International Journal of Materials Science and Applications

Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014

  • Green synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extracts of Withania somnifera (Linn.) (Ashwagandha)

    Birendra Kumar Bindhani, Ashok Kumar Panigrahi

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 279-284
    Received: 28 August 2014
    Accepted: 10 September 2014
    Published: 30 September 2014
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    Abstract: In this study, a novel technique for biosynthesizing of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using Withania somnifera as reductants and stabilizers is reported. Biosynthesis of anisotropic gold nanoparticles using ethanolic extract of Withania somnifera leaf and their potential as IR blockers has been demonstrated. The phenolic groups (–OH) residue was identi... Show More
  • Intercalation of Metallic Potassium and Fullerene C60 into Natural Graphite

    Zemanova Eva, Klouda Karel, Lach Karel, Weisheitelova Marketa

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 285-292
    Received: 1 September 2014
    Accepted: 23 September 2014
    Published: 10 October 2014
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    Abstract: Graphite was intercalated with potassium to produce C8K intercalate which was subsequently exposed to suspension of fullerene C60 in toluene. The resulting product stabilized potassium against effects of the atmosphere. The prepared product was exposed to tests of thermal stability and other analyses, such as FT-IR, SEM and Energy-dispersive X-ray ... Show More
  • Fullerene C60, Graphene-Oxide and Graphene-Oxide Foil with Fullerene and their Bromination

    Klouda Karel, Zemanova Eva, Friedrichova Romana, Weisheitova Marketa

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 293-302
    Received: 5 September 2014
    Accepted: 23 September 2014
    Published: 10 October 2014
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    Abstract: A direct reaction with liquid bromine was used to prepare bromofullerene C60Br14-18. The brominated derivative reacted with previously prepared graphene-oxide (hereinafter GO), according to a method described by Hummer. The same method was used to oxidize graphite alone. The prepared graphite fullerene foil was brominated with liquid bromine and th... Show More
  • An In-Situ Anion Exchange Method Synthesized of Ag3PO4 Functionalized with Fe3O4 and AgI for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange under Visible Light Irradiation

    Ahmed Mahmoud Idris, Mahgoub Ibrahim Shinger, Dong Dong Qin, Hind Baballa, Xiaoquan Lu

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 303-308
    Received: 18 August 2014
    Accepted: 1 September 2014
    Published: 20 October 2014
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    Abstract: A novel of visible light induced photodegradation of methyl orange over Fe3O4-Ag3PO4@AgI photocatalyst has been observed. The nanoparticles have been synthesized by a facile and effective in-situ ion exchange method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction meter (XRD) and UV−visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy... Show More
  • Simulation of the Carbides Precipitation Mechanism in 34CrMo4 and 42CrMo4 Steels

    Miroslav Kvicala, Michaela Stamborska

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 309-313
    Received: 25 September 2014
    Accepted: 8 October 2014
    Published: 20 October 2014
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    Abstract: The low-alloyed Cr-Mo steels (25CrMo4, 34CrMo4 and 42CrMo4) are used for production of important technical equipment parts in the petrochemical industry, for transportation of the gaseous hydrocarbons, concentrated acids, and lyes. They are also used for rolling of seamless tubes, in the production of pressure bottles, steel bolts, etc. Steel grade... Show More
  • Thickness Dependency of CuO Nanocoating Layer on Thermal Performance of HPHE

    Aysar Abd Alrazaq Alamery, Hussein Ali Jawad, Zainab Fadhil Mahdi

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 314-320
    Received: 8 July 2014
    Accepted: 24 July 2014
    Published: 20 October 2014
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    Abstract: Among the different passive techniques present, surface coating seems to the most effective one. Copper oxide-based materials are of interest on account of their potential uses in many technological fields. Modeling of the nanocoating on fins in Thermosyphon heat exchangers using ANSYS software is introduced. The temperature distribution was invest... Show More
  • Determination of Friction Coefficient between Glass Fiber and the Concrete Fri (GF.C)

    Amjad Khabaz

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 321-324
    Received: 28 September 2014
    Accepted: 10 October 2014
    Published: 20 October 2014
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    Abstract: The friction forces between glass fiber and the concrete in the case of Fiber Reinforced Concrete F.R.C are considered as the main factor to generate the bonding between these two building construction materials. In the case of using glass fiber as reinforcement material to improve the resistance capacity of plain concrete under an axial or flexura... Show More
  • Thermal-Gravimetric, Calorimetric and Chemical Analytical Characterisation of Coal

    Misael Silas Nadiye-Tabbiruka, Wilfred Ddamba, Kifilwe Tsheko, Zakarea Kenewang, Estella Judith Salamula

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 325-330
    Received: 25 September 2014
    Accepted: 11 October 2014
    Published: 20 October 2014
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    Abstract: Coal samples from Morupule colliery in Botswana were characterized by bomb calorimetry, thermal-gravimetric analysis, atomic absorption spectrometry and flame photometry. The average heat of combustion of the coal was found to be 27.3 kJ g-1; with a substantial amount of ashes left behind. Thermo-gravimetric analysis showed peaks at 59.40 oC corres... Show More
  • Can Anodic Aluminium Oxide Nanomembranes Treated with Nanometre Scale Hydroxyapatite be Used as a Cell Culture Substrate

    Gerrard Eddy Jai Poinern, Xuan Le, Mark O’Dea, Derek Fawcett

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 331-338
    Received: 28 August 2014
    Accepted: 11 September 2014
    Published: 30 October 2014
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    Abstract: In this study we investigate the biomedical potential of composite membranes composed of anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) and nanometre scale hydroxyapatite (HAP). The nano-porous AAO membranes were produced using a temperature controlled two-step anodization technique. The AAO/HAP composite membranes were formed using the solution template wetting tec... Show More
  • Gamma Irradiation Inducing the Synthesis of Magnetic Fe3O4 Nanorod Particles in Alkaline Medium

    Gracien Bakambo Ekoko, Joseph Kanza-Kanza Lobo, Omer Muamba Mvele, Jérémie Lunguya Muswema, Jean-Felix Senga Yamambe, Peter Kimpende Mangwala

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 339-343
    Received: 8 October 2014
    Accepted: 25 October 2014
    Published: 10 November 2014
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    Abstract: Gamma irradiation has been employed to produce magnetic nanorod particles of magnetite (Fe3O4) in alkaline medium at pH 13.2, in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol solution used as an organic surfactant molecule in order to stabilize the growth of particles during synthesis. Pure sub micron sized particles with bullet-shaped morphology were prepared... Show More
  • Evaluation of the Rheological Behavior of a Semi-Solid Al–SiC Composite using a Parallel-Plate Drop-Forge Viscometer

    Yasuyoshi Fukui, Daisaku Nara, Kazuyo Fushimi, Noriyoshi Kumazawa

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 344-352
    Received: 22 October 2014
    Accepted: 6 November 2014
    Published: 20 November 2014
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    Abstract: This paper presents of studies performed to assess the effect of rheological behavior on the near-net shape forming of an Al–20 vol% SiC composite of Duralcan F3A.20S and of the mother aluminum alloy A356 for comparison. Isothermal experiments were conducted using results of a parallel-plate drop-forge viscometer in a temperature range from 849 K (... Show More
  • Plasticity at Absolute Zero as a Fundamental Characteristic of Dislocation Properties

    Yuly Milman, Svitlana Chugunova, Irina Goncharova

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 353-362
    Received: 29 October 2014
    Accepted: 11 November 2014
    Published: 20 November 2014
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    Abstract: Values of a plasticity characteristic H for different materials were determined by the indentation method at cryogenic temperatures. Using the linear dependence H(T) at low temperatures, the value of δH at 0 K, designated by δH(0), was obtained by the extrapolation method. Values of δH(0) for different materials, namely FCC, HCP and BCC metals, ... Show More
  • Proposed Cross-Linking Model for Carboxymethyl Cellulose /Starch Superabsorbent Polymer Blend

    Auda Jabbar Braihi, Sihama Issa Salih, Fadhel Abbas Hashem, Jaleel Kareem Ahmed

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 363-369
    Received: 5 November 2014
    Accepted: 12 November 2014
    Published: 17 November 2014
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    Abstract: Superabsorbent polymer (SAP) blend has been synthesized from Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) , starch, and aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate cross-linker. Water Absorption Capacity (WAC), FTIR, SEM, DSC, CHO, Flame Photometer and ignition tests are carried out to determine the used CMC formula, investigate the cross-linking process, and suggest a cro... Show More
  • A Review on Influence of Thermal Studies of Nanomaterials

    Suresh Sagadevan, B. Janarthanan

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 370-377
    Received: 24 July 2014
    Accepted: 20 August 2014
    Published: 1 September 2014
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    Abstract: Nanomaterials are defined as engineered materials with at least one dimension in the range of 1-100 nm. Particles of “nano” size have been shown to exhibit enhanced and novel properties including reactivity, greater sensing capability, and increased mechanical strength. The nanotechnique offers simple, clean, fast, efficient, and economic method fo... Show More
  • Numerical Simulation of Grain Size Distribution in Two-Phase Polycrystalline Materials

    Rifa J. El-Khozondar, Dana Zӧllner, Klaus Kassner

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 381-390
    Received: 16 November 2014
    Accepted: 28 November 2014
    Published: 2 December 2014
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    Abstract: Numerical simulations based on the Monte Carlo Potts model are used to study the temporal change of the grain size distribution of two-phase polycrystalline materials, where both phases grow simultaneously. After a sufficiently long time, grain growth in such two-phase systems can be characterized by a self-similar scaled grain size distribution fu... Show More
  • Machining Variables Influence on the Fatigue Life of End-Milled Aluminium Alloy

    Sunday J. Ojolo, Ifeoluwa J. Orisaleye, Nnaemeka Obiajulu

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 391-398
    Received: 25 November 2014
    Accepted: 4 December 2014
    Published: 8 December 2014
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    Abstract: Machining involves the thermal, elastic and plastic deformations of the surface layer which result in strain hardening, structural changes and development of residual stresses. These cause surface irregularities which may increase the risk of fatigue failure of material during usage. This study involves the investigation of the influence of cutting... Show More
  • Solid Electrolyte Function of a Polyethylene Porous Membrane Filled with Side-Chain Crystalline Block Co-Polymer by Using Its Crystalline Supramolecular Interaction

    Yusuke Sano, Ryoko Nakano, Hiroshi Sekiguchi, Shigeru Yao

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 399-403
    Received: 25 November 2014
    Accepted: 4 December 2014
    Published: 16 December 2014
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    Abstract: Side-Chain Crystalline Block Co-Polymer (SCCBC), which is composed of a side-chain crystalline monomer unit and a functional monomer unit (which can confer solvent-compatibility, polarity, etc.), can be adsorbed to a polyethylene crystal through crystalline supramolecular interaction. By using this interaction, we can modify not only the surface bu... Show More
  • Variation of Structural and Surface Properties of RF Sputtered Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) Thin Films Due to the Influence of Annealing Temperature and Time

    Lim Wei Qiang, Mutharasu Devarajan

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 404-409
    Received: 5 November 2014
    Accepted: 21 November 2014
    Published: 18 December 2014
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    Abstract: Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) thin films were deposited on Si (111) substrates by using RF magnetron sputtering of Al2O3 target in Ar atmosphere. The synthesized films were annealed in the temperature range of 200 to 600°C in nitrogen (N2) environment for 2 and 4 hours. Variations in these structural and surface properties of the films were investigated u... Show More
  • Influence of Calcined Clay Pozzolana on Strength Characteristics of Portland Cement Concrete

    Eric Opoku Amankwah, Mark Bediako, C. K. Kankam

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 410-419
    Received: 12 December 2014
    Accepted: 24 December 2014
    Published: 6 January 2015
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    Abstract: The paper presents results of a study on concrete mixes containing two types of calcined clay pozzolanas obtained from Mankranso and Tanoso for structural application. Mankranso sample is labeled Type I whilst Tanoso also labeled as type II.Both clay samples were analysed to determine their physical and geotechnical properties whilst the chemical c... Show More
  • An Experimental Study on the Mechanical Characteristics of Low Alloy Carbon Steels for Better Performance of Traditional Farm Implements in Ethiopia

    Belete Kefarge, Adhena Ayaliew Werkneh, Asmamaw Tegegne, Fikadu Gashaw

    Issue: Volume 3, Issue 6, November 2014
    Pages: 420-430
    Received: 3 January 2015
    Accepted: 10 January 2015
    Published: 21 January 2015
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    Abstract: For most developing countries, including Ethiopia Agriculture is the backbone of their economy. Due to lack of effective farm implements, theses country’s population has been suffering on food shortage. Hence, the major objective the study is to improve the mechanical properties and abrasion resistance of traditional farm implements. To achieve the... Show More