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Determination of Safety Zones of Gas (NG and NGL) Pipelines

Received: 16 August 2015    Accepted: 18 August 2015    Published: 16 October 2015
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Abstract

Quantitative analyses are necessary to find a safe passage of natural gas (NG) and natural gas liquids (NGL) pipelines. The paper is presenting the details of analyses and determination of safe zones around the gas pipelines. The methodology is a planning tool for determining the safe passages for gas pipelines. The methodologies are presented with examples. The necessary tools are also presented for these analyses.

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 6-1)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) and Risk Assessment of Crude Oil and Gas Pipelines

DOI 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030601.12
Page(s) 9-17
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Safety Zones of Gas Pipelines, Safety Zones of Gas Pipelines, Safety Zones of NGL Pipelines

References
[1] Huseyin Murat Cekirge. Qualitative Risk of Gas Pipelines. American Journal of Energy Engineering. Vol. 3, No.3, 2015, pp. 53-56. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.20150303.14
[2] H. M. Cekirge, Safety Analysis, Maltepe Uni., Internal Rep. 1/1, Istanbul, 2010.
[3] Guidelines for Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis. AICHE. Second Edition.2000.
[4] FEMA, Emergency Response Guidebook, 2008.
[5] FEMA, DOT, and EPA, Handbook of Chemical Hazards Analysis Procedures, US Environmental Protection Agency, US Department of Transportation, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1989.
[6] United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Evaluation of Dense Gas Simulation Models, Draft, EPA 450/4-90, United States Environmental Protection Agency, September 1990.
[7] J. L. Kennedy, Oil and Gas Pipeline Fundamentals, Pinacle Books, Richford, VT, 1984.
[8] Rizkalla, M. (editor), Pipeline Geo-Environmental Design and Geohazard Management, ASME, 2008.
[9] W. K. Muhlbauer, Pipeline Risk Management Manual: Ideas, Techniques, and Resources, Gulf Publishing Services, Burlington, Mass., 2004
[10] GIUSP, The Gas Industry Unsafe Situations Procedures–Edition 6, Including 1 & 2, 2 April 2012.
[11] Young-Do Jo and Daniel A. Crowl, Individual risk analysis of high-pressure natural gas pipelines, Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Volume 21, Issue 6, Pages 589–595, November 2008.
[12] Guidelines for Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis. AICHE, Second Edition, 2000.
[13] Steve Lewis, An Overview of Leading Software Tools for QRA, American Society of Safety Engineers –Middle East Chapter (161), 7th Professional Development Conference & Exhibition, Kingdom of Bahrain, www.asse-mec.org, March 18-22, 2005.
[14] OGB, Risk Assessment Data Directory, International Association of Oil & Gas Producers, Report No. 434 – 7, March 2010.
[15] http://www.risk-support.co.uk/consequence_modelling.htm, 2015.
[16] R. Michael Reynolds, ALOHA (Areal Locations of Hazardous Atmospheres) 5.0 Theoretical Description, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS ORCA-65, Seattle, Washington 98115, August 1992.
[17] United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), ALOHA®ArealLocations of Hazardous Atmospheres), User's Manual, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency Management, Washington, D.C. and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Response, Seattle, Washington, February 2006
[18] United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Download of ALOHA, Version 5.4, http:www.epa.Rov/ceppo/cameo/request.htm. Accessed September 2006.
[19] J. R. Taylor, Review of Failure Rate Data for Risk Analysis, 1998.
[20] J. R. Taylor, Risk Analysis for Process Plant, Pipelines and Transport, E & FN Spon, New York, 1994 Guidelines for Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis. CCPS, AIChE, 1989.
[21] A. W. Cox, Frank P. Lees and M. L. Ang, Classification of Hazardous Locations, IchemE, 1990.
[22] Frank Lees, Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. Hazard Identification, Assessment and Control. 1996.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Huseyin Murat Cekirge. (2015). Determination of Safety Zones of Gas (NG and NGL) Pipelines. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 3(6-1), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030601.12

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    ACS Style

    Huseyin Murat Cekirge. Determination of Safety Zones of Gas (NG and NGL) Pipelines. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2015, 3(6-1), 9-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030601.12

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    AMA Style

    Huseyin Murat Cekirge. Determination of Safety Zones of Gas (NG and NGL) Pipelines. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2015;3(6-1):9-17. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030601.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030601.12,
      author = {Huseyin Murat Cekirge},
      title = {Determination of Safety Zones of Gas (NG and NGL) Pipelines},
      journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
      volume = {3},
      number = {6-1},
      pages = {9-17},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030601.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.s.2015030601.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.s.2015030601.12},
      abstract = {Quantitative analyses are necessary to find a safe passage of natural gas (NG) and natural gas liquids (NGL) pipelines. The paper is presenting the details of analyses and determination of safe zones around the gas pipelines. The methodology is a planning tool for determining the safe passages for gas pipelines. The methodologies are presented with examples. The necessary tools are also presented for these analyses.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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    T1  - Determination of Safety Zones of Gas (NG and NGL) Pipelines
    AU  - Huseyin Murat Cekirge
    Y1  - 2015/10/16
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    AB  - Quantitative analyses are necessary to find a safe passage of natural gas (NG) and natural gas liquids (NGL) pipelines. The paper is presenting the details of analyses and determination of safe zones around the gas pipelines. The methodology is a planning tool for determining the safe passages for gas pipelines. The methodologies are presented with examples. The necessary tools are also presented for these analyses.
    VL  - 3
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Author Information
  • Department of Mechanical Engineering, the Grove School of Engineering, the City College of the City University of New York, New York, USA

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