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Comparative Study of Three Cowpea Variety Against Different Soil Samples
Aminu Abubakar,
Haladu Ahmad Ibrahim,
Maryam Musa Karaye,
Maryam Ahmad Yaro,
Rahama Tijjani Babuga,
Badaria Abdussalam
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, December 2018
Pages:
40-43
Received:
21 May 2018
Accepted:
22 June 2018
Published:
5 November 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.jcebe.20180202.11
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Abstract: The effect of soil type and rate of germination on cowpea varieties (Vigna unguiculata) were studied. Three cowpea varieties viz, A (IT90K – 277 – 2), B (IT93K – 452 – 35) C (IT97L – 499 – 1) are planted under different soil types (sand, clay and loamy) and length of each plant with its corresponding number of leaves are recorded. The result of the experiment revealed that cowpea plant variety A (IT90K – 277 – 2) will be best suited for planting in sandy soil and the least recommendation for planting this variety is clay soil. For cowpea variety B (IT93K – 452 – 35) the best suited soil for planting is loamy soil and the least been planting it under sandy soil for variety C (IT97K – 499 – 1) the best soil growing this kind of variety is in clay soil and the least recommendation is planting on sandy soil.
Abstract: The effect of soil type and rate of germination on cowpea varieties (Vigna unguiculata) were studied. Three cowpea varieties viz, A (IT90K – 277 – 2), B (IT93K – 452 – 35) C (IT97L – 499 – 1) are planted under different soil types (sand, clay and loamy) and length of each plant with its corresponding number of leaves are recorded. The result of the...
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Integrated Effect of Metal Accumulation, Oxidative Stress Responses and DNA Damage in Venerupis Decussata Gills Collected From Two Coast Tunisian Lagoons
Safa Bejaoui,
Khaoula Telahigue,
Imene Chetoui,
Imen Rabeh,
Chaima Fouzai,
Wafa Trabelsi,
Ines Houas-Gharsallah,
M’hamed El Cafsi,
Nejla Soudani
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, December 2018
Pages:
44-51
Received:
12 October 2018
Accepted:
26 October 2018
Published:
16 November 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.jcebe.20180202.12
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Abstract: The bivalve Venerupis decussata has been proposed as a sentinel species for assessment of lagoon water. Our study aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal variation of oxidative stress biomarkers, metal content and DNA damage in Venerupis decussata digestive gland collected seasonally from contaminated (BOUGHRARA “L2”) and comparatively cleaner ( GHAR EL MELH “L1”) lagoons. Trace metal contents (Cu, Pb and Cd) in Venerupis decussata collected at polluted site were 1-2 folds higher compared to the control site and showed maximum variation especially during summer and spring seasons. The current findings indicate a seasonal increase of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PCO), glutathione (GSH) and metallothioneins (MT) levels in relation to trace element accumulation in Venerupis decussata digestive gland from BOUGHRARA sampling lagoon compared to those from GHAR EL MELH. We found an increase in glutathione-S-transfers (GST) and glutathione peroxides (GPx) activities in clams collected from BOUGHRARA lagoon. A random DNA degradation was observed mostly in digestive gland from the polluted site. The principal component examination of the physiological parameters showed a clear separation between Venerupis decussata collected from the polluted lagoon (L2) and those from the clean one (L1). Our study delivers basic information on the toxicological effects of environmental pollutants in clam through the combination of metabolic and physiological methodologies.
Abstract: The bivalve Venerupis decussata has been proposed as a sentinel species for assessment of lagoon water. Our study aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal variation of oxidative stress biomarkers, metal content and DNA damage in Venerupis decussata digestive gland collected seasonally from contaminated (BOUGHRARA “L2”) and comparatively cleaner (...
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Structure, Function and Applications of a Classic Enzyme: Horseradish Peroxidase
Hameed Akbar,
Divine Mensah Sedzro,
Mazhar Khan,
Sm Faysal Bellah,
S M Saker Billah
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, December 2018
Pages:
52-59
Received:
14 October 2018
Accepted:
29 October 2018
Published:
27 November 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.jcebe.20180202.13
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Abstract: An oxidation-reduction catalyzing enzyme i.e. peroxidases that are produced by numerous plants and microorganism are widely known in today’s world. This enzyme can catalyze peroxide based reactions. Novel types of aromatic polymers may result from the oxidative polymerization of aromatic amines and phenols by horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) present in water or water-soluble organic solvents. Besides, playing a potential role by the peroxidases in the soil detoxification, HRP, turnip and soybean peroxidases have also shown their significance in the bioremediation of cresols, phenols and chlorinated phenols contaminated water. Other types like manganese peroxidase (MnP) and Lignin Peroxidase (LiP) are of important use in paper industry for performing bio-bleaching and bio-pulping. These enzymes can also oxidatively breakdown the synthetic azo dyes. One of the major use of peroxidases are in analytical systems where peroxidase based biosensors are used for organic hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide determination. On the other hand, if co-immobilized with H2O2–producing enzyme, it can be used for determination of range of compounds e.g. alcohols, choline, glucose and glutamate. Furthermore, peroxidases are simple and trustworthy way of detecting pathogens, toxins and antigens in various analytes by labeling a pre applied antibody like in ELISA (enzyme immuno sorbent assay) and quantification of chemicals like glucose, lactose, uric acid and cholesterol that are its practical analytical applications in diagnostic kits.
Abstract: An oxidation-reduction catalyzing enzyme i.e. peroxidases that are produced by numerous plants and microorganism are widely known in today’s world. This enzyme can catalyze peroxide based reactions. Novel types of aromatic polymers may result from the oxidative polymerization of aromatic amines and phenols by horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) present in...
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Investigation of Novel Functions of KICSTOR Components in the DNA Damage Response
Manideep Chowdary Pachva,
Alexander Ryan
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, December 2018
Pages:
60-69
Received:
7 October 2018
Accepted:
10 November 2018
Published:
26 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.jcebe.20180202.14
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Abstract: The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTOR) is an atypical serine/threonine kinase which acts as a global cellular regulator of growth and cell survival in response to environmental cues and is a member of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinase family. Through the numerous inhibitions and initiations of catabolic and anabolic processes respectively, mTORC1 is also a major promoter for cell-cycle progression. mTORC1 can be activated by growth factors such as insulin as a downstream target of PI3K signaling. It is expressed in all somatic cell types plays vital roles in axonal movement, neuronal plasticity and development in the brain. The aberrant activation of mTORC1 has been implicated as one of the leading causes of Tuberous Sclerosis and Focal Epilepsies. Constitutively active mutations in mTOR complex subunits and their upstream signalling proteins have also been documented in over 30% of Cancers, such as the recently recognised links to prostate and colon cancer. Some PI3K/mTOR inhibitors have also been shown to potently inhibit DNA damage responses in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines suggesting mTOR plays a key role in DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms. This review focuses on delineating the mTOR pathway, mechanism of mTOR inhibitors and their possible role in inhibiting the DDR mechanism.
Abstract: The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTOR) is an atypical serine/threonine kinase which acts as a global cellular regulator of growth and cell survival in response to environmental cues and is a member of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinase family. Through the numerous inhibitions and initiations of catabolic and anabolic pr...
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Production of Biodiesel from Green Alga Oedogonium capillare
Tosin Victor Adegoke,
Adeleke Osho,
Ogedegbe Gloria Palmer,
Oloruntoba Ademola Olodun,
Adeola Tolulope Adeyelu
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, December 2018
Pages:
70-73
Received:
15 October 2018
Accepted:
15 November 2018
Published:
26 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.jcebe.20180202.15
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Abstract: The production of biodiesel from green alga Oedogonium capillare was investigated. The result shows that biodiesel can be obtained from green alga Oedogonium capillare. The algal oil obtained from the Oedogonium capillare was 8.18 % using n-hexane as the solvent extraction. The algal oil was converted into biodiesel and the percentage yield of the biodiesel obtained from the Oedogonium capillare oil was 100 % in the course of the research. The biodiesel was found to be almost neutral in nature because the pH was 7.1. Oedogonium capillare can serve as source of energy and considerable amount of biodiesel can be produced from algae. The global dependence on the nonrenewable energy sources (i.e. fossil fuels) is leading us towards the worldwide energy insecurity. Algae have many reasons why they could be consider as one of the most perfect choices for biodiesel production. A constant rising worldwide demand of motor and power generation fuels together with environmental concern has made us to turn on towards natural and pollution free fuel i.e. biofuel which can be gotten from Oedogonium capillare. Biofuels are quite adequate to provide an alternative to fossil fuels and can also reduce total CO2 emissions. Oedogonium capillare can produce biodiesel which is biodegradable, less CO2 and NOx emission. Increasing number of population, advanced technology and economics growth somehow has caused energy depletion. Algae have important potential as an alternative energy source. Therefore, lipids-secreting microalgae are promising alternatives for the production of renewable biofuel.
Abstract: The production of biodiesel from green alga Oedogonium capillare was investigated. The result shows that biodiesel can be obtained from green alga Oedogonium capillare. The algal oil obtained from the Oedogonium capillare was 8.18 % using n-hexane as the solvent extraction. The algal oil was converted into biodiesel and the percentage yield of the ...
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Assessment of Ground and Surface Water Quality for Irrigation at Dumki, Patuakhali in Bangladesh
Tanvir Ahamed Hira,
Mohammad Kabirul Islam,
Nowrose Jahan Lipi,
Mohammad Monirul Islam,
Mohammad Isfatuzzaman Bhuyan,
Mahbuba Ferdous
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, December 2018
Pages:
74-81
Received:
14 October 2018
Accepted:
7 November 2018
Published:
7 January 2019
DOI:
10.11648/j.jcebe.20180202.16
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Abstract: Water is one of the most valuable natural resource on earth but its quality is very much important and its quality as well as its utilization for irrigation. The present observation was carried out to find out the quality of 50 ground and surface water samples collected from 5 unions at Dumki upazila under Patuakhali district. The chemical analysis of water samples including pH, EC, K+, Na+, PO43- and SO42-. The pH of ground and surface water were 7.22 to 8.47 and 6.56 to 8.51. The EC of ground and surface water were 620 to 4400 and 160 to 590 µScm-1. The EC of ground water was higher than the surface water. The PO43- concentration of ground and surface water were 0.12 to 0.80 and 0.0531 to 0.4248 mgL-1. The SO42- concentration of ground and surface water were 3.33 to 18.76 mgL-1 and 5.504 to 17.364 mgL-1. The concentration of PO43- and SO42- in all collected water samples were within the safe limit for irrigation and the concentration of Na+ of ground and surface water were 40.35 to 83.63 mgL-1 and 13.54 to 26.73 mgL-1. The Na+ concentration was higher in ground water than the surface water. K+ concentration of the ground and surface water were 4.11 to 29.79 mgL-1 and 11.64 to 89.73 mgL-1 respectively. The K+ concentrations of ground and surface water were not the safe limit for the irrigation. The SO42- concentration in this area was estimated within the safe limit for drinking.
Abstract: Water is one of the most valuable natural resource on earth but its quality is very much important and its quality as well as its utilization for irrigation. The present observation was carried out to find out the quality of 50 ground and surface water samples collected from 5 unions at Dumki upazila under Patuakhali district. The chemical analysis...
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