Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging

Marie Danielle Fendji; Franck Mbah Kimbong; Ioannis Tsipouridis; Pierre Tsafack

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13

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Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging

Marie Danielle Fendji, Franck Mbah Kimbong, Ioannis Tsipouridis, Pierre Tsafack

Published in Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Volume 11, Issue 1)

Received: 10 January 2023 Accepted: 1 February 2023 Published: 14 February 2023

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Abstract

Ensuring a long battery life and satisfactory performance requires accurate charging cycles. There are three phases to the charge cycle - Constant Current Charge, Constant Voltage Charge, and Float Charge. It is usual that lead acid battery users complain about fast degrading performance because most the low cost commercially available lead Acid Battery chargers provides only single-stage charging phase which is that of constant-voltage charging phase. To ensure long service life and good performance, it is of paramount importance that all charging modes are respected. This said it is clear that the battery charger should have a certain degree of controllability over voltage and current quantities through-out the charging process. In this paper, we designed and built a lead acid battery charger to use in conjunction with a synchronous buck converter topology. After implementing and testing the system, we obtained good results in both the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the implemented system tested, a 12 V- 7000mAh battery. With the help of a MCU-based digital control system containing two different control transfer functions - constant current Feedback Control and Constant Voltage Feedback Control monitoring the charging process proved possible without any overshoot. The prototype showed us an efficiency rating of 86.60%, the maximum error level was recorded at 0.05V, and there were no problems related to overshoot or transient response when testing our prototype which worked flawlessly.

Published in	Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (Volume 11, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13
Page(s)	23-33
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Lead Acid Battery, Battery Charging, Buck Converter, Control System

References

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[15]	Lee, C. S., Lin, H. C., & Lai, S. Y. (2013). Development of fast large lead-acid battery charging system using multi-state strategy. International Journal on Computer, Consumer and Control (IJ3C), 2 (2), 56-65.
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APA Style

Marie Danielle Fendji, Franck Mbah Kimbong, Ioannis Tsipouridis, Pierre Tsafack. (2023). Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging. Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 11(1), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13

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ACS Style

Marie Danielle Fendji; Franck Mbah Kimbong; Ioannis Tsipouridis; Pierre Tsafack. Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging. J. Electr. Electron. Eng. 2023, 11(1), 23-33. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13

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AMA Style

Marie Danielle Fendji, Franck Mbah Kimbong, Ioannis Tsipouridis, Pierre Tsafack. Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging. J Electr Electron Eng. 2023;11(1):23-33. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13

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@article{10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13,
  author = {Marie Danielle Fendji and Franck Mbah Kimbong and Ioannis Tsipouridis and Pierre Tsafack},
  title = {Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging},
  journal = {Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering},
  volume = {11},
  number = {1},
  pages = {23-33},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jeee.20231101.13},
  abstract = {Ensuring a long battery life and satisfactory performance requires accurate charging cycles. There are three phases to the charge cycle - Constant Current Charge, Constant Voltage Charge, and Float Charge. It is usual that lead acid battery users complain about fast degrading performance because most the low cost commercially available lead Acid Battery chargers provides only single-stage charging phase which is that of constant-voltage charging phase. To ensure long service life and good performance, it is of paramount importance that all charging modes are respected. This said it is clear that the battery charger should have a certain degree of controllability over voltage and current quantities through-out the charging process. In this paper, we designed and built a lead acid battery charger to use in conjunction with a synchronous buck converter topology. After implementing and testing the system, we obtained good results in both the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the implemented system tested, a 12 V- 7000mAh battery. With the help of a MCU-based digital control system containing two different control transfer functions - constant current Feedback Control and Constant Voltage Feedback Control monitoring the charging process proved possible without any overshoot. The prototype showed us an efficiency rating of 86.60%, the maximum error level was recorded at 0.05V, and there were no problems related to overshoot or transient response when testing our prototype which worked flawlessly.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging
AU  - Marie Danielle Fendji
AU  - Franck Mbah Kimbong
AU  - Ioannis Tsipouridis
AU  - Pierre Tsafack
Y1  - 2023/02/14
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13
T2  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JF  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JO  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
SP  - 23
EP  - 33
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-1605
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13
AB  - Ensuring a long battery life and satisfactory performance requires accurate charging cycles. There are three phases to the charge cycle - Constant Current Charge, Constant Voltage Charge, and Float Charge. It is usual that lead acid battery users complain about fast degrading performance because most the low cost commercially available lead Acid Battery chargers provides only single-stage charging phase which is that of constant-voltage charging phase. To ensure long service life and good performance, it is of paramount importance that all charging modes are respected. This said it is clear that the battery charger should have a certain degree of controllability over voltage and current quantities through-out the charging process. In this paper, we designed and built a lead acid battery charger to use in conjunction with a synchronous buck converter topology. After implementing and testing the system, we obtained good results in both the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the implemented system tested, a 12 V- 7000mAh battery. With the help of a MCU-based digital control system containing two different control transfer functions - constant current Feedback Control and Constant Voltage Feedback Control monitoring the charging process proved possible without any overshoot. The prototype showed us an efficiency rating of 86.60%, the maximum error level was recorded at 0.05V, and there were no problems related to overshoot or transient response when testing our prototype which worked flawlessly.
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Marie Danielle Fendji

Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Franck Mbah Kimbong

Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon
Ioannis Tsipouridis

Renewable Energy and Climate Change Research Center-RECCReC, Institute/Technical University of Mombasa, Mombasa, Kenya
Pierre Tsafack

Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon

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APA Style

Marie Danielle Fendji, Franck Mbah Kimbong, Ioannis Tsipouridis, Pierre Tsafack. (2023). Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging. Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 11(1), 23-33. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13

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ACS Style

Marie Danielle Fendji; Franck Mbah Kimbong; Ioannis Tsipouridis; Pierre Tsafack. Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging. J. Electr. Electron. Eng. 2023, 11(1), 23-33. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13

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AMA Style

Marie Danielle Fendji, Franck Mbah Kimbong, Ioannis Tsipouridis, Pierre Tsafack. Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging. J Electr Electron Eng. 2023;11(1):23-33. doi: 10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13

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@article{10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13,
  author = {Marie Danielle Fendji and Franck Mbah Kimbong and Ioannis Tsipouridis and Pierre Tsafack},
  title = {Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging},
  journal = {Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering},
  volume = {11},
  number = {1},
  pages = {23-33},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jeee.20231101.13},
  abstract = {Ensuring a long battery life and satisfactory performance requires accurate charging cycles. There are three phases to the charge cycle - Constant Current Charge, Constant Voltage Charge, and Float Charge. It is usual that lead acid battery users complain about fast degrading performance because most the low cost commercially available lead Acid Battery chargers provides only single-stage charging phase which is that of constant-voltage charging phase. To ensure long service life and good performance, it is of paramount importance that all charging modes are respected. This said it is clear that the battery charger should have a certain degree of controllability over voltage and current quantities through-out the charging process. In this paper, we designed and built a lead acid battery charger to use in conjunction with a synchronous buck converter topology. After implementing and testing the system, we obtained good results in both the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the implemented system tested, a 12 V- 7000mAh battery. With the help of a MCU-based digital control system containing two different control transfer functions - constant current Feedback Control and Constant Voltage Feedback Control monitoring the charging process proved possible without any overshoot. The prototype showed us an efficiency rating of 86.60%, the maximum error level was recorded at 0.05V, and there were no problems related to overshoot or transient response when testing our prototype which worked flawlessly.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Design and Implementation of a Digital Control System for Lead Acid Battery Charging
AU  - Marie Danielle Fendji
AU  - Franck Mbah Kimbong
AU  - Ioannis Tsipouridis
AU  - Pierre Tsafack
Y1  - 2023/02/14
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13
T2  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JF  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
JO  - Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
SP  - 23
EP  - 33
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-1605
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jeee.20231101.13
AB  - Ensuring a long battery life and satisfactory performance requires accurate charging cycles. There are three phases to the charge cycle - Constant Current Charge, Constant Voltage Charge, and Float Charge. It is usual that lead acid battery users complain about fast degrading performance because most the low cost commercially available lead Acid Battery chargers provides only single-stage charging phase which is that of constant-voltage charging phase. To ensure long service life and good performance, it is of paramount importance that all charging modes are respected. This said it is clear that the battery charger should have a certain degree of controllability over voltage and current quantities through-out the charging process. In this paper, we designed and built a lead acid battery charger to use in conjunction with a synchronous buck converter topology. After implementing and testing the system, we obtained good results in both the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the implemented system tested, a 12 V- 7000mAh battery. With the help of a MCU-based digital control system containing two different control transfer functions - constant current Feedback Control and Constant Voltage Feedback Control monitoring the charging process proved possible without any overshoot. The prototype showed us an efficiency rating of 86.60%, the maximum error level was recorded at 0.05V, and there were no problems related to overshoot or transient response when testing our prototype which worked flawlessly.
VL  - 11
IS  - 1
ER  -

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