501.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjap.20200501.11},
      abstract = {A density-matrix approach is developed to provide a theoretical description of the intensity, angular distribution, and polarization of superradiative emission from an ensemble of many-electron atomic systems. The many-electron atomic systems are described as cooperatively interacting by means of forces that can be long range. Particular emphasis is given to the coherent excitation of the collective atomic-ensemble states, which may be produced by incident laser radiation. The initial excitation and spontaneous emission processes may be described as independent. Both frequency-domain and time-domain formulations of the density-matrix approach are developed. The collective atomic-ensemble states are specified in a detailed hyperfine representation, corresponding to successively coupling the individual hyperfine angular momenta F pertaining to the many-electron atoms. A less detailed fine-structure angular-momentum representation may also be used. In the density-operator approach, account can be taken of the coherent excitation of a particular subspace of the initial atomic-ensemble states. For a comprehensive and unified development of time-domain (equation-of-motion) and frequency-domain (resolvent-operator) formulations, a reduced-density-matrix (quantum-open-systems) approach is introduced. The non-equilibrium atomic-ensemble-state kinetics and the homogeneous spectral-line shapes can thereby be systematically and self-consistently determined. The collective atomic-ensemble states may be obtained using a variety of different methods. These states can be determined using a dressed-state approach, in which the required states are calculated in the presence of an electromagnetic field.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Angular Distribution and Polarization of Superradiant Emission from Atomic Ensembles
    AU  - Verne Louis Jacobs
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    T2  - World Journal of Applied Physics
    JF  - World Journal of Applied Physics
    JO  - World Journal of Applied Physics
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjap.20200501.11
    AB  - A density-matrix approach is developed to provide a theoretical description of the intensity, angular distribution, and polarization of superradiative emission from an ensemble of many-electron atomic systems. The many-electron atomic systems are described as cooperatively interacting by means of forces that can be long range. Particular emphasis is given to the coherent excitation of the collective atomic-ensemble states, which may be produced by incident laser radiation. The initial excitation and spontaneous emission processes may be described as independent. Both frequency-domain and time-domain formulations of the density-matrix approach are developed. The collective atomic-ensemble states are specified in a detailed hyperfine representation, corresponding to successively coupling the individual hyperfine angular momenta F pertaining to the many-electron atoms. A less detailed fine-structure angular-momentum representation may also be used. In the density-operator approach, account can be taken of the coherent excitation of a particular subspace of the initial atomic-ensemble states. For a comprehensive and unified development of time-domain (equation-of-motion) and frequency-domain (resolvent-operator) formulations, a reduced-density-matrix (quantum-open-systems) approach is introduced. The non-equilibrium atomic-ensemble-state kinetics and the homogeneous spectral-line shapes can thereby be systematically and self-consistently determined. The collective atomic-ensemble states may be obtained using a variety of different methods. These states can be determined using a dressed-state approach, in which the required states are calculated in the presence of an electromagnetic field.
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Author Information
  • Center for Computational Materials Science, Code 6390, Materials Science and Technology Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D. C., U.S.A

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