Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS

Mohammad Amin Qureshi; Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi; Zulfiqar Ali Laghari; Khalid Hussain Lashari; Fouzia Panhwar; Zameer Ali Palh

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13

Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS

Mohammad Amin Qureshi, Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi, Zulfiqar Ali Laghari, Khalid Hussain Lashari, Fouzia Panhwar, Zameer Ali Palh

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 3)

Received: 2 April 2015 Accepted: 11 April 2015 Published: 21 April 2015

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Abstract

Coastal district Badin of Sindh Pakistan is known as hub of pollution because of surface drain canal network, which continuously carries industrial effluents, municipal wastes, pumped saline water and excess agriculture water of three districts. Agriculture lands, ground water, lakes and Lagoons of the district have been contaminated with toxic heavy metals due to improper infrastructure of Left Bank Outfall Drain. The object of this study was to study the pollution contributed by drains of coastal areas of Badin. Nineteen samples of water were collected from different locations of drains on quarterly basis. Arc GIS was applied for vector mapping. Average results of parameters were EC 5.975 ± 4.956 mS/cm , TDS 3254.17 ± 2810.342 mg/L, Hg 0.0234 ±0.0118 µg/L , Ni 0.0076 ±0.0106mg/L, Cd 0.0245±0.0179mg/L , Zn 0.0393±0.0254mg/L , Cu 0.0890 ± 0.0911 mg/L, Fe 0.0546 ±0.0883mg/L. The results indicated that all parameters were within National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) limits of Pakistan for Industrial effluents. High concentration of TDS, and E.C, near the coastal sampling areas, confirmed that, sea water has been facilitated, with backward flow by same drains due to sea tides. Heavy metal results were also within permissible limits of Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) for agriculture use. Drain water may be used for saline agriculture purpose, if properly checked under Environmental Protection Act of Pakistan 1997.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 3, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13
Page(s)	122-132
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

LBOD (Left Bank Outfall Drain), Coastal Area of Badin, GIS (Geographic Information System), Industrial Effluent, KPOD (Kadhan Pateji Outfall Drain), DPOD (Dhoro Puran Outfall Drain)

References

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Mohammad Amin Qureshi, Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi, Zulfiqar Ali Laghari, Khalid Hussain Lashari, Fouzia Panhwar, et al. (2015). Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 3(3), 122-132. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13

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ACS Style

Mohammad Amin Qureshi; Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi; Zulfiqar Ali Laghari; Khalid Hussain Lashari; Fouzia Panhwar, et al. Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2015, 3(3), 122-132. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13

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AMA Style

Mohammad Amin Qureshi, Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi, Zulfiqar Ali Laghari, Khalid Hussain Lashari, Fouzia Panhwar, et al. Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2015;3(3):122-132. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13,
  author = {Mohammad Amin Qureshi and Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi and Zulfiqar Ali Laghari and Khalid Hussain Lashari and Fouzia Panhwar and Zameer Ali Palh},
  title = {Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {122-132},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20150303.13},
  abstract = {Coastal district Badin of Sindh Pakistan is known as hub of pollution because of surface drain canal network, which continuously carries industrial effluents, municipal wastes, pumped saline water and excess agriculture water of three districts. Agriculture lands, ground water, lakes and Lagoons of the district have been contaminated with toxic heavy metals due to improper infrastructure of Left Bank Outfall Drain. The object of this study was to study the pollution contributed by drains of coastal areas of Badin. Nineteen samples of water were collected from different locations of drains on quarterly basis. Arc GIS was applied for vector mapping. Average results of parameters were EC 5.975 ± 4.956 mS/cm , TDS 3254.17 ± 2810.342 mg/L, Hg 0.0234 ±0.0118 µg/L , Ni 0.0076 ±0.0106mg/L, Cd 0.0245±0.0179mg/L , Zn 0.0393±0.0254mg/L , Cu 0.0890 ± 0.0911 mg/L, Fe 0.0546 ±0.0883mg/L. The results indicated that all parameters were within National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) limits of Pakistan for Industrial effluents. High concentration of TDS, and E.C, near the coastal sampling areas, confirmed that, sea water has been facilitated, with backward flow by same drains due to sea tides. Heavy metal results were also within permissible limits of Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) for agriculture use. Drain water may be used for saline agriculture purpose, if properly checked under Environmental Protection Act of Pakistan 1997.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS
AU  - Mohammad Amin Qureshi
AU  - Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi
AU  - Zulfiqar Ali Laghari
AU  - Khalid Hussain Lashari
AU  - Fouzia Panhwar
AU  - Zameer Ali Palh
Y1  - 2015/04/21
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 122
EP  - 132
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13
AB  - Coastal district Badin of Sindh Pakistan is known as hub of pollution because of surface drain canal network, which continuously carries industrial effluents, municipal wastes, pumped saline water and excess agriculture water of three districts. Agriculture lands, ground water, lakes and Lagoons of the district have been contaminated with toxic heavy metals due to improper infrastructure of Left Bank Outfall Drain. The object of this study was to study the pollution contributed by drains of coastal areas of Badin. Nineteen samples of water were collected from different locations of drains on quarterly basis. Arc GIS was applied for vector mapping. Average results of parameters were EC 5.975 ± 4.956 mS/cm , TDS 3254.17 ± 2810.342 mg/L, Hg 0.0234 ±0.0118 µg/L , Ni 0.0076 ±0.0106mg/L, Cd 0.0245±0.0179mg/L , Zn 0.0393±0.0254mg/L , Cu 0.0890 ± 0.0911 mg/L, Fe 0.0546 ±0.0883mg/L. The results indicated that all parameters were within National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) limits of Pakistan for Industrial effluents. High concentration of TDS, and E.C, near the coastal sampling areas, confirmed that, sea water has been facilitated, with backward flow by same drains due to sea tides. Heavy metal results were also within permissible limits of Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) for agriculture use. Drain water may be used for saline agriculture purpose, if properly checked under Environmental Protection Act of Pakistan 1997.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Mohammad Amin Qureshi

Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi

Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
Zulfiqar Ali Laghari

Department of Physiology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
Khalid Hussain Lashari

Department of Fresh Water Biology and Fisheries, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
Fouzia Panhwar

Department of Pharmacology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
Zameer Ali Palh

Department of Fresh Water Biology and Fisheries, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan

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APA Style

Mohammad Amin Qureshi, Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi, Zulfiqar Ali Laghari, Khalid Hussain Lashari, Fouzia Panhwar, et al. (2015). Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 3(3), 122-132. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13

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ACS Style

Mohammad Amin Qureshi; Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi; Zulfiqar Ali Laghari; Khalid Hussain Lashari; Fouzia Panhwar, et al. Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2015, 3(3), 122-132. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13

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AMA Style

Mohammad Amin Qureshi, Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi, Zulfiqar Ali Laghari, Khalid Hussain Lashari, Fouzia Panhwar, et al. Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2015;3(3):122-132. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13,
  author = {Mohammad Amin Qureshi and Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi and Zulfiqar Ali Laghari and Khalid Hussain Lashari and Fouzia Panhwar and Zameer Ali Palh},
  title = {Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {3},
  number = {3},
  pages = {122-132},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20150303.13},
  abstract = {Coastal district Badin of Sindh Pakistan is known as hub of pollution because of surface drain canal network, which continuously carries industrial effluents, municipal wastes, pumped saline water and excess agriculture water of three districts. Agriculture lands, ground water, lakes and Lagoons of the district have been contaminated with toxic heavy metals due to improper infrastructure of Left Bank Outfall Drain. The object of this study was to study the pollution contributed by drains of coastal areas of Badin. Nineteen samples of water were collected from different locations of drains on quarterly basis. Arc GIS was applied for vector mapping. Average results of parameters were EC 5.975 ± 4.956 mS/cm , TDS 3254.17 ± 2810.342 mg/L, Hg 0.0234 ±0.0118 µg/L , Ni 0.0076 ±0.0106mg/L, Cd 0.0245±0.0179mg/L , Zn 0.0393±0.0254mg/L , Cu 0.0890 ± 0.0911 mg/L, Fe 0.0546 ±0.0883mg/L. The results indicated that all parameters were within National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) limits of Pakistan for Industrial effluents. High concentration of TDS, and E.C, near the coastal sampling areas, confirmed that, sea water has been facilitated, with backward flow by same drains due to sea tides. Heavy metal results were also within permissible limits of Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) for agriculture use. Drain water may be used for saline agriculture purpose, if properly checked under Environmental Protection Act of Pakistan 1997.},
 year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Heavy Metal Pollution Investigation of Left Bank Outfall Drain of Coastal District Badin, Sindh, Pakistan by Using Arc GIS
AU  - Mohammad Amin Qureshi
AU  - Ghulam Murtaza Mastoi
AU  - Zulfiqar Ali Laghari
AU  - Khalid Hussain Lashari
AU  - Fouzia Panhwar
AU  - Zameer Ali Palh
Y1  - 2015/04/21
PY  - 2015
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 122
EP  - 132
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20150303.13
AB  - Coastal district Badin of Sindh Pakistan is known as hub of pollution because of surface drain canal network, which continuously carries industrial effluents, municipal wastes, pumped saline water and excess agriculture water of three districts. Agriculture lands, ground water, lakes and Lagoons of the district have been contaminated with toxic heavy metals due to improper infrastructure of Left Bank Outfall Drain. The object of this study was to study the pollution contributed by drains of coastal areas of Badin. Nineteen samples of water were collected from different locations of drains on quarterly basis. Arc GIS was applied for vector mapping. Average results of parameters were EC 5.975 ± 4.956 mS/cm , TDS 3254.17 ± 2810.342 mg/L, Hg 0.0234 ±0.0118 µg/L , Ni 0.0076 ±0.0106mg/L, Cd 0.0245±0.0179mg/L , Zn 0.0393±0.0254mg/L , Cu 0.0890 ± 0.0911 mg/L, Fe 0.0546 ±0.0883mg/L. The results indicated that all parameters were within National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) limits of Pakistan for Industrial effluents. High concentration of TDS, and E.C, near the coastal sampling areas, confirmed that, sea water has been facilitated, with backward flow by same drains due to sea tides. Heavy metal results were also within permissible limits of Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) for agriculture use. Drain water may be used for saline agriculture purpose, if properly checked under Environmental Protection Act of Pakistan 1997.
VL  - 3
IS  - 3
ER  -

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