Effects of Testosterone Replacement on Insulin Sensitivity, Blood Glucose, Serum Lipids and Vitamin D Concentration in a Rat Model of Andropause
Mohamad Yosof Rezk,
Hany Ahmed Elkatawy,
Ahmed Mohamed Shata,
Khalid Mohammad Mohany
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2017
Pages:
30-35
Received:
29 April 2017
Accepted:
9 May 2017
Published:
19 May 2017
Abstract: Background: Testosterone facilitates various metabolic processes in the bones, muscles, bone marrow, brain and immune system. Testosterone deficiency may contribute to cardiovascular diseases, central obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Aim: to investigate the effects of testosterone deficiency on blood glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, vitamin D, Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), Homeostatic model assessment for beta function (HOMA-IR) and serum lipids in rat models of andropause. Methods, 48 male rats divided into 4 equal groups (n=12/group); a) Control (C) group. b) Orchiectomy (O) group underwent bilateral removal of the testicles. c) Orchiectomy and treated (O+T) group given daily IM testosterone replacement therapy for 7 days, d) Sham and treated (Sh+T) group in which sham operated rats were given the same daily dose of T as O+T group for 7 days. Results: we found that plasma glucose concentration increased significantly (P<0.001) in O group. This increase was corrected by testosterone injection in O+T group. In (Sh+T) group, there is a significant reduction in serum glucose (P<0.001). We also found that insulin level reduced significantly (P<0.001) in O group. This reduction in insulin level was corrected by testosterone. In (Sh+T) group, insulin level increased significantly. 25-OHVD3 was reduced significantly (P<0.05) in O group and increased significantly in O+T group. HOMA-IR level decreased significantly (P<0.001) and this reduction was corrected by Testosterone. HOMA-β reduced significantly (P<0.001) and this reduction was corrected by Testosterone in O+T group. In SH group, there is a marked increase in HOMA-β. We also found insignificant differences between the four groups in serum triglycerides. However, we found very highly significant differences in total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL between C group and O group and very highly significant differences between O+T group and Sh+T group in comparison with O group. We also found significant differences in serum HDL-c in (O) group in comparison with (C) group and between O+T and Sh+T groups in comparison with O group. In conclusion, we found significant reduction in 25-OH(VD), Testosterone, Insulin, HOMA-IR and HOMA-B and significant increase in glucose serum levels in O group and these changes were corrected by Testosterone injection in O+T group. We also found insignificant differences between the four groups in serum triglycerides. However, we found highly significant differences in total cholesterol, LDL, HDL-c and VLDL between C group and O group and very highly significant differences between O+T group and Sh+T group in comparison with O group.
Abstract: Background: Testosterone facilitates various metabolic processes in the bones, muscles, bone marrow, brain and immune system. Testosterone deficiency may contribute to cardiovascular diseases, central obesity and metabolic dysfunction. Aim: to investigate the effects of testosterone deficiency on blood glucose levels, insulin sensitivity, vitamin D...
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Assessment of Vitiligo Treatment Outcome: Review of Useful Methods
Slaheddine Marrakchi,
Sonia Boudaya,
Abderrahmen Masmoudi,
Madiha Mseddi,
Hamida Turki
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 3, May 2017
Pages:
36-41
Received:
20 June 2017
Accepted:
5 July 2017
Published:
24 August 2017
Abstract: Many therapeutic modalities are available for vitiligo treatment. However, there is a lack of consensus about methods that assess the treatment outcome of the disorder. Comparative studies of various treatments of vitiligo, relied until recently on subjective methods based on an approximate evaluation of the extent of depigmented areas. Recently objective modalities that could be used to assess the changes in vitiligo lesions during treatment were described. Assessment could be based either on the global evaluation of vitiligo extent or on the changes of specific localized areas. Vitiligo Area Scoring Index, Vitiligo European Task Force evaluating method, Vitiligo Extent Tensity Index and Self Assessed Vitiligo Area Scoring Index are among the proposed methods for global assessment of vitiligo areas changes. Point counting methods, planimetry and digitizing methods are potentially useful methods for vitiligo outcome evaluation. However these methods are more suitable for measurement of localized vitiligo lesions and not for evaluation of vitiligo extent. Some simple methods used by physiotherapists in assessment of skin wounds, that could be applied to vitiligo will also be reviewed.
Abstract: Many therapeutic modalities are available for vitiligo treatment. However, there is a lack of consensus about methods that assess the treatment outcome of the disorder. Comparative studies of various treatments of vitiligo, relied until recently on subjective methods based on an approximate evaluation of the extent of depigmented areas. Recently ob...
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