Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans)

Awal; Mohd Abdul

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14

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Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans)

Awal, Mohd Abdul

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 2, Issue 4)

Received: 4 August 2014 Accepted: 16 August 2014 Published: 30 August 2014

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Abstract

The Sundarbans is the largest single tract of mangrove forest in the world, occupying about 6,029 km2 in Bangladesh and the rest in India. At the advent of British rule in 1765, the Sundarbans forests were double their present size. Although, Sundarbans importantly supports local societies and economics, it is suffering a serious killer disease (top dying) which is affecting millions of the trees. The loss of H. fomes will have a major impact on the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem and economic losses as well.The forest is seriously threatened by human destruction and by ecological pollution. The cause of this dieback is still unknown. The present work investigates one of the possible factors that might be causing this top-dying namely the concentrations of various chemical elements present in the soil or sediments, particularly, exchangeable Kand heavy metals concentrations, though other chemical parameters such as the pH, moisture content of the soil or sediment and nutrient status were also assessed. A questionnaire survey was conducted among different groups of people inside and outside of Sundarbans to explore local perceptions as to the possible causes of top dying This confirmed the increase in top-dying prevalence due to human destructions and environmental pollutions.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14
Page(s)	209-219
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Human Destruction, Direct Extractions, Activities, Chemical Contamination, Causal Factors, Pollution, Heavy Metal Concentrations, Chemical Contamination, Sundarbans, Top-Dying

References

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APA Style

Awal, Mohd Abdul. (2014). Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans). International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 2(4), 209-219. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14

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ACS Style

Awal; Mohd Abdul. Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans). Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2014, 2(4), 209-219. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14

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AMA Style

Awal, Mohd Abdul. Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans). Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2014;2(4):209-219. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14,
  author = {Awal and Mohd Abdul},
  title = {Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans)},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {209-219},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20140204.14},
  abstract = {The Sundarbans is the largest single tract of mangrove forest in the world, occupying about 6,029 km2 in Bangladesh and the rest in India. At the advent of British rule in 1765, the Sundarbans forests were double their present size. Although, Sundarbans importantly supports local societies and economics, it is suffering   a serious killer disease (top dying) which is affecting millions of the trees. The loss of H. fomes will have a major impact on the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem and economic losses as well.The forest is seriously threatened by human destruction and by ecological pollution. The cause of this dieback is still unknown. The present work investigates one of the possible factors that might be causing this top-dying namely the concentrations of various chemical elements present in the soil or sediments, particularly, exchangeable Kand heavy metals concentrations, though other chemical parameters such as the pH, moisture content of the soil or sediment and nutrient status were also assessed. A questionnaire survey was conducted among different groups of people inside and outside of Sundarbans to explore local perceptions as to the possible causes of top dying This confirmed the increase in top-dying prevalence due to human destructions and environmental pollutions.},
 year = {2014}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans)
AU  - Awal
AU  - Mohd Abdul
Y1  - 2014/08/30
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 209
EP  - 219
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14
AB  - The Sundarbans is the largest single tract of mangrove forest in the world, occupying about 6,029 km2 in Bangladesh and the rest in India. At the advent of British rule in 1765, the Sundarbans forests were double their present size. Although, Sundarbans importantly supports local societies and economics, it is suffering   a serious killer disease (top dying) which is affecting millions of the trees. The loss of H. fomes will have a major impact on the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem and economic losses as well.The forest is seriously threatened by human destruction and by ecological pollution. The cause of this dieback is still unknown. The present work investigates one of the possible factors that might be causing this top-dying namely the concentrations of various chemical elements present in the soil or sediments, particularly, exchangeable Kand heavy metals concentrations, though other chemical parameters such as the pH, moisture content of the soil or sediment and nutrient status were also assessed. A questionnaire survey was conducted among different groups of people inside and outside of Sundarbans to explore local perceptions as to the possible causes of top dying This confirmed the increase in top-dying prevalence due to human destructions and environmental pollutions.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Awal
Mohd Abdul

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APA Style

Awal, Mohd Abdul. (2014). Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans). International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 2(4), 209-219. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14

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ACS Style

Awal; Mohd Abdul. Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans). Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2014, 2(4), 209-219. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14

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AMA Style

Awal, Mohd Abdul. Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans). Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2014;2(4):209-219. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14

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@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14,
  author = {Awal and Mohd Abdul},
  title = {Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans)},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {209-219},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20140204.14},
  abstract = {The Sundarbans is the largest single tract of mangrove forest in the world, occupying about 6,029 km2 in Bangladesh and the rest in India. At the advent of British rule in 1765, the Sundarbans forests were double their present size. Although, Sundarbans importantly supports local societies and economics, it is suffering   a serious killer disease (top dying) which is affecting millions of the trees. The loss of H. fomes will have a major impact on the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem and economic losses as well.The forest is seriously threatened by human destruction and by ecological pollution. The cause of this dieback is still unknown. The present work investigates one of the possible factors that might be causing this top-dying namely the concentrations of various chemical elements present in the soil or sediments, particularly, exchangeable Kand heavy metals concentrations, though other chemical parameters such as the pH, moisture content of the soil or sediment and nutrient status were also assessed. A questionnaire survey was conducted among different groups of people inside and outside of Sundarbans to explore local perceptions as to the possible causes of top dying This confirmed the increase in top-dying prevalence due to human destructions and environmental pollutions.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Analysis of Direct Human Influences and Its Adverse Impacts on the Ecosystems of World Heritage Site (Sundarbans)
AU  - Awal
AU  - Mohd Abdul
Y1  - 2014/08/30
PY  - 2014
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14
T2  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO  - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP  - 209
EP  - 219
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-7667
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.14
AB  - The Sundarbans is the largest single tract of mangrove forest in the world, occupying about 6,029 km2 in Bangladesh and the rest in India. At the advent of British rule in 1765, the Sundarbans forests were double their present size. Although, Sundarbans importantly supports local societies and economics, it is suffering   a serious killer disease (top dying) which is affecting millions of the trees. The loss of H. fomes will have a major impact on the Sundarbans mangrove ecosystem and economic losses as well.The forest is seriously threatened by human destruction and by ecological pollution. The cause of this dieback is still unknown. The present work investigates one of the possible factors that might be causing this top-dying namely the concentrations of various chemical elements present in the soil or sediments, particularly, exchangeable Kand heavy metals concentrations, though other chemical parameters such as the pH, moisture content of the soil or sediment and nutrient status were also assessed. A questionnaire survey was conducted among different groups of people inside and outside of Sundarbans to explore local perceptions as to the possible causes of top dying This confirmed the increase in top-dying prevalence due to human destructions and environmental pollutions.
VL  - 2
IS  - 4
ER  -

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