Effects of Domestic Wastes on Water from Shallow - Wells in Moduganari, Nigeria

Gwana; Adamu Mohammed; Mshelia; Ngita Hassan; Abdullahi; Mumin Mai; Auwal; Mohammed Shu’aibu; Bagudu; Buhari Yawuri; Mala; B. Mohammed; Abdullahi; Hala Mai; Sadiq; Aji Bukar

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11

Effects of Domestic Wastes on Water from Shallow - Wells in Moduganari, Nigeria

Gwana, Adamu Mohammed, Mshelia, Ngita Hassan, Abdullahi, Mumin Mai, Auwal, Mohammed Shu’aibu, Bagudu, Buhari Yawuri, Mala, B. Mohammed, Abdullahi, Hala Mai, Sadiq, Aji Bukar

Published in International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 2, Issue 4)

Received: 8 July 2014 Accepted: 21 July 2014 Published: 30 July 2014

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

This study was conducted on the effects of domestic wastes on water from shallow - wells in Moduganari, Nigeria. Randomly designed into six water stations, samples collection was done as per the method of Gwana et al, (2014) applied. Physico-chemical and bacteriological examinations of water samples were applied as described by Association of Analytical Chemists, (1990), Tandon, (1999) and Cheesbrough, (2010). The results obtained reveal the type of water quality used in this area. The organoleptic characteristics of the water examined; four stations are colourless and the taste is agreeable, and five are odourless (not offensive). Five stations, falls within the standard value of pH (pH 6.5 to 8.5). Only one station met with the standard value for water turbidity (˂ 1TU) and the temperatures of the six samples were within normal range. Heavy metals concentration in the samples; cadmium, chromium, and copper, values obtained falls within the standard, and four samples falls within the standard values for lead (0.01mg/l), and two met with the standard values for manganese (0.05mg/l). The bacteriological examination of the water samples; only one met with the standard coliform count (1CFU / ml), two fit for table water, i.e. absence of E. coli. Aerobicmesophilic bacterial count falls within the recommended values (300 CFU / ml) for all of the samples. Most of the sources of water used by the communities in this area are unwholesome for consumption. There are high levels of contamination by the pollutants in this area; the populace are at risk with time unless these situations been addressed by the relevant authority concern. Proper planning, management, and development of this valuable resource in order to prevent pollution, to harmonize its availability with the need for different uses become necessary. Authority concern addressed this situation.

Published in	International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11
Page(s)	185-190
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Moduganari, Shallow-Wells, Wastes, Water, Quality

References

[1]	Abdullahi, Hala. “Importance and existence of water:; In: Effect of Domestic Liquid Waste on Ground Water Quality of Shallow Well. (A Case Study of Moduganari, Maisandari Ward, Maiduguri). A Final Year Project (Unpublished), Department of Agriculture and Bio- Environmental Engineering, Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri; Pp 4 – 8. 2013.
[2]	Akan, J.C; Kolo, B.G; Yikala, B.S ₰ Ogugbuaja V.O., 2013. “Determinations of Some Heavy Metal in Vegetable Samples from Biu Local Government Area, Borno State, North-Eastern Nigeria”: International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis. Volume 1, Number 2; Pp: 40 – 46. 10.11648/j.ijema.2013102.11.
[3]	AOAC, (1990). “Official Methods of Analysis”, Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 15th Edition, AOAC Press; Gaithersburg, USA.1990.
[4]	Bonnie, Worthington-Roberts. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2008 [DVD]. Remond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, © 1997- 2007.
[5]	Cainncross, G & Feachen, R.G. “Environmental Health Engineering in the Tropic”, In: Wiley, an Introductory Text Book, 4th Edition; Pp. 144 – 149. 1983.
[6]	Frazier, W.C. and Westhoff, D.C. "Food Microbiology”, McGraw Hill Books Co. 4th Edition; Pp. 63 – 487. 1988.
[7]	Garba, Z.N; Gimba, C.N; Hamza, S.A and Galadima, A. “Tetrimetric Determination of Arsenic in Well water from Getso and Kutama, Gwarzo Local Government Area, Kano State, Nigeria”. Chemclass Journal, Volume 5; Pp. 78 – 80. 2008.
[8]	Gwana, A.M., Bako, M.M., Bagudu, B.Y., Sadiq, A.B., Abdullahi, M. Mai. “Determinations of Phytochemical, Vitamin, Mineral and Proximate Compositions of Varieties Watermelon Seeds Cultivated in Borno State, North – Eastern Nigeria”. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences. Vol. 3, No. 4, 2014, Pp. 238-245.doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20140304.12
[9]	Gwana, A.M., Echeonwu, G.O.N., Auwal, M.S., Bagudu, B.Y., Mrs. Sa’adatu, H. S., Fatima, A. L and Abdullah, M. S. In: “Study Area and Location”; In: Survey on Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (Hbs Ag) Amomgst the Community of Mohamet Lawan College of Agriculture, Maiduguri, Borno State, North – Eastern Nigeria. Journal of Laboratory Science, 2, (1); Pp. 1 – 6. 2013.
[10]	Haloi, N. and Sarma, H. P. “Ground Water Quality Assessment of Some Parts of Brahmaputra Flood Plain in Barpete District, Assam with Special Focus on Fluoride, Nitrate, Sulphate and Iron Analysis”, Int. J. Chem. Tech., 3 (3), Pp: 1302 – 1308. 2011.
[11]	John, Hart. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2008 [DVD]. Remond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, © 1997 - 2007.
[12]	Lamikaran, A. “Essential Microbiology Far Students and Practitioners of Pharmacy, Medicine and Microbiology”, 2nd Edition, Amkra books; Pp: 406 – 407. 1999.
[13]	Lide, D. R., “ed. CRC”, In: Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, Boca Raton, FL-CRC Press, 87th edition; Pp. 21- 29. 2006.
[14]	Monica, C. “Water Related Disease and Testing of Water Supply”, In: District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries, Part Two, 2nd Ed., Cambridge University Press; Pp. 143 – 157. 2010.
[15]	Nikoladze, G. D. M. and Akastal, S. “Water Treatment for Public and Industrial Supply”, MIP Publisher Moscoul; Pp: 163 – 164. 1989.
[16]	Philip, Mathews (2004). “Water is Special about Water”, In: Advance Chemistry, Low Price Edition, Cambridge University Press, U.K; Pp. 558 – 568. 2004.
[17]	Shmueli, Deborah F. “Water Quality in International River Basin”, In: Political Geography 18: Pp 437 – 476. 1999.
[18]	Stroud, K.A and Booth, D.J. “Statistical Package”, In: Engineering Mathematics. WWW. Palgrave.Com / Stroud, Pal grave, GB, 5th Edition, London; Pp: 1130 – 1139. 2001.
[19]	Tandon, H.L.S. “Methods of analysis of soil, plants, water and fertilizers”. Fertilizer development and consultation organization. New Delhi; Pp: 1 – 144. 1999.
[20]	Wikipedia (2013). “Drinking Water Quality Standard”, In: Wikipedia Encyclopaedia; Pp 1 – 4. 2013. Retrieved: 16th September, 2013.
[21]	World Health Organisation. “Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality”, 3rd Edition, Volume 1; Pp: 34 – 78. 2004.
[22]	World Health Organisation. “Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality”, 4rd Edition, Volume 1; Pp: 23 – 30. 2011.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Gwana, Adamu Mohammed, Mshelia, Ngita Hassan, Abdullahi, et al. (2014). Effects of Domestic Wastes on Water from Shallow - Wells in Moduganari, Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 2(4), 185-190. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Gwana; Adamu Mohammed; Mshelia; Ngita Hassan; Abdullahi, et al. Effects of Domestic Wastes on Water from Shallow - Wells in Moduganari, Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2014, 2(4), 185-190. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Gwana, Adamu Mohammed, Mshelia, Ngita Hassan, Abdullahi, et al. Effects of Domestic Wastes on Water from Shallow - Wells in Moduganari, Nigeria. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2014;2(4):185-190. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11,
  author = {Gwana and Adamu Mohammed and Mshelia and Ngita Hassan and Abdullahi and Mumin Mai and Auwal and Mohammed Shu’aibu and Bagudu and Buhari Yawuri and Mala and B. Mohammed and Abdullahi and Hala Mai and Sadiq and Aji Bukar},
  title = {Effects of Domestic Wastes on Water from Shallow - Wells in Moduganari, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {185-190},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20140204.11},
  abstract = {This study was conducted on the effects of domestic wastes on water from shallow - wells in Moduganari, Nigeria. Randomly designed into six water stations, samples collection was done as per the method of Gwana et al, (2014) applied. Physico-chemical and bacteriological examinations of water samples were applied as described by Association of Analytical Chemists, (1990), Tandon, (1999) and Cheesbrough, (2010). The results obtained reveal the type of water quality used in this area. The organoleptic characteristics of the water examined; four stations are colourless and the taste is agreeable, and five are odourless (not offensive). Five stations, falls within the standard value of pH (pH 6.5 to 8.5). Only one station met with the standard value for water turbidity (˂ 1TU) and the temperatures of the six samples were within normal range. Heavy metals concentration in the samples; cadmium, chromium, and copper, values obtained falls within the standard, and four samples falls within the standard values for lead (0.01mg/l), and two met with the standard values for manganese (0.05mg/l). The bacteriological examination of the water samples; only one met with the standard coliform count (1CFU / ml), two fit for table water, i.e. absence of E. coli. Aerobicmesophilic bacterial count falls within the recommended values (300 CFU / ml) for all of the samples. Most of the sources of water used by the communities in this area are unwholesome for consumption. There are high levels of contamination by the pollutants in this area; the populace are at risk with time unless these situations been addressed by the relevant authority concern. Proper planning, management, and development of this valuable resource in order to prevent pollution, to harmonize its availability with the need for different uses become necessary. Authority concern addressed this situation.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of Domestic Wastes on Water from Shallow - Wells in Moduganari, Nigeria
AU - Gwana
AU - Adamu Mohammed
AU - Mshelia
AU - Ngita Hassan
AU - Abdullahi
AU - Mumin Mai
AU - Auwal
AU - Mohammed Shu’aibu
AU - Bagudu
AU - Buhari Yawuri
AU - Mala
AU - B. Mohammed
AU - Abdullahi
AU - Hala Mai
AU - Sadiq
AU - Aji Bukar
Y1 - 2014/07/30
PY - 2014
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11
DO - 10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11
T2 - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JF - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
JO - International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis
SP - 185
EP - 190
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-7667
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11
AB - This study was conducted on the effects of domestic wastes on water from shallow - wells in Moduganari, Nigeria. Randomly designed into six water stations, samples collection was done as per the method of Gwana et al, (2014) applied. Physico-chemical and bacteriological examinations of water samples were applied as described by Association of Analytical Chemists, (1990), Tandon, (1999) and Cheesbrough, (2010). The results obtained reveal the type of water quality used in this area. The organoleptic characteristics of the water examined; four stations are colourless and the taste is agreeable, and five are odourless (not offensive). Five stations, falls within the standard value of pH (pH 6.5 to 8.5). Only one station met with the standard value for water turbidity (˂ 1TU) and the temperatures of the six samples were within normal range. Heavy metals concentration in the samples; cadmium, chromium, and copper, values obtained falls within the standard, and four samples falls within the standard values for lead (0.01mg/l), and two met with the standard values for manganese (0.05mg/l). The bacteriological examination of the water samples; only one met with the standard coliform count (1CFU / ml), two fit for table water, i.e. absence of E. coli. Aerobicmesophilic bacterial count falls within the recommended values (300 CFU / ml) for all of the samples. Most of the sources of water used by the communities in this area are unwholesome for consumption. There are high levels of contamination by the pollutants in this area; the populace are at risk with time unless these situations been addressed by the relevant authority concern. Proper planning, management, and development of this valuable resource in order to prevent pollution, to harmonize its availability with the need for different uses become necessary. Authority concern addressed this situation.
VL - 2
IS - 4
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Gwana
Adamu Mohammed
Mshelia
Ngita Hassan
Abdullahi
Mumin Mai
Auwal
Mohammed Shu’aibu
Bagudu
Buhari Yawuri
Mala
B. Mohammed
Abdullahi
Hala Mai
Sadiq
Aji Bukar

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Gwana, Adamu Mohammed, Mshelia, Ngita Hassan, Abdullahi, et al. (2014). Effects of Domestic Wastes on Water from Shallow - Wells in Moduganari, Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis, 2(4), 185-190. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Gwana; Adamu Mohammed; Mshelia; Ngita Hassan; Abdullahi, et al. Effects of Domestic Wastes on Water from Shallow - Wells in Moduganari, Nigeria. Int. J. Environ. Monit. Anal. 2014, 2(4), 185-190. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Gwana, Adamu Mohammed, Mshelia, Ngita Hassan, Abdullahi, et al. Effects of Domestic Wastes on Water from Shallow - Wells in Moduganari, Nigeria. Int J Environ Monit Anal. 2014;2(4):185-190. doi: 10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11,
  author = {Gwana and Adamu Mohammed and Mshelia and Ngita Hassan and Abdullahi and Mumin Mai and Auwal and Mohammed Shu’aibu and Bagudu and Buhari Yawuri and Mala and B. Mohammed and Abdullahi and Hala Mai and Sadiq and Aji Bukar},
  title = {Effects of Domestic Wastes on Water from Shallow - Wells in Moduganari, Nigeria},
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Analysis},
  volume = {2},
  number = {4},
  pages = {185-190},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijema.20140204.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijema.20140204.11},
  abstract = {This study was conducted on the effects of domestic wastes on water from shallow - wells in Moduganari, Nigeria. Randomly designed into six water stations, samples collection was done as per the method of Gwana et al, (2014) applied. Physico-chemical and bacteriological examinations of water samples were applied as described by Association of Analytical Chemists, (1990), Tandon, (1999) and Cheesbrough, (2010). The results obtained reveal the type of water quality used in this area. The organoleptic characteristics of the water examined; four stations are colourless and the taste is agreeable, and five are odourless (not offensive). Five stations, falls within the standard value of pH (pH 6.5 to 8.5). Only one station met with the standard value for water turbidity (˂ 1TU) and the temperatures of the six samples were within normal range. Heavy metals concentration in the samples; cadmium, chromium, and copper, values obtained falls within the standard, and four samples falls within the standard values for lead (0.01mg/l), and two met with the standard values for manganese (0.05mg/l). The bacteriological examination of the water samples; only one met with the standard coliform count (1CFU / ml), two fit for table water, i.e. absence of E. coli. Aerobicmesophilic bacterial count falls within the recommended values (300 CFU / ml) for all of the samples. Most of the sources of water used by the communities in this area are unwholesome for consumption. There are high levels of contamination by the pollutants in this area; the populace are at risk with time unless these situations been addressed by the relevant authority concern. Proper planning, management, and development of this valuable resource in order to prevent pollution, to harmonize its availability with the need for different uses become necessary. Authority concern addressed this situation.},
 year = {2014}
}

Copy | Download