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Effects of Irrigation with Treated and Untreated Wastewater on Nutrient, Toxic Metal Content, Growth and Yield of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.)
Mohammed Abdullah Alghobar,
Sidduraiah Suresha
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
1-8
Received:
23 September 2016
Accepted:
8 October 2016
Published:
7 November 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijec.20170101.11
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Abstract: The study was conducted in Vidyaranyapuram area in the South West of Mysore, Karnataka. It was aimed to investigate the concentration of macronutrients and trace metals of arable soils and to compare by those irrigation with wastewater on soil and coriander plant (Coriandrum sativum L.), grown during its growth period. Twenty one samples each of water, soil and coriander plant were collected from different sites. Treatments included untreated wastewater (UWW); treated wastewater (TWW) and ground water (GW) as control. The used water sources when evaluated as irrigation water according to the FAO system of water quality classification were found suitable for use in leaching and irrigating the saline soils especially for short duration crops. The results indicated that use of wastewater for irrigation led to significant differences in mean values of pH, EC, N, P, Ca, Mg, Na, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni, Pb and Cr of soil as compared to the control GW irrigated soil sample. N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na contents also increase in leaves of coriander crop significantly higher than the GW irrigated control plants, irrigation with different proportions of wastewater showed significantly higher concentrations of heavy metals like Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb and Cr in leaf tissues of coriander crop, except for Cd and Co, as compared to the control treatment GW. The results indicated that irrigation of coriander with UWW and TWW affect negatively on growth and yield parameters of coriander; these effects could be attributed to accumulation of micronutrients and macronutrients in soil. These results suggest that UWW and TWW effluents of Vidyaranyapuram area not fit for be utilization as a important sources of water for irrigating coriander crop, as they show it did have significant harmful effects on crop productivity.
Abstract: The study was conducted in Vidyaranyapuram area in the South West of Mysore, Karnataka. It was aimed to investigate the concentration of macronutrients and trace metals of arable soils and to compare by those irrigation with wastewater on soil and coriander plant (Coriandrum sativum L.), grown during its growth period. Twenty one samples each of wa...
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Assessment of Heavy Metals Concentration of Crude Oil Polluted Soil and Water in Some Coastal Communities of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Mercy Uwem Useh,
Pius Patrick Ikokoh
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
9-13
Received:
30 September 2016
Accepted:
1 November 2016
Published:
23 November 2016
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijec.20170101.12
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Abstract: The level of heavy metals concentrations of crude oil polluted soil and water was assessed in some coastal communities (Eket, Ibeno, EsitEket and Onna) of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The mean values of the heavy metals determined were: Cr(0.1544±0.01), Cd(0.0137±0.00), Pb(0.0340±0.04), Ca(64.9360±1.55), Ni(0.0112±0.02), Cu(0.0164±0.00), Co(0.00), Mn(1.0067±1.54), Fe(0.6526±0.13), Zn(0.1175±0.04) for water samples and Cr(0.5595±0.12), Cd(0.2139±0.17), Pb(0.1559±0.03), Ca(1.7940±0.62), Ni(0.1685±0.02), Cu(0.1398±0.04), Co(0.0180±0.01), Mn(5.7187±1.34), Fe(9.5787±0.89), Zn(0.2626±0.22) for soil samples. The results showed that calcium was very high in water Ca(64.9360±1.55) samples compared to the soil Ca(1.7940±0.62) samples which suggest that the water is hard, though these values were within the WHO standards. Also, cobalt was not detected in water samples. All other heavy metals determined were above the WHO permissible limits for water and soil samples except zinc and copper which were within the acceptable limits. In all, the concentration of heavy metals in the soil samples was observed to be higher than the water samples which might be due to leaching and bioaccumulation. Thus, a further comprehensive study is recommended and also, intervention strategies like remediation, to better the life of the people.
Abstract: The level of heavy metals concentrations of crude oil polluted soil and water was assessed in some coastal communities (Eket, Ibeno, EsitEket and Onna) of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The mean values of the heavy metals determined were: Cr(0.1544±0.01), Cd(0.0137±0.00), Pb(0.0340±0.04), Ca(64.9360±1.55), Ni(0....
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The Influence of Thermal Treatment on the Concentration of HMF in Honey
Aldina Kesić,
Inela Zaimović,
Nadira Ibrišimović-Mehmedinović,
Almir Šestan
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
14-18
Received:
4 October 2016
Accepted:
23 November 2016
Published:
3 January 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijec.20170101.13
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Abstract: Honey is sweet, thick, syrup like, aromatic, semifluid or crystallized substance produced by bees after processing the flower nectar or nectar of living plants or other secretions (honeydew). Some insects collect it as food, enrich their secretions and transmit it in the honeycomb cells that cover the wax caps, and so preserve it of absorption, moisture and decay. According to the chemical composition, honey is a natural product that contains natural antioxidants. Many plants synthesize phytochemical substances with antioxidant activity, which are very important for the defence of the human body of radicals. Collecting nectar from such plants bees transferred bioactive components in between. Dark honey is richer in content of antioxidants. Honey is a convenient base for the formation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfuraldehyde (HMF), as it contains high concentrations of saccharide (mainly hexoses), has a low pH value (containing organic acid) and a low water content. Fresh honey has a low content of HMF, almost equal to zero. However, its concentration increases when honey is heated and is in its storage. If you expose samples of honey at the temperature of 60°C for a longer period of time, a significant increase in the concentration of HMF is present. Noticeable increase of HMF concentration is observed by heating the samples at 90°C for 60 minutes where the results show that the average concentration of HMF was 48.8 mg/kg. Therefore, the content of HMF in honey is an important parameter in determining the quality of honey, his age, antioxidant activity, as well as the loss of its nutritional value.
Abstract: Honey is sweet, thick, syrup like, aromatic, semifluid or crystallized substance produced by bees after processing the flower nectar or nectar of living plants or other secretions (honeydew). Some insects collect it as food, enrich their secretions and transmit it in the honeycomb cells that cover the wax caps, and so preserve it of absorption, moi...
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Novel Carbon Porous Material with Nanostructural for Separation of Arsenic(III) from Water with Highest Adsorption Capacity
Hossein Ghafourian,
Mohammad Rabbani,
Zahra Ghazanfari
Issue:
Volume 1, Issue 1, June 2017
Pages:
19-22
Received:
26 March 2017
Accepted:
10 April 2017
Published:
24 May 2017
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijec.20170101.14
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Abstract: Arsenic is a heavy metal and exists in an oxidation state of -3, 0, +3 or +5 which the As (III) is more toxic than other. Due to the extreme toxicity of As(III) in drinking water many research was done to find natural and economical adsorber for removing it from the water. Porous carbonaceous nanostructural materials have been widely used in the adsorption of contaminated water, gas storage, separation, and purification. By special experimental method were produced in Beshel Activated Carbon Industry (BACI) a new carbon adsorber material (BACI-2017) with nano pores, for removal of As (III) in contaminated water. Because of existing an appropriate pores and surface area, the new adsorber has shown a high tendency for adsorption of Arsenic (III) from water. Experiment: Two different particle sizes, mesh 4x8 and mesh 100 and greater than 100 mesh, were used. The separation of As(III) were done with 0.5 gram of BACI-2017 with mesh 4x8 and 0.1 gram of BACI-2017 with 100 mesh and greater than100 mesh and six different concentrations of As(III) solution, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 100 and 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 1000 ppm respectively. In all experiments the pH was about 8.5. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of As(III) calculated from Langmuir isotherm was found 41.48 mg/g for 0.5 gram of GRG-2017 with mesh 4x8 and 0.1 gram of BACI-2017 calculated from Freundlich isotherm was 455 mg/g for 100 mesh and greater than 100 mesh. The contact time in all experiments was 15 minutes. The study showed that the adsorption capacity of arsenic is strongly depending on the particle size of adsorber. The results: The BACI-2017 nanopores adsorber for removal of As (III) from aqueous solution shown that the As (III) can be separated from water with a high capacity of 455 mg/g or 455 g of As (III) per kg of adsorber BACI-2017. This is a world record with highest adsorption capacity in comparison with other studies till now, March 2017.
Abstract: Arsenic is a heavy metal and exists in an oxidation state of -3, 0, +3 or +5 which the As (III) is more toxic than other. Due to the extreme toxicity of As(III) in drinking water many research was done to find natural and economical adsorber for removing it from the water. Porous carbonaceous nanostructural materials have been widely used in the ad...
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